tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-47273191496512180062024-03-16T12:51:31.719+07:00DER ASSO-BLOGKommentare eines Zen-Rüpels
GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.comBlogger843125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-42681563014359515172024-03-16T12:51:00.153+07:002024-03-16T12:51:00.144+07:00So Sahn (1560-1604): Der Spiegel des Zen II<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><p style="text-align: center;">7</p><p style="text-align: center;">Ich würde gern nur eins sagen:</p><p style="text-align: center;">Alles Denken abschneiden, alle Bedingungen vergessen,</p><p style="text-align: center;">während ich hier sitze und nichts zu tun habe:</p><p style="text-align: center;">Und doch kommt der Frühling und überall wächst das Gras von selbst.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Alles Denken abschneiden und von allen Bedingungen, von Ursache und Wirkung lassen: Dies bedeutet, die Wahrheit in deinem eigenen Geist zu erlangen. Dann kannst du ein wahrer Mensch des Weges genannt werden, der nichts mehr verwirklichen muss. So einer ist ungehindert und erschafft von Augenblick zu Augenblick nichts: Wenn er hungrig ist, isst er, wenn er müde ist, schläft er. Er wandert frei zwischen den klaren Flüssen und blauen Bergen umher. Er mischt sich gelassen und ohne Hindernis unter die Geschäftigen in Häfen und Wirtshäusern. Das Auf und Ab der Zeiten interessiert ihn nicht, und doch kommt der Frühling und die Gräser sprießen, wie ehedem. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Wann immer Denken aufkommt, sollte man nach innen und nach seinem eigenen wahren Geisteslicht Ausschau halten. </p><p style="text-align: center;"><i>Gatha</i></p><p style="text-align: center;">Ich fragte mich, ob es irgendwo eine solche Person gäbe.</p><p style="text-align: center;">Doch sie ist bereits hier.</p><p style="text-align: left;"> </p><p style="text-align: center;">13</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Du solltest das <i>kong-an</i> (Koan) mit absoluter Entschlossenheit aufrecht erhalten, wie eine Henne, die ihren Nachwuchs ausbrütet, wie eine Katze, die eine Maus jagt, wie ein Hungriger, der nach Nahrung strebt, wie ein Durstiger, der nach Wasser sucht, und wie ein Kind, das sich nach seiner verlorenen Mutter sehnt. Nur mit einer solchen Einstellung wirst du gewiss den Großen Zweifel durchdringen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Die Patriarchen hinterließen 1.700 <i>kong-an</i> wie "Drei Pfund Flachs" oder den "trockenen Scheißespatel". In allen oben genannten Beispielen stammt die konzentrierte Anstrengung aus dem tiefsten Geist und ist ungekünstelt. Ohne diesen zutiefst geradlinien Geist kann man nicht erwachen.</p><p style="text-align: left;"> </p><p style="text-align: center;">16</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Wenn du dein <i>hwa-du</i> ("lebendiges Wort", Schlüsselwort), dein <i>kong-an </i>oder den Großen Zweifel hegst, versuche nie, eine richtige Antwort zu finden. Verfolge sie auch nicht mit deinen Gedanken und warte nicht auf Erleuchtung. Wenn du dort anlangst, wo Gedanken nicht eintreten können, wird dein Geist nirgendwo mehr hinkönnen. Du wirst dich fühlen wie eine alte Ratte, die in die Falle des Ochshorns geraten ist: Es gibt kein Vor und kein Zurück mehr. Es wäre völlig falsch, nun dies und das zu erwägen und dem Karma von Leben und Tod hierhin und dorthin zu folgen, sich zu ängstigen oder wirr zu werden. Von dieser Krankheit werden heutzutage jedoch viele befallen.</p><p style="text-align: left;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Während der <i>hwa-du-</i>Praxis gilt es, zehn Krankheiten zu vermeiden: 1) das <i>kong-an</i> mit unterscheidendem Denken verstehen zu wollen; 2) sich an den wortlosen Gesten eines Meisters wie dem Heben der Augenbrauen aufzuhängen; 3) sich von Worten gefangennehmen zu lassen; 4) nach einem Beweis im <i>kong-an</i> zu suchen; 5) den Schrei oder eine andere plötzliche Ausdrucksart eines Meisters nachzuahmen, als wäre es die eigene; 6) alles fortzuwerfen, indem man in die Leere fällt; 7) Bedingungen von Existenz und Nicht-Existenz unterscheiden zu wollen; 8) in Begriffen des absoluten Nichts zu denken; 9) Wissen aus logischer Vernunft anzuwenden; 10) ungeduldig Erwachen zu erwarten.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Halte stattdessen fest den Großen Zweifel, der sich aus dem <i>kong-an</i> speist, aufrecht und deinen Geist klar, indem du deine Energie auf die Frage konzentrierst: "Was ist dies?"</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: center;">17</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ein Meister der <i>hwa-du-</i>Praxis kann mit einem Moskito verglichen werdenm, der in einen Eisenbullen sticht. Der Moskito denkt sich nicht: "Soll ich es so oder so machen?" Sein nadelgleicher Mund drückt fest ins Undurchdringliche, er riskiert Körper und Leben und dringt in einem Augenblick mit seinem ganzen Wesen durch.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Auch hierbei geht es ums "lebendige Wort": Wer sich darauf konzentriert, darf nicht nachlassen. Ein ehrwürdiger Lehrer sagte: "Wer Zen praktiziert, muss ernsthaft die Tore der Patriarchen durchdringen. Um zu erwachen, schneide einfach den Weg des Geistes ab!" <br /></p><p style="text-align: left;"> </p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(Siehe auch: <i>The Mirror of Zen</i>, tr. by Boep Joeng and Hyon Gak, Boston 2006)</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <br /></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-48639454368876970722024-03-01T12:58:00.003+07:002024-03-12T13:15:52.138+07:00Bukko alias Mugaku Sogen (1226-1286), Zen-Meister der Samurai<p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Bukko (Wuxue Zuyuan, jap. auch Mugaku
Sogen, 1226-1286) wurde vom Shogun Hôjô Tokimune nach Japan eingeladen, dann zu
dessen Berater und zum Abt des Engakuji. Besonderen Einfluss hatte er auf die
Kriegerkaste in der Kamakura-Zeit.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt;">Der Weg aus Leben-und-Tod ist kein besonderer Trick.
Wesentlich ist, zur Wurzel von Leben-und-Tod vorzudringen. Sie befindet sich im
Zentrum jedes Menschen, der sein Leben lebt, seinen Tod stirbt, zum Buddha oder
Patriarchen wird.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Was Zen genannt wird, ist keine Handlung, die man
vollziehen muss. Es bedeutet einfach, zu erkennen, was das eigene wahre Herz
wirklich ist, und sich diesem zu verpflichten. Es bedeutet, seine ursprüngliche
Natur zu erkennen. Dabei ist es wesentlich, zu erfassen, was man noch vor der
Geburt der eigenen Eltern war. Wir sagen, dass das Selbst das Selbst zu
erfassen sucht, doch tatsächlich ist es schon das Selbst, warum sollte es sich
also selbst erfassen wollen? In der Masse von Wissen, Wahrnehmungen und
Wertungen ist es freilich so verborgen, dass es sich für gewöhnlich nicht als
das zeigen kann, was es ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Die Frage ist, wie man sich dem Selbst nähern soll.
Man sagt sich zum Beispiel: "Wo kam es vor vierzig Jahren her, wo wird es in
hundert Jahren sein? Und wer ist genau jetzt die Person, die diese Frage
stellt? Wo ist das wahre Gesicht, das schon vor der Geburt der eigenen Eltern
da war?“ Untersuche dies so, und wenn du den Eindruck hast, nicht mehr weiterzukommen,
beobachte, wie diese Unfähigkeit kommt und geht. Irgendwann wird sich das
Erwachen von selbst einstellen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Zu Beginn nimm dir ein Koan, einen Ausspruch der
Patriarchen, um deinen Blich zu fokussieren. Wenn sich nach einigen Jahren kein
Erwachen einstellt, sollte es jedoch fallengelassen werden, weil es sonst nur
bindet. Bei der Konzentration auf ein Koan gibt es eine Zeit, wo man den Geist
des Untersuchens erweckt, eine Zeit, wo man die Anhaftungen durchbricht, eine
Zeit des Vorwärtsstürmens und eine des Feuerlöschens. Nach meiner Erfahrung ist
es besser, nach all diesen Anstrengungen ein Koan fallenzulassen, wenn es nicht
weitergeht, und die Dinge leicht und ohne Zwang oder Druck zu nehmen, weil sich
dann eher das wahre Gesicht zeigt und ein Erwachen einstellt. Dann erscheinen
Körper und Geist als leer und benötigen kein Schleifen und Reinigen mehr.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Lass dein zahlreiches Wissen und deine Erkenntnisse
hinter dir und wende dich der Weite des Raumes zu. Wenn dann keine Spur von
Buddhismus mehr in deinem Herzen ist, wirst du die wahre Sicht von Buddhas und
Patriarchen haben. Die Weite des Raumes umfasst alle Dinge. Wenn du überall
kommen und gehen kannst und nichts Spezielles dir gehört, es kein Innen und
Außen gibt und du dich Rundem und Eckigem, Hohem und Niedrigem anpassen kannst –
das ist es. Die Leere des Ozeans lässt Wellen entstehen, die Leere der Bergtäler
Echos, und die Leere des Herzens Buddha. Wenn du dein Herz leerst, erscheinen
Dinge wertfrei wie in einem Spiegel.</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></span></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-47297308982558288462024-02-15T12:24:00.005+07:002024-02-15T12:24:00.188+07:00So Sahn (1520-1604): Der Spiegel des Zen I<p style="text-align: justify;"><i>So Sahn war ein einflussreicher koreanischer Seon(Zen)-Mönch, dessen "Spiegel des Zen" noch heute in Klöstern gelehrt wird. Er fasste darin mit 86 Abschnitten wesentliche Lehren der Tradition zusammen, die er kommentierte und mit Versen versah. Im Gegensatz zu Hakuin hatte er große Sympathien für den Buddhismus des Reinen Landes. Leider insistiert er in mehreren Kapiteln z.B. auf einem Verständnis der Gebote, wie ich es schon desöfteren kritisierte, und schließt Shen-hui als Erben Hui-nengs aus; darum will ich mich auf ein paar Highlights seiner Schrift beschränken.</i></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i> </i>2 </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Das Erscheinen der Buddhas und Patriarachen in dieser Welt kann mit Wellen verglichen werden, die plötzlich in einem windstillen Ozean auftauchen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Das Wort "Buddha" verweist auf Shakyamuni Buddha, "Patriarch" auf den Ehrwürdigen Mahakashyapa. Ihr Kommen in die Welt gilt als große Freundlichkeit und Mitempfinden, denn es sollte dem Erretten aller Lebewesen vom Leiden dienen. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Was die eine wesentliche Sache angeht, so ist jedoch jedermanns ursprüngliche Natur bereits vollständig, so wie sie ist. Wie kommt es, dass wir von anderen abhängig sind und diese Angelegenheit stets mit mehr Puder und Wangenrot aufhübschen wollen? Darum kann ihr Kommen in die Welt auch angesehen werden wie plötzlich aufkommende Wellen auf windstiller See. So heißt es im Mahashunyata Sutra: "Worte auf einer Schriftrolle sind Dämonen-Karma, Namen und Formen sind Dämonen-Karma, Buddhas eigene Rede ist Dämonen-Karma." Wenn du deine ursprüngliche Natur auf rechte Weise erfasst, haben also weder Buddha noch Patriarchen irgendwelchen Nutzen für dich.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: center;">4</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Man mag es "Geist", "Buddha" oder "fühlendes Wesen" nennen, doch sollte man nicht an Worten hängen und kein fixes Verständnis entwickeln oder Unterscheidungen machen. Die Essenz der Dinge ist genau-wie-dies. Wenn auch nur ein Gedanke entsteht, ist das ein Fehler.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sutren gründen auf Worten wie den obigen, um das Eine auszudrücken. Die Zen-Meditation lehrt, nicht an Worten zu kleben. Aufheben oder Ablegen, Erschaffen oder Zerstören: Dies sind die Handlungen eines freien Menschen, der kein Hindernis kennt.</p><p style="text-align: center;"><i>Gatha</i></p><p style="text-align: center;">Es ist wie süßer Regen, der nach einer langen Dürre fällt,</p><p style="text-align: center;">wie einem alten Freund in einem fernen, fremden Land zu begegnen.</p><p style="text-align: center;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: center;">6</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Wenn du dich an Worte und Gerede hängst, wird sogar das Anheben der Blume durch Buddha und Mahakashyapas Lächeln zu einer weiteren Spur der Sutren. Erlangst du hingegen die Wahrheit in deinem eigenen Geist, werden sogar das übliche Geschnatter und elegante Reden der gewöhnlichen Welt zu einer "Übertragung außerhalb der Schriften".</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><i>Kommentar:</i></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Das Dharma hat keinen Namen und kann nicht durch Worte erfasst werden. Es hat keine Form und kann darum nicht durch Denken erfasst werden. Sobald du den Mund zum Sprechen öffnest, hast du deinen ursprünglichen Geist bereits verlassen. Dann ist sogar diese Geschichte von der Blume und dem Lächeln nur totes Gelaber für dich. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Doch wenn du die Wahrheit in deinem eigenen Geist erlangst, wird sogar das sinnlose Geschnatter auf den Straßen nd Markplätzen wie eine Dharma-Rede eines großen Lehrers, und das Zirpen von Vögeln oder Jammern eines Tieres drückt Wahrheit aus. Darum erwachte auch Pao-chi, als er einen bitterlichen Trauerschrei vernahm, und tanzte vor Glück. Und Pao-shou wurde gar beim Anblick eines Straßenkampfes erweckt<br /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i>Gatha</i></p><p style="text-align: center;">Ein wertvolles Juwel in deiner Handfläche -</p><p style="text-align: center;">rolle und reibe es spielerisch hin und her.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(Siehe auch: <i>The Mirror of Zen</i>, tr. by Boep Joeng and Hyon Gak, Boston 2006)</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><br /></p><p><br /></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-47480214403160650352024-02-01T19:56:00.002+07:002024-02-01T19:56:00.160+07:00Die Ittô-ryû-Schwertkampfschule<p style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Die Ittô-ryû („Ein-Schwert-Schule“) ist
der Vorläufer zahlreicher Schwertkampfschulen Japans und wurde von Ito Ittôsai
Kagehisa begründet.</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt;">Frage: Was ist die Grundlage unserer Schule?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Antwort: Wie traditionell überliefert wurde, ist die
Basis unserer Schule die Schwerkunst des Verborgenen Schwertes <i>(in-ken).</i>
Verborgen meint das, was keine sichtbare Form hat. Unsere Schule lehrt
Manifestationen der Freiheit, die in Himmel und Erde verborgen ist, was man <i>in-ken</i>
nennt. Dies bedeutet nicht, gewitzt etwas zu verstecken, was eine sichtbare
Form hat. Himmel und Erde denken nicht, sie sind nicht berechnend, und doch
folgen die Jahreszeiten aufeinander und alle Verwandlungen, die damit
einhergehen. <i>In-ken</i> ist im Herzen verborgen, und wenn es die Umstände
erfordern, manifestiert es sich als Wunderbares Schwert <i>(myo-ken).<o:p></o:p></i></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Frage: Sind <i>in-ken</i> und <i>myo-ken</i> einfach
das Herz, oder kommt <i>myo-ken</i> aus <i>in-ken</i>?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Antwort: <i>Myo</i> ist kein subtiles Strategem von
Worten oder Handlungen. Im Buddhismus heißt es: „Die allumfassende Weisheit der
Drei Welten, das Buddha-Bewusstsein, ist eins mit meiner eigenen Essenz.“<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Beim Schwertkampf <i>(ken-jutsu)</i> kann das, was
keine Form hat, nicht <i>myo-ken</i> genannt werden. Die Grundlage unserer
Schule ist das Verborgene Schwert, das Wunderbare Schwert ist also da noch
nicht sichtbar. Erst wenn es hervortritt, kann es wunderbar genannt werden. In
allem gibt es stets den Körper eines Dinges und seine Anwendung oder Funktion. Der
Körper kann mit einer Lampe verglichen werden, die Funktion mit dessen Licht;
in gewisser Weise sind sie eins. In unserer Schule ist der Körper die
Herz-Essenz, und da diese keine Form hat, erscheint sie nicht als Techniken
oder Handlungen. Diese werden dann als die Funktion der Herz-Essenz ‚Wunderbares
Schwert‘ genannt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Zunächst denkt man, Angreifen und Verteidigen seien
zwei. Doch später gibt es kein Unterscheiden und kein Taktieren mehr, keinen
Gedanken an Angriff oder Rückzug, sondern man bewegt sich frei aus der <i>gedan-</i>Position
(mit nach unten zeigendem Schwert) zum Abwehren oder Angreifen und findet so
den Sieg. Die wunderbare Funktion liegt darin, dass aus dem, was keine Form
hat, vollkommene Formen entstehen. Sieh also nicht die Techniken als vorrangig
an.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Eine bestimmte Position (Stand, Blick, Schwerthaltung)
einzunehmen und verlassen zu können ist innere Freiheit. Manche sind jedoch
gefangen in ihrem Stand. In unserer Schule pflegt man den „Stand ohne Stand“,
wir machen keinen Unterschied zwischen Innerem und Äußerem. Wir gewinnen nicht
durch unsere Position, sondern indem wir das erkannte spirituelle Prinzip </span><i style="font-size: 12pt;">(ri)</i><span style="font-size: 12pt;">
angemessen durch Techniken anwenden </span><i style="font-size: 12pt;">(ji).</i><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> Auch wir nehmen einen Stand
ein, haften aber im Geist nicht daran, so dass wir in einer defensiven Haltung
nicht nur defensiv sind und in einer Angriffshaltung nicht einfach nur
attackieren. Geist und Position sind eins, und so kann auf die tausend
Wandlungen frei reagiert werden.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Ein Fehler ist jedoch, zu glauben, das Prinzip käme
zuerst und dann die Technik. Die Inspiration des <i>ri</i> soll spontan sein,
so dass das Schwert ohne Nachdenken agiert. Wir üben, dass das Schwert sich
noch vor dem Körper bewegt. Das Herz ist die Grundlage der Technik, der Körper
die Grundlage fürs Schwert. Die Grundlage unbewegt zu halten und das Instrument
zu bewegen ist der rechte Weg.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span><br /></span></div>
</span>
</span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-67726616935155943772024-01-16T07:21:00.033+07:002024-01-16T07:21:00.216+07:00Der Weg des Shogun: Strategien der Samurai<p></p><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHrVyCGhEyNMn0l2xer7r2mlgQvyt7xVXmQGtadBp87PY3mUy3Ig-yw_kfUZgIBWflyCqtv2VO6seGWyf15xd1Fm1K_5WmUBniLwCuooqE21G-q4LKbGnqP6QtmhXmACaca1r68YFXWP6uf_lgYkuQIBvv3w3mEweOPcFKazQomkGNx38COFEW_PwS5AFv/s500/Cover-Shogun%20klein.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="316" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHrVyCGhEyNMn0l2xer7r2mlgQvyt7xVXmQGtadBp87PY3mUy3Ig-yw_kfUZgIBWflyCqtv2VO6seGWyf15xd1Fm1K_5WmUBniLwCuooqE21G-q4LKbGnqP6QtmhXmACaca1r68YFXWP6uf_lgYkuQIBvv3w3mEweOPcFKazQomkGNx38COFEW_PwS5AFv/s320/Cover-Shogun%20klein.jpg" width="202" /></a></div><p></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.de/Weg-Shogun-Strategien-Samurai/dp/398804007X/angkorverlag-21" target="_blank"> Bestellen (Gebundene Ausgabe, 22 €)</a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Auszug</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif;">Matsura Seizan: Echter Kampf </span></b></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif;">(Shingyoto-ryu)</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Matsura
Seizan (1760-1841) war Lehnsfürst, Essayist und ein bekannter Schwertkämpfer
während der Edo-Zeit in Japan. Er praktizierte den Stil des Shingyoto-ryu.
Seine Enkelin war die Mutter des Kaisers Meiji. Die folgenden Auszüge stammen
aus seinem Werk Joseishi Kendan.</span></i><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif;"> <br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond",serif;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn du ehrlich mit dir bist, wirst du
erkennen, dass es zwei widerstrebende Kräfte in deinem Herzen gibt, sobald du
einem Feind gegenüberstehst: So sehr du ihn auch besiegen möchtest, du hast zugleich
Angst und willst ihn meiden. Darum musst du lernen, deine Angst zu besänftigen,
und deinen Wunsch, ihn zu besiegen, sich frei ausdrücken zu lassen. Es ist
wesentlich, diese Tatsache zu erkennen und so zu üben, dass du deinem Gegner
ohne Zögern begegnen kannst. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Schaue nicht auf das Schwert des Gegners,
wenn du nach ihm schlägst. Dein Geist sollte völlig leer sein. Du musst all
deine Gedanken und Bewertungen ignorieren und so reagieren wie Dynamit, wenn es
entzündet wurde. Vertraue der Macht des Himmels und schlage deinen Feind mit
aller Kraft.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wer der Lehre seines Meisters nicht
vertraut, wird nie tiefes Verständnis erlangen. Das Gleiche gilt für
denjenigen, der jedes Wort seines Meisters glaubt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Gelegentlich magst du einen Kampf mit
unerwarteten Techniken gewinnen. Doch ein Schüler, der die wahre Schwertkampfkunst
versteht, verlässt sich nicht auf so etwas. Es gibt keine mysteriösen
Techniken, die Hände und Füße führen. Der beste Weg, die Wahrheit
herauszufinden, ist, sich in so viele echte Kämpfe zu begeben wie möglich.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn du mit einer Methode versagst, wende
sie nicht wieder an. Im Schwertkampf ist es wichtig, sich an viele Situationen
anpassen zu können. Es gibt gewisse Methoden für gewisse Umstände. Jede
Methode, die du anwendest, muss dir helfen, den Sieg zu erringen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Sei bereit, zurückzuschlagen, wann immer
du angegriffen wirst. Wenn du bei einem Trinkgelage bist oder Musik lauschst,
pass auf, dass dein Feind dich nicht schlafend erwischt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> Mach
dich bereit, ehe du attackierst. Manche denken, der tatsächliche Kampf sei am
wichtigsten, doch es ist tatsächlich die Zeit, bevor du deine Hand ans Schwert
legst.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Selbst wenn dein Gegner ein Adliger oder
Heiliger ist, denke nicht so von ihm. Strecke ihn mit einem Schlag nieder und
denke an nichts anderes. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> Betrachte
den Übungsraum <i>(dojo)</i> als Hinterbühne und die Bühne als wirklichen
Kampf. Einige Schüler glauben, es genüge, im <i>dojo</i> gut abzuschneiden.
Doch in einem wirklichen Kampf wirst du keine zweite Chance erhalten, deine
Fehler auszubügeln.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> Wenn
deine Konzentration darauf fokussiert ist, den Gegner mit einem Schlag
niederzustrecken, wird die Schärfe deiner Attacke selbst im Übungsraum wirken,
als würdest du ein echtes Schwert führen. Ohne diese Schärfe imitierst du nur
die Formen, die du gelernt hast. Das Wichtigste in der Kunst des Schwertkampfes
ist Disziplin. Diszipliniere dich ernsthaft bei deiner täglichen Übung, das ist
der Schlüssel zum Sieg.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 2.85pt 0cm 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn du auf eine Beisetzung gehst, bringst
du deine Trauer zum Ausdruck und lächelst nicht. Ein Krieger zeigt diese Würde,
wenn er seine Rüstung anlegt, und auch ein Adliger diszipliniert sich so, dass
er jederzeit würdevoll wirkt. Schüler der Schwertkampfkunst sollen daran
denken, wenn sie einem Feind gegenüberstehen. Schärfe deinen Geist und demonstriere
deine Würde.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"> </span></p><br /><br />GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-12084219538889176072024-01-01T06:33:00.111+07:002024-01-17T08:42:17.935+07:00Best of 2023<p><span style="font-size: x-small;">Aus alter Tradition ...</span></p><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><br /></p><p><b><u>Film:</u></b></p><p>- <i>Eine Sekunde</i> (2020, Zhang Yimou/MUBI) <br /></p><p>- <i>Der schlimmste Mensch der Welt</i> (2022, Joachim Trier/MUBI)<br /></p><p></p><p>- <i>Dogman</i> (Luc Besson)</p><p><br /></p><p><b><u>YouTube:</u></b></p><p>- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@SabbaticalTommy" target="_blank">Sabbatical</a> (Reise, engl.) </p><p>- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@BangkokPat" target="_blank">Bangkok Pat</a> (Reise, engl.)</p><p>- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/KarateDojowaKu" target="_blank">Karate Dojo waKu</a> (Kampfkunst, mit engl. UT)<br /></p><p>- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@DrBeenMedicalLectures" target="_blank">Dr. Mobeen</a> (Medizin, engl.)<br /></p><p>- <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@Campbellteaching" target="_blank">Dr. Campbell</a> (Medizin, engl.)</p><p> </p><p><b><u>TV: </u></b><br /></p><p></p><p>- <i>Blue Eyed Samurai</i> (Anime/Netflix) </p><p>- <i>Pluto</i> (Anime/Netflix)</p><p>- <i>The Kidnapping Day</i> (Netflix) </p><p>- <i>The Boyz</i> (Amazon Prime)</p><p>- <i>Dr. Brain</i> (Apple TV)<br /></p><p>- <i>Black Bird</i> (Apple TV)</p><p><br /></p><p><b><u>Musik:</u></b></p><p>- Corinne Bailey Rae: <i>Black Rainbows</i> (+ Gesamtwerk)<br /></p><p></p><p>- Amaarae: <i>Fountain Baby</i></p><p>- iri: <i>Private <br /></i></p><p>- Tofubeats: <i>Reflection</i> (2022)</p><p></p><p>- Das leider aufgegebene japanische Elektronikprojekt <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/japanesemusic/comments/15z1bl8/love_to_a_forgotten_band_overrocket/" target="_blank">OVERROCKET</a></p><p> <br /></p><p><b><u>Literatur:</u></b></p><p>- Richard Ford: <i>Valentinstag</i></p><p>- Emily St. John Mandel: <i>Sea of Tranquility</i></p><p></p><p>- Kyozan Joshu Sasaki: <i><a href="https://rinzaiji-press.org/store/Manifesting-Zen-Master-Dharma-Talks-from-Mt-Baldy-p431583181" target="_blank">Manifesting Zen</a></i><br /></p><p> </p><p><br /></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-4570698980839811522023-12-31T06:18:00.000+07:002023-12-31T06:18:00.139+07:00Qinglin Shiqian (?-904)<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Qinglin
war ein Schüler von Dongshan Liangjie.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Qinglin
lebte in einer Hütte auf dem Qingcun-Berg. Nach zehn Jahren fiel ihm plötzlich
etwas ein, was Dongshan zu ihm gesagt hatte, und er sprach: „Ich sollte versuchen, den
zahlreichen unwissenden Wesen zu helfen. Warum sich auf wenige beschränken?“<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dann ging er nach Suizhou, wo man ihn zum
Abt eines Klosters machte.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">***</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Zen-Meister
Qinglin Shiqian sprach in der Vortragshalle: „Das Tor der Patriarchen ist verschleiert und mysteriös. Durch großes Verdienst haben sie es übertragen. Ohne
sorgfältiges Untersuchen ist es sehr schwierig, es zu erkennen. Ihr müsst
jenseits von Geist, Absicht und Bewusstsein meditieren. Wenn ihr den Pfad des
Studiums von ‚heilig‘ und ‚profan‘ verlasst, dann haltet ihr dieses Tor
aufrecht.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">***</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Ein
Mönch fragte: „Der Pfad ist verschlungen und verbogen. Wie steht es mit
plötzlichem Erwachen?“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Qinglin erwiderte: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">„</span>Du wendest dich ab vom
schwarzen Juwel zu deinen Füßen und hin zu einem Himmel, der bis zum Mond mit
Furcht angefüllt ist.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">***</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Ein
Mönch fragte: „Der Schatz des Wahren Dharma-Auges wurde von Patriarch zu
Patriarch übermittelt. Gibt es jemanden, dem der Meister diesen Schatz übertragen kann?“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Qinglin erwiderte: „Es gibt einen Boden, wo
die mystischen Sprossen erblühen. Großes Erwachen hat keinen Lehrer.“</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhdLyVY7nE4LYRHs8Y-yLCvZUNuPmG5fIA24mRwTvCuTxzItfgzCFpJDE6QEI02NQECKx_3KgYsjo-wGPR39SCQ2e90XFxCQzqGraEo7iOft6JnAuROx49zxrbXWXl77Mst7J7myRtKRsenbKQ0pm3XENhrkRdjN2JK6g66Exh7pdcIfeDl97zp7BwSoA=s4000" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2992" data-original-width="4000" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhdLyVY7nE4LYRHs8Y-yLCvZUNuPmG5fIA24mRwTvCuTxzItfgzCFpJDE6QEI02NQECKx_3KgYsjo-wGPR39SCQ2e90XFxCQzqGraEo7iOft6JnAuROx49zxrbXWXl77Mst7J7myRtKRsenbKQ0pm3XENhrkRdjN2JK6g66Exh7pdcIfeDl97zp7BwSoA=s320" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><br /></span><p></p>
GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-63216015040878130662023-12-26T06:30:00.000+07:002023-12-26T06:30:00.142+07:00Qinshan Wensui (?-?)<p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Qinshan
war ein Schüler von Dongshan Liangjie, zu dem er ging, weil ihm Deshan Xuanjian
zu streng war. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Einmal
saßen Qinshan, Yantou und Xuefeng zusammen und Dongshan brachte Tee. Qinshan
schloss die Augen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dongshan fragte: „Wo bist du hin?“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Qingshan sagte: „Ich bin in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">samadhi</i> (Versenkung) eingetreten.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dongshan meinte: „<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Samadhi</i> hat kein Tor, wie konntest du also eintreten?“</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhJb6G0zG-yRM_CKPJnHryPArnkcm0mxXTnVVgIQJo4kGpCBvPUoiDLKYtm5dhyv09qIbCkd8Nj54Ek-GSnaXvEL9YRRvJidRkQoSaBelC9Ya7BS2mdp-xw2ygJ_twXy-S5N2Y-FrLJME89BAyIDv0d-fa9zNnJOr3bAp4zW1TPZ7tVVIN64XoGd6BJDw=s4000" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2992" data-original-width="4000" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhJb6G0zG-yRM_CKPJnHryPArnkcm0mxXTnVVgIQJo4kGpCBvPUoiDLKYtm5dhyv09qIbCkd8Nj54Ek-GSnaXvEL9YRRvJidRkQoSaBelC9Ya7BS2mdp-xw2ygJ_twXy-S5N2Y-FrLJME89BAyIDv0d-fa9zNnJOr3bAp4zW1TPZ7tVVIN64XoGd6BJDw=s320" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><br /> </span><p></p>
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<![endif]--></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-63829400471615259402023-12-24T06:53:00.000+07:002023-12-24T06:53:00.141+07:00Yuezhou Qianfeng (?-?)<p> Yuezhou war ein Schüler von Dongshan Liangjie.</p><p></p><p>Ein Mönch fragte: "Welche Rede geht über Buddhas und Patriarchen hinaus?"</p><p> Yuezhou erwiderte: "Ich frage dich."</p><p> Der Mönch meinte: "Meister, bitte fragt nicht mich!"</p><p> Yuezhou sagte: "Es macht keinen Unterschied, ob ich dich frage. Also: Welche Rede geht über Buddhas und Patriarchen hinaus?"</p><p style="text-align: center;">***</p><p>
</p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Ein
Mönch fragte: „Es gibt Tempel in den zehn Richtungen und einen einzigen Weg zum
Nirwana. Wo fängt dieser Weg an?“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Qianfeng hob seinen Stab, malte damit einen
Kreis in die Luft und sagte: „Genau hier!“ </span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjZKFPP_cDWPIuzjAy7Tz90TH0lwH6ZNRsslxp6_0vY8oHwQ-5KPwPgAt3Nct9ilCqjYtygna7PUs0H7GatQVTzOmHjcrd24i5ZHRPRdcjT_VJKf8tl4XPLejoxYtGOCuIQh9k6FKwJej7y8SbQuHNbXB-fz-rQDor9I7v3NOz7Epj7g0RVNG7f3uWvCA=s3264" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2448" data-original-width="3264" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjZKFPP_cDWPIuzjAy7Tz90TH0lwH6ZNRsslxp6_0vY8oHwQ-5KPwPgAt3Nct9ilCqjYtygna7PUs0H7GatQVTzOmHjcrd24i5ZHRPRdcjT_VJKf8tl4XPLejoxYtGOCuIQh9k6FKwJej7y8SbQuHNbXB-fz-rQDor9I7v3NOz7Epj7g0RVNG7f3uWvCA=s320" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-66836833093600296332023-12-20T10:49:00.000+07:002023-12-20T10:49:00.150+07:00Kampfkunst: 8 Regeln der Oguri-Schule<div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; line-height: 115%;">Die folgenden Regeln der Oguri-Schule stammen aus der Edo-Zeit (19. Jh.). Dieser Stil wurde von Oguri Jinuemon Nobuyoshi
(1589-1661) begründet, der bei einem Schüler Yagyu Munenoris lernte. Mit
einem anderen Mitglied dieser Schule, Surugawa Shinosuke, entwickelte er 45
Jujutsu-Techniken, die <i>Kachuden</i> oder <i>Mushadori</i> genannt werden. Später verband
er damit 27 Schwerttechnicken der Yagyu. In diese Schule ging einst auch der
bekannte Yamaga Soko (1622-1685). Weitere Informationen u.a bei Eric Shahan: A<i> Collection of Curious Jujutsu Manuals</i> (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; line-height: 115%;">2018).</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; line-height: 115%;">*** </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Sprich
nicht beiläufig oderblassend von den Künsten <i>(yawaragei)</i> dieser
Jujutsu-Schule.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Setze
auch keine anderen Kampfkünste herab. Übermäßig stolz auf die eigene Schule zu
sein bringt nur Ärger ein. Anzugeben ist verboten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Wenn
du an anderen Wettbewerben wie dem Sumo teilnimmst, darfst du kein Jujutsu
anwenden. Sei in dieser Hinsicht vorausblickend.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Mit
Leuten aus der Unterwelt gib dich nicht ab. Vergiss nie deine eigene Stellung.
Versuche nicht, deiner Verantwortung zu entkommen oder sie zu verschleiern. Bei
Disputen suche die örtliche Rechtsberatung auf.</span></p>
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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Es
ist unanständig, tötend durch die Gegend zu ziehen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Benimm
dich nicht töricht und habe kein Gefallen an einfachen Ablenkungen. Halte dich von diesen fern und umgib dich mit ehrenhaften Menschen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Nach
dem Training der Kampfkunst nutze deine freie Zeit, um selbst neue Strategien
zu entwickeln. Sei nicht nachlässig.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Jujutsu
lernt man fürs Schlachtfeld. Du willst den Feind niederringen, um noch der
nächsten Generation bekannt zu sein. Deine Taten in einem Kampf werden als
Beispiel für Loyalität und Ehre gelten. Darum sollst du dich von
Vergnügungsvierteln fernhalten. <br /></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDgBxyT-8b4oMOOd01Xs8RKC-ASL-isXu52OTuXEpaYnZUqmDPMVqmEuyiL1DUNw1OM2-eowiU1bIu_wcO-UsFwL2SEQTi_pIClL1cgMS00x0PwGXzlb7ou9jX_1cvdxtZR6n55hIridTT/s1404/Nudelsieb-Griff.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1056" data-original-width="1404" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDgBxyT-8b4oMOOd01Xs8RKC-ASL-isXu52OTuXEpaYnZUqmDPMVqmEuyiL1DUNw1OM2-eowiU1bIu_wcO-UsFwL2SEQTi_pIClL1cgMS00x0PwGXzlb7ou9jX_1cvdxtZR6n55hIridTT/s320/Nudelsieb-Griff.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span face=""Candara","sans-serif"" style="mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Der so genannte Nudelsieb-Griff</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <br /></span></div><div><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> </span></p>
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<![endif]--></div>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-12572138499584201952023-12-01T12:04:00.010+07:002023-12-01T12:04:00.160+07:00"Shaolin ist Chan (Zen), nicht Quan (Faust)": Das Leben des Shaolin-Meisters Suxi<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="400" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8RdOWCXsV9g" title="SHAOLIN MASTER SHI SUXI 释素喜 (1924-2006)" width="803"></iframe><p>
</p><p style="text-align: center;"></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Der
Ehrwürdige Shi Suxi (Shì Sùxǐ </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素喜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Der Shaolin-Altmeister
Shi Suxi (Shì Sùxǐ Zhǎnglǎo </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素喜长老</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) lebte ein langes und bewegtes
Leben. Als der letzte Mönch, der den Tempel vor der Befreiung betrat (Jiěfàng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">解放</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">,
bezieht sich auf den Sieg der Kommunisten über die Nationalisten im Jahr 1949),
ist er ein Bindeglied zu den Lehren der Shaolin-Meister der Qing-Dynastie. Er
erlebte viele Tragödien und Ungerechtigkeiten. Seine Hingabe an den Tempel ließ
ihn jedoch immer in seiner Nähe bleiben, wo er mühsam die Traditionen des
Tempels beschützte und verteidigte, manchmal im Verborgenen. Er steht für „Die
Vereinigung von Chan und Quan“ (Chán
Quán Héyī </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">禅拳合一</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Shi Suxi wurde als Geng
Jinzhu (Gěng Jīnzhù </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">耿金柱</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) am 27. September 1924 des
chinesischen Mondkalenders in einer sehr armen Bauernfamilie in einem kleinen
Dorf außerhalb von Dengfeng (Dēngfēng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">登封</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
in der zentralchinesischen Provinz Henan (Hénánshěng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">河南省</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), geboren, nicht weit vom Shaolin-Kloster entfernt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Ein halbes Jahr nach
seiner Geburt verstarb seine Mutter. Er wurde von seinem Vater, einem
Buchhändler, aufgezogen, der ein sehr gutes Verhältnis zu den Mönchen des
Shaolin-Klosters hatte und von ihnen oft Hilfe erhielt, wenn er in Not war.
Doch in einem schrecklichen Winter, als Geng Jinzhu elf Jahre alt war, erfror
sein Vater in einer Grashütte. Daraufhin schloss sich Jinzhu seinen Cousins an,
die um Essen bettelten. Oft schikaniert und gedemütigt, hatten sie keine andere
Wahl.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Zu dieser Zeit gab es
einen Mönchsmeister aus Shaolin mit dem Dharma-Namen Shi Zhenxu (Shì Zhēnxù </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">),
der durch das Dorf reiste, um den Buddha-Dharma zu lehren (fófǎ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">佛法</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">).
Mehrere Dorfbewohner, die mit Geng Jinzhus Situation vertraut waren, erzählten
dem Meister seine Geschichte, woraufhin er um Papier und einen Pinsel bat und
dem Jungen die folgende Notiz hinterließ: „Trotz deiner armen Familie hast du
ein großes Ziel, strebst du so hoch wie der Himmel. In einem Moment der
plötzlichen Erleuchtung wirst du von deiner Krankheit genesen. Mit Myriaden von
Wesen in deinem Herzen, wirst du ein Buddha der Shaolin werden.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Als er mit dem
Schreiben fertig war, verabschiedete sich Meister Zhenxu gut gelaunt. Der junge
Jinzhu stürmte aus seinem Haus, um den Meister einzuholen, aber zu seiner
Überraschung bewegte sich der Meister so schnell, als würde er fliegen. In
einem Wimpernschlag war er bereits mehrere hundert Schritte entfernt.
Angesichts des verblassenden Bildes von Meister Zhenxu seufzte Jinzhu: „Shaolin
Gongfu, das ist wirklich erstaunlich!“ (Shàolín Gōngfu, guǒrán lìhai </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林功 夫</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">, <span lang="EN-US">果然厉害</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Daraufhin eilte Jinzhu
zum Shaolin-Kloster, um den Meister zu suchen. Bei seiner Ankunft fand er
Meister Zhenxu in der Gästehalle wartend. Dann entdeckte er, dass links an der
Wand ein Gedicht hing, das lautete: „Im 17. Jahr griffen Regenstürme an, Dämonen
und Geister brachten die Welt in Aufruhr, die prächtigen Hallen wurden durch
das Feuer des Kriegsherrn zerstört, alle Mönche waren verärgert: Der Platz für
die Dharma-Praxis war verloren.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Das Gedicht handelt von
der Verbrennung des Shaolin-Klosters im Jahr 1928 (17. Jahr der Republik China)
durch den Kriegsherrn Shi Yousan (Shí Yǒusān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">石友三</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">). Meister Zhenxu erkannte, dass Jinzhu dies verstand,
und prüfte ihn, indem er ihn ein vierzeiliges Gedicht als Antwort verfassen
ließ. Jinzhu platzte sofort damit heraus: „Das Reine Land wurde von Dämonen
zertrampelt und beschmutzt, die Vergeltung für Wohltaten wie Böses wird früher
oder später kommen, wildes Feuer kann wahres Chan nicht zerstören, nächstes
Jahr werden die Tempelhallen noch glänzender sein.“ Meister Zhenxu war erstaunt
über die Worte des jungen Mannes und nahm ihn in den Tempel auf.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Als Geng Jinzhu elf
Jahre alt war, hatte er bereits beide Eltern verloren und war ein Bettler
geworden. Doch aufgrund der buddhistischen Hingabe seiner Eltern und der engen
Beziehung zu den Shaolin-Mönchen, die der Familie freundlicherweise beistanden,
glaubte er schon früh an Buddha. Ganz natürlich landete er im Shaolin-Kloster
und trat 1936 im Alter von zwölf Jahren in den Tempel ein. Meister Zhenxu
ordinierte ihn später als jungen Novizenmönch (xiǎoshāmí </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小沙弥</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) und gab ihm in der 30. Generation den
Shaolin-Dharma-Namen Shi Suxi, was „Einfaches Glück“ bedeutet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Jahr 1942 wurde er
im Alter von achtzehn Jahren in die Stadt Xi’an in der Provinz Shanxi (Shǎnxīshěng
Xī'ānshì </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陕西省西安市</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) geschickt, um die vollständigen
Bhikshu-Gelübde (jùzújiè </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">具足戒</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
und die Ordination im Daxingshan-Kloster (Dàxīngshànsì </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大兴善寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) zu erhalten. Danach kehrte er ins Shaolin-Kloster
zurück, um sein buddhistisches Studium und seine Praxis fortzusetzen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Zu dieser Zeit war es
seine Pflicht, Holz zu hacken, Wasser zu holen und verschiedene Aufgaben rund
um den Tempel zu erledigen. Meister Zhenxu beobachtete den jungen Suxi bei
seiner täglichen Arbeit. Ihm fiel die natürliche Geduld auf, mit der er jede Aufgabe
erledigte, sowie sein gutmütiges Verhalten und sein freundlicher Umgang mit
anderen. Daraufhin beschloss er, ihn in den Kriegskünsten der Shaolin (Shàolín
Wǔgōng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) zu unterrichten. Tatsächlich
mochten ihn viele der Mönche in Shaolin so sehr, dass sie oft miteinander um
die Chance kämpften, ihr Wissen an ihn weiterzugeben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Der Ehrwürdige Suxi
wurde zu einer lebenden Enzyklopädie, die das Shaolin <i>Wugong </i>(Kampfkunst)
der Meister der Qing-Dynastie erbte. Sein Wissen umfasste zahlreiche Bewegungsfolgen
mit leeren Händen und Waffen sowie seltenere Shaolin-Künste wie das Drücken der
Vitalpunkte mit den Fingern (diǎnxué </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">点穴</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">).
Er war auch der letzte Mönch der älteren Generationen, der die Kunst des <i>Arhat-</i>Rosenkranzes
(Luóhàn Fózhūgōng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">罗汉佛珠功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) beherrschte. Seine große
Entschlossenheit in Studium und Praxis über die Jahrzehnte hinweg brachte ihm
den Spitznamen „Shaolin Box-König“ (Shàolín Quánwáng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林拳王</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) ein.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Zwischen 1960 und 1962
war der Ehrwürdige Suxi die Nummer eins der buddhistischen Studenten in China
und wurde ausgewählt, in Peking an der Buddhistischen Hochschule (Běijīng
Fóxuéyuàn </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">北京佛学院</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) zu studieren. Nach seinem
Abschluss kehrte er ins Shaolin-Kloster zurück, wo er Meister des <i>Wugong</i>-Drills
(wǔgōng jiàotóu </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功教头</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) wurde. Die ganze Zeit über
dürstete er nach Wissen, um Shaolin <i>Wugong</i> weiterzuentwickeln. Er lud
viele chinesische Kampfkunstmeister (quánshī </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">拳师</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
verschiedener Stile ein, um ihre Fähigkeiten zu teilen und zu vergleichen und
die Shaolin-Kultur (Shàolín Wénhuà </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林文化</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
zu entwickeln und zu verbreiten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Kein Hindernis hat ihn
jemals von seiner Praxis abgehalten. In Bezug auf das traditionelle Training
sagte er: „Das Boxen verlässt die Faust nicht, der Stock verlässt den Körper
nicht. Die Praxis der Kriegerethik steht an erster Stelle. Fürchte dich nicht
davor, angegriffen zu werden. Begrüße einen Angreifer mit einem lächelnden
Gesicht, Ein guter Meister führt in die Ethik des Kriegers ein. Harte Disziplin
bringt immer einen Experten hervor.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Dezember 1944 wurden
japanische Truppen in Dengfeng stationiert und sperrten alle Zufahrtsstraßen
zur Stadt ab. Auch das Shaolin-Kloster wurde von dem Terror erfasst. Der
japanische Hauptmann führte mehrmals dreißig Soldaten in den Tempel, um die
Mönche zu schikanieren, Kulturgüter zu stehlen und die buddhistischen Statuen
zu zerstören.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Zu dieser Zeit waren
die antijapanischen Soldaten von General Pi Dingjun (Pí Dìngjūn Jiāngjūn </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">皮定钧将军</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) in der Nähe. Er schickte das Parteimitglied Wei Nianming
(Wéi Niànmíng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">韦念銘</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), getarnt als Lehrer, der vorgeblich
eine Schule eröffne, zur Stationierung zu den Shaolin.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Februar des
folgenden Jahres, als die Shaolin-Mönche in der Halle der Tausend Buddhas (Qiánfódiàn
</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">千佛殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) ihren morgendlichen Ritualen nachgingen,
brach die japanische Armee mit mehr als sechzig Mann von der Stadt aus auf, um
den Tempel einzukreisen und zu zerstören.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Das kommunistische
Parteimitglied Wei Nianming erholte sich im Tempel von einer Krankheit. Der Ehrwürdige
Suxi trug ihn auf seinem Rücken, um mit den anderen Mönchen auf einen
Berggipfel zu fliehen, wo er sich verstecken konnte; er bemerkte, dass die
feindlichen Soldaten sie bereits vollständig umzingelt hatten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Wei Nianming gab dem Ehrwürdigen
Suxi seine Pistole und befahl ihm, Widerstand zu leisten. Suxi nahm die
Pistole, stellte sich auf die Spitze des Gipfels und gab drei Schüsse in die
Schlucht ab. Sofort begannen die anderen Mönche, Steine den Berg
hinunterzuwerfen, so dass sich die Japaner zurückzogen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">In den Jahren 1959 und
1961 herrschte in Dengfeng eine dreijährige Dürre. Da sie nichts zu essen
hatten, kehrten viele Mönche ins weltliche Leben zurück. Nur der Ehrwürdige
Suxi und sechzehn weitere Mönche blieben zurück, um über den Tempel zu wachen.
Als sich die Situation durch die Dürre verschlimmerte, verließen die Mönche
einer nach dem anderen den Tempel. Hätten der Ehrwürdige Suxi und ein paar
andere dies ebenfalls getan, wäre Shaolin möglicherweise damals untergegangen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">In der Zeit der
Kulturrevolution (Wénhuà Dàgémìng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">文化大革命</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">,
1966-1976) kamen viele Rotgardisten (Hóngwèibīng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">红卫兵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) in den Tempel, um die buddhistischen Statuen zu
zerstören und die Sutren zu verbrennen. Der Ehrwürdige Suxi galt als
Großgrundbesitzer (dàdìzhǔ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大地</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft YaHei";">
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft YaHei";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">主</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
und wurde daher fast jeden Tag herausgeholt, um von den Roten Garden für seine „Verbrechen“
öffentlich kritisiert und gedemütigt (pīdòu </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">批斗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
zu werden.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Einmal waren es sogar junge
Schülerinnen, die den Ehrwürdigen Suxi zur öffentlichen Denunziation
herauszogen, um seine „Verbrechen“ zu beweisen. Sie schlugen ihn, bis er Schnittwunden
und blaue Flecken hatte, aber der „Shaolin Box-König“ nutzte nie seine
Fähigkeiten, um sich gegen ihre Angriffe zu wehren. Stattdessen ertrug er die
Behandlung in aller Ruhe, bis er sich in der Toilette verstecken konnte und die
Roten Garden weiterzogen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Während dieser Zeit
kamen viele kleine Kinder in den Tempel und spielten herum, wobei sie die
Wandmalereien und Statuen mit Steinen und Stöcken beschädigten. Der Ehrwürdige
Suxi bedeckte die Wände und Statuen mit seinem Körper, um sie vor den Angriffen
zu schützen. Natürlich wurde er von den fliegenden Steinen getroffen und mit
den Stöcken geschlagen, aber er beschützte das Abbild des Buddha, wie es seine Pflicht
war.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Später fragten ihn
einige Leute, warum er seine <i>Wugong</i>-Fähigkeit nicht einsetzte, um sich
zu wehren oder die Rotgardisten und Kinder zu bedrohen. Er sagte: „Erstens: Sie
sind Kinder und unvernünftig. Zweitens: Unser <i>Wugong</i> dient dazu, den
Körper zu stärken und gesund zu halten, Tugend zu entwickeln und das Böse zu
disziplinieren. Drittens: Ein Buddhist sollte den Menschen mit Toleranz
begegnen.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Um die Kulturgüter vor
zukünftiger Beschädigung und Verlust zu schützen, half der Ehrwürdige Suxi dem
damaligen Ehrenabt des Shaolin-Klosters, dem Ehrwürdigen Shi Dechan (Shì Déchán
</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德禅</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), bei der Verteilung eines Teils
der Sutras und der Inschriftentafeln an die Mönche und trug ihnen auf, diese
vollständig auswendig zu lernen, bis hin zu dem kalligrafischen Stil, in dem
sie geschrieben waren, und inklusive der Jahreszahlen. Alles musste genau
auswendig gelernt werden. Auf diese Weise würden die Schriften später restauriert
werden können. Nach dem Rezitieren und Auswendiglernen vergruben die Mönche die
Texte und Statuen unter der Erde.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">All die
Ungerechtigkeiten, die der Ehrwürdige Suxi erlebte, lehrten ihn etwas, das er
oft wiederholte: „Duldsamkeit ist wie eine Jackfrucht“ (rěn rǔ bōluómì </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">忍辱菠萝蜜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">). Wenn du dich in Geduld übst, wirst du nach dem
Ereignis feststellen, dass es so ist, als würdest du die süßeste Frucht der
Welt essen, die Jackfrucht.“</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Während seines Lebens
im Shaolin-Kloster, vor und nach der Befreiung, trat der Ehrwürdige Suxi
insgesamt fünf Mal als Abt des Tempels auf. Das Amt des Abtes in solchen Zeiten
des Aufruhrs war schwierig, besonders als er älter und zunehmend schwächer
wurde. Als Leiter des Tempels musste er während der Kulturrevolution viele
öffentliche Demütigungen ertragen. Doch er beklagte sich nie. Er blieb immer
aufrecht. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">In der Zeit der großen
Dürre war es seine Pflicht, nicht fortzugehen, während viele andere ins
weltliche Leben zurückkehrten. Da sie nichts zu essen hatten, führte er die
verbliebenen Mönche dazu, das Land zwischen dem Tempel und dem Pagodenwald (Tǎlín
</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">塔林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) zu bewirtschaften, so dass sie in
Shaolin bleiben, den Tempel schützen und sich selbst versorgen konnten. Er
lehrte sie, essbare Kräuter und Baumrinde zu finden. Manchmal wäre er fast
verhungert, weil er seine Nahrung an andere verschenkte. Seine meditativen
Chan-Kenntnisse halfen ihm jedoch, die anderen Mönche zu leiten und diese
Entbehrungen zu überstehen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Als sich Shaolin gerade
zu erholen begann, wurde der Ehrwürdige Suxi zum vierten Mal Interims-Abt. Die
Regierung hatte 1974 begonnen, den Wiederaufbau zu unterstützen, aber der
Prozess ging nur langsam voran. Shi Xingzheng (Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), der 29. Abt des Shaolin-Klosters, war nach Peking
gereist. Am ersten Tag, an dem er den Tempel leitete, führte der Ehrwürdige
Suxi die Mönche sogleich beim Wiederaufbau des Tempels an.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Jahr 1990 übernahm
er zum fünften Mal die Leitung des Klosters.<a href="#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></span></span></span></a> Zu diesem Zeitpunkt hatten
sich das Tempelleben und das Studium bereits normalisiert, aber der
Wiederaufbau des Tempels war ein einziges Chaos. Er begann mit der Arbeit an
der Dharma-Halle (Fǎtáng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">法堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">),
den Glocken- und Trommeltürmen (Zhōng Gǔlóu </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">钟鼓楼</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), der Aushärtung des Pflasters im Tempel und der
Restaurierung der übrigen Gebäude der Tempelanlage.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Was die Geschichte vom
Ehrwürdigen Suxi noch viel inspirierender macht, ist die Tatsache, dass er bei
all dem Chaos, das er erlebte, auch mit einer körperlichen Krankheit zu kämpfen
hatte. Im sehr jungen Alter von dreißig Jahren hatte er einen Schlaganfall
erlitten. Später wurde bei ihm die Parkinson-Krankheit diagnostiziert. Im Jahr
1983, als er sich dem 60. Lebensjahr näherte, begann er zu erkranken und verlor
einige Bewegungen und die Koordination in seinen Beinen und Füßen, aber er
blieb bei seiner Praxis des Shaolin-Boxens und tat sich sogar mit dem Ehrwürdigen
Dechan und anderen in der „Gruppe für die Ausgrabung und Systematisierung der
Shaolin-Kampfkünste“ (Shàolín Wǔshù Wājué Zhěnglǐ Xiǎozǔ </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林武术挖掘整理小组</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) zusam-men. Als Leiter grub er einst
verloren geglaubte Dokumente traditioneller Shaolin <i>Wugong</i>-Fertigkeiten
aus, sammelte und ordnete sie, einschließlich Boxmethoden und Bewegungsabfolgen.
Anschließend stellte er sie in Publikationen wie den „Geheimen Überlieferungen
des Shaolin-Boxens“ (Shàolín Quánshù Mìchuán </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林拳术秘 </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span lang="EN-US">传</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) zusammen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">1987 verstarb der
Shaolin-Abt Shi Xingzheng. Sechs Jahre später, im Jahr 1993, verstarb der
Ehrenabt Shi Dechan. Zu dieser Zeit hatte das Shaolin-Kloster eine Regulierungskommission
(Guǎnlǐ Wěiyuán Huì </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">管理委员会</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) eingerichtet, die der Ehrwürdige
Suxi leiten sollte. In den 90er Jahren begann sich sein Gesundheitszustand
jedoch zu verschlechtern und er musste zurücktreten. Seine Parkinson-Krankheit
war fortgeschritten. Er verlor die Kontrolle über seinen rechten Arm und hatte
Probleme mit der Sprache. Doch als ob keine äußeren Faktoren seinen Geist
beeinträchtigen könnten, lebte er weiter in „einfachem Glück“, wie sein
Dharma-Name lautet, begrüßte diese aggressive Krankheit mit einem lächelnden
Gesicht und behandelte die Welt mit Toleranz, Freundlichkeit und Mitgefühl.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Laufe der Jahre nahm
der Ehrwürdige Suxi viele Menschen als weltliche Schüler der Shaolin-Tradition
auf. Es heißt, dass er insgesamt über 30.000 Schüler aus allen Provinzen Chinas
und der ganzen Welt hatte. Zu seinen engsten Mönchsschülern gehört Meister Shi
Deyang (Shì Déyáng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德扬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), der der erste unter ihnen war.
Die großen und fähigen Meister Shi Deqian (Shì Déqián </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德虔</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), Shi Dejian (Shì Déjiàn </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德建</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) und Shi Deru (Shì Dérú </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德如</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) sind ebenfalls Älteste der Familie.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">In den frühen Jahren
des 21. Jahrhunderts reiste der Ehrwürdige Suxi zusammen mit seinem wichtigsten
Schüler, Meister Deyang, und etwa zwanzig Kriegermönchen (wǔsēng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武僧</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
in die Provinz Fujian (Fújiànshěng </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">福建省</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">),
um das südliche Shaolin-Kloster in Putian (Pútián Nánshàolínsì </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">莆田南少林寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">) wieder zu begründen. Dieser Tempel wurde zur zweiten
Heimat des Ehrwürdigen Suxi. Dank seiner großen Verdienste ist das Südliche
Shaolin-Kloster in Putian heute voll funktionsfähig und die Mönche führen die
kulturellen Traditionen der Shaolin weiter.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Jahr 2002 errichtete
das Shaolin-Kloster unter der Leitung seiner Schüler eine Pagode im
Shaolin-Pagodenwald für ihn. Es ist eine große Ehre für einen Mönch, wenn für
ihn zu Lebzeiten eine Pagode gebaut wird. Es geschah zum ersten Mal seit über zweihundert
Jahren. Die Pagode zeigt die vielen Epochen der Weltgeschichte, die er
durchlebt hat, darunter Bilder von Zügen, Flugzeugen, Booten, Autos, Camcordern
und Computern. Es gibt auch eine Steintafel mit den Namen seiner engsten
Schüler und den Namen einiger ihrer Schüler, die die Verbreitung des Dharma
durch seine Nachkommenschaft bis heute zeigt. Der Pagodenwald ist ein
Kulturerbe. Die Pagode des Ehrwürdigen Suxi wird die letzte sein, die man
betreten kann.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Im Jahr 2004 gab es im
Shaolin-Kloster eine große Feier zu des Ehrwürdigen Suxis achtzigstem
Geburtstag. Es wimmelte nur so von Mönchen, Schülern und Laien aus der ganzen
Welt, die das Leben dieses Mannes feierten, obwohl er sich nur als gewöhnlichen
buddhistischen Mönch sah und alles, was er getan hatte, als seine Pflicht. Bei
der Feier wurden den Gästen seltene Mönchstaschen, eine DVD über sein Leben und
sein Vermächtnis sowie eine Miniaturnachbildung seiner Pagode überreicht.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Der Ehrwürdige Suxi
half, die „Drei Schätze“ (Shàolín Sānbǎo </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林三宝</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">), d. h. Chan-Buddhismus, <i>Wugong</i> und
traditionelle Medizin (Chán, Wǔ, Yī </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">禅武医</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">)
zu erhalten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Am 9. Februar 2006 des
chinesischen Mondkalenders verstarb der Ehrwürdige Suxi mit zweiundachtzig
Jahren, nach siebzig Jahren im Dienste der Shaolin. Worte können das Ausmaß
seines Beitrags für die Shaolin und die Welt nicht ausdrücken. Sein Vermächtnis
lebt in denjenigen weiter, die sich ernsthaft darin üben, seine Lehren ohne
Unterlass aufrechtzuerhalten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">Vor seinem Tod besuchte
ihn der derzeitige Abt von Shaolin, der Ehrwürdige Shi Yongxin (Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">). Als er Yongxins Hand hielt, wiederholte der
Ehrwürdige diese Worte, die seine letzte Ermahnung an uns alle sind: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">„Shaolin
ist Chan, nicht Quan.“</span></i></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">(Shàolín shì Chán, bùshì Quán </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林是禅不是拳</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">).</span></p>
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;"><br clear="all" />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<p class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="#_ednref1" name="_edn1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[i]</span></span></span></span> Diese etwas hagiographische
Beschreibung des Lebens Suxis deckt sich nicht genau mit anderen Abts-Chroniken
des Tempels.</span></p><p class="MsoEndnoteText" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt;">Quelle: <a href="http://shaolinchancity.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Shaolin Chan City</a> (Le Fujun) <br /></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-70256896183124501212023-11-16T12:29:00.007+07:002023-11-16T12:29:00.142+07:00Die Geschichte des Shaolin-Tempels III (1849-2014)<div class="separator" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; clear: both; color: #292929; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s445/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" style="background: transparent; color: #25a186; cursor: pointer; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration: none;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="313" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s320/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" style="border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%;" width="225" /></a></div><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #292929; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></p><p style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: #292929; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: center; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://www.amazon.de/Lebe-wie-ein-Shaolin-Kampfkunst/dp/3988040029/angkorverlag-21/" style="background: transparent; color: #25a186; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Bestellen (15 €)</a></p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-historical-timeline.html" target="_blank">[Auf Grundlage der englischen Version</a>
(http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-historical-timeline.html)
unter Berücksichtigung von Annalen des Shaolin-Tempels selbst
entstanden.]</span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> <br /></span></p><p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1849 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Lín Qìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">麟慶</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verfasst einen schriftlichen Bericht über seinen
Besuch bei den Shaolin im Jahr 1828. Sein Bericht wird in diesem Jahr
veröffentlicht, zusammen mit einer Holzschnitt-Illustration, die Shaolin-Mönche
beim Üben von waffenlosen Kampftechniken zeigt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1850</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Mönche des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bezirks Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封縣</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> treffen
sich mit Sī Déwǔ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">司德武</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und geloben, die Shǎoyáng-Brücke </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少阳桥</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wieder
aufzubauen. Dieses Projekt benötigt drei Jahre bis zur Fertigstellung.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1854</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wáng Zǔyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王祖源</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) kommt ins Shaolin-Kloster, um </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yijin_Jing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yì Jīn Jīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">易筋经</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
studieren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1855</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wáng Zǔyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王祖源</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verfasst das „Interne Leistungsdiagramm“ (</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">内功图说</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1862</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">März <br />
Die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nian_Rebellion" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Niǎn-Rebellion </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">捻军西征</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> dringt in
den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreis Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封縣</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ein. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">September <br />
Die Niǎn-Rebellion dringt zum zweiten Mal in den Kreis Dēngfēng vor.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1893</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zhōu Yuánzhāo </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周元钊</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) leitet die Bemühungen um die Renovierung der
Tausend-Buddha-Halle </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">千佛殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1907</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">10. August</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-photographs-predate-1928.html" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sieben Fotos</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> werden von
dem französischen Sinologen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Chavannes" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Émmanuel-Édouard Chavannes</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
aufgenommen. Es könnten die ersten Fotos sein, die jemals vom Shaolin-Tempel
gemacht wurden.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1911</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mit dem Niedergang der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Qīng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">清朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
verschlechtert sich auch die soziale Ordnung. Banditenschwärme tauchen auf und
plündern die Bevölkerung aus. Als Reaktion darauf gründet das Shaolin-Kloster
das Sicherheitskorps des Shaolin-Tempels (Shàolín Sì Bǎowèi Tuán </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林寺保卫团</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Abt Hénglín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">恒林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als
Regimentskommandeur. Das Shaolin Security Corps bekämpft die Banditen und
verteidigt nicht nur den Tempel, sondern auch die umliegenden Dörfer
erfolgreich.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1912</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Qīng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">清朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> wird in
der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinhai_Revolution" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xīnhài-Revolution </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">辛亥革命</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gestürzt
und die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Republik China </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中華民國</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gegründet.
Der erste Präsident der Republik ist </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sūn Zhōngshān </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">孫中山</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1914</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">August <br />
Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird im Dorf Liú </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘庄村</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) in der Stadt Chéngguān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">城关镇</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreis Dēngfēng </span></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">geboren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1916</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wáng Yúnhuá </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王云华</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) leitet die Bemühungen zur Renovierung der Jǐn Nà Luō
Wáng-Halle </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">紧那罗王殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1920</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) kam im Alter von sechs Jahren zum Shaolin-Tempel. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Japanische Touristen besuchten und fotografierten das
Shaolin-Kloster. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-photographs-predate-1928.html#Japanese Photos" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Diese Fotos</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> sind
unglaublich wertvoll, denn sie dokumentieren den Shaolin-Tempel vor der
Zerstörung im Jahr 1928. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1923</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Hénglín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">恒林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verstirbt. Sein Schüler Miàoxìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">妙兴</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) folgt
Hénglín als Abt und Oberbefehlshaber des Sicherheitskorps des Shaolin-Tempels
(Shàolín Sì Bǎowèi Tuán </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林寺保卫团</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Peifu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wú Pèifú </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">吴佩孚</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> nimmt die Hilfe des Sicherheitskorps des
Shaolin-Tempels in Anspruch.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1925</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sūn Zhōngshāns </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">孫中山</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">) </span></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuomintang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guómíndǎng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">國民黨</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> errichtet
eine rivalisierende Regierung in der südlichen Stadt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangzhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guǎngzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">广州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Zusammen
mit der noch jungen Kommunistischen Partei Chinas übernimmt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">General Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蔣中正</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> die
Führung von Guómíndǎng.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1926</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">15. Juli</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">General Jiǎng Zhōngzhèngs </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蔣中正</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">) </span></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuomintang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guómíndǎng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">國民黨</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> beginnen
die militärische </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Expedition" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Expedition des Nordens </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">国民革命军北伐</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, um die
Machtbasis der Warlords in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nordchina </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
zerstören und die Zentralregierung in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Běijīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">北京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu stürzen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">September <br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Yuxiang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Féng Yùxiáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">冯玉祥</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Peifu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wú Pèifú </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">吴佩孚</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> sind verbündete Kriegsherren gewesen. Dann verläßt
Féng Yùxiáng Wú Pèifú in einem entscheidenden Moment auf dem Schlachtfeld. Féng
Yùxiáng wird nun zum eingeschworenen Feind von Wú Pèifú. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Féng Yùxiáng wechselt die Seiten und läuft von den
nördlichen Kriegsherren über. Mit seinen Truppen wird Féng Yùxiáng sofort in
die Reihen der Guómíndǎng aufgenommen und gegen seine früheren Verbündeten
eingesetzt. Daraufhin verbündetesich Wú Pèifú mit </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Zuolin" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhāng Zuòlín (</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">张作霖</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und
beabsichtigt, Féng Yùxiáng anzugreifen. Die Offensive von Zhāng Zuòlín wird
jedoch von den Truppen von Guómíndǎng zurückgeschlagen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1927</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Frühling<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Yuxiang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Féng Yùxiáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">冯玉祥</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> sichert
sich die Kontrolle über </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xī’an </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">西安</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, bevor er sich mit den Truppen von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuomintang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guómíndǎng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">國民黨</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> trifft, um
die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
einzunehmen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Um den Frieden und die Harmonie des Shaolin-Klosters
zu sichern, beschließt Abt Miàoxìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">妙兴</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) freiwillig, sich mit </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Peifu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kriegsherr Wú Pèifú </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">吴佩孚</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
verbünden. Es ist eine praktische Antwort, um gegen die Invasion der Guómíndǎng
vorzugehen. Daher befördert Wú Pèifú Miàoxìng sofort zum Regimentskommandeur
(Tuán Zhǎng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">团长</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) des 1.
Regiments und erhält den Befehl, seine Männer nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhèngzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">郑州市</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und dann
in den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuyang_County" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreis Wǔyáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">舞阳县</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
verlegen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 6. März führt Miàoxìng das 1. Regiment auf eine
Expedition in den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuyang_County" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreis Wǔyáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">舞阳县</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. In der
Schlacht gegen Rèn Yīngqí </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">任应岐</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) erleidet Miàoxìng eine Schussverletzung. An den
Folgen der Verletzung verstirbt Miàoxìng im Alter von 36 Jahren. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Juni <br />
Nachdem Miàoxìng von seinen Schülern identifiziert worden ist, werden seine
sterblichen Überreste ins Shaolin-Kloster zurückgebracht. Miàoxìng wird in
Tǎlín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">塔林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) neben
seinem Meister Hénglín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">恒林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) <br />
beigesetzt. Der Mönch Chúnpú </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">淳朴</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als Abt des Shaolin-Tempels. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann in diesem Jahr vertreibt Féng Yùxiáng, ein
gläubiger Christ, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönche und Nonnen aus den
Tempeln in der Provinz Hénán. Er verwandelt den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daxiangguo_Temple" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dàxiāngguó-Tempel </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">大相国寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in einen Marktplatz.
Dies ist Teil seiner provinzweiten Politik zur Verfolgung buddhistischer
Tempel, bei der diese gewaltsam aufgekauft und in Schulen, Armenhäuser,
Bibliotheken oder Orte der Unterhaltung umgewandelt werden. Féng Yùxiángs
antibuddhistische Politik wird von der republikanischen Regierung so
wohlwollend betrachtet, dass sie im ganzen Land ähnliche Kampagnen gegen den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> startet. Dies führt unweigerlich zu einem
systematischen Niedergang des Buddhismus in ganz </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1928</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann vor März rettet der dreizehnjährige Shì Xíngzhèng
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) viele Bücher und Sutren in der Bibliothek des
Shaolin-Tempels vor der Zerstörung, indem er sie unter der Erde vergräbt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">März <br />
Fán Zhōngxiù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">樊鐘秀</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein begeisterter Militärführer </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuomintang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">der Guómíndǎng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">國民黨</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, ist mit
dem Shaolin-Tempel befreundet. Tatsächlich ist Fán Zhōngxiù ein Laienschüler
des ehemaligen Abtes Hénglín <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">恒林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) gewesen. Fán Zhōngxiù ist in
Gebiete der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
eingedrungen, die unter der Kontrolle von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Yuxiang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Féng Yùxiáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">冯玉祥</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> stehen.
Fán Zhōngxiù manövriert die Guómíndǎng-Truppen von Féng Yùxiáng in der Provinz
Hénán aus und übernimmt die Kontrolle über die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gongyi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreise Gǒngyì</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanshi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yǎnshī</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Dies führt dazu, dass zwei Guómíndǎng-Armeen
gegeneinander um die Vorherrschaft in der Provinz Hénán kämpfen. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi_Yousan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shí Yǒusān </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">石友三</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, ein
Untergebener von Féng Yùxiáng, erobert den Kreis Gǒngyì und den Kreis Yǎnshī
zurück. Shí Yŏusān ist in der Geschichte bekannt für seine Doppelzüngigkeit und
seine Fähigkeit, die Seiten zu wechseln, wann immer es ihm passt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Fán Zhōngxiù wendet sich nach Süden, erobert den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreis Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封縣</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und
richtet seine Kommandozentrale im Shaolin-Tempel selbst ein. Shí Yŏusān
verfolgt seine Armee nach Süden, um Fán Zhōngxiù und seine Truppen aus dem
Gebiet zu vertreiben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">15. März</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Bei seiner Ankunft im Shaolin-Kloster trifft Shí
Yǒusān auf eine Gruppe bewaffneter Shaolin-Mönche, die in militärischer
Formation ihren Tempel verteidigen. Féng Yùxiáng interpretiert diese Situation
so, dass die Shaolin-Mönche gegen ihn Partei ergreifen. Daher befiehlt Féng
Yùxiáng Shí Yŏusān, die Mönche zu töten und das Kloster niederzubrennen, weil
sie es gewagt haben, sich seiner politischen und militärischen Macht zu
widersetzen. In der darauffolgenden Schlacht kommen etwa 200 Mönche ums Leben
und viele der wertvollsten Reliquien der Shaolin werden geplündert. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 16. März übernehmen Féng Yùxiáng und Shí Yǒusān die
vollständige Kontrolle über den Kreis Dēngfēng. Der Brigadekommandeur Sū Míngqǐ
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">苏明启</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) befiehlt einem Unteroffizier, seine Männer das
Shaolin-Kloster mit Kerosin übergießen zu lassen. Die Halle der Himmlischen
Könige </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">天王殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der
Glockenturm </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">钟楼</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der Trommelturm </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鼓楼</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die Halle Jǐn Nà Luó </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">紧那罗殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die
Halle der Sechs Patriarchen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">六祖堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die Küche des Duftspeichers </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">香积厨</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der
Lagerraum </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">库房</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Die östlichen und westlichen Meditationshallen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">东西禅堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die
Halle des Großen Heldenschatzes </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大雄宝殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der Kaiser-Qiánlóng-Pavillon </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">乾隆帝亭</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die
Dharma-Halle </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">法堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und das Quartier des Abtes </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">方丈室</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) werden
alle in Brand gesetzt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Tempel brennt vierzig Tage lang. Etwa neunzig
Prozent der alten Texte des Shaolin-Tempels werden zu Asche, darunter 5.480
Bände wertvoller </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischer</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Schriften, das erhaltene </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripi%E1%B9%ADaka" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tripitaka</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/12/shaolin-monastery-annals.html" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">"Shaolin-Tempel-Annalen" </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林寺志</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, Texte,
die die Geschichte des Shaolin-Klosters selbst verzeichnen, sehr seltene Texte,
die verschiedene Kampfkunststile und verwandte Themen beschreiben, die sowohl
innerhalb als auch außerhalb des Shaolin-Tempels praktiziert werden. Viele
Steinschnitzereien und Statuen werden zerstört. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann nach März kämpfen Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì
Zhēnsù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞素</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Shì Wànhéng (</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋萬恒</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) mit den wenigen verbliebenen Shaolin-Mönchen um die
Rettung von Artefakten und die Wiederherstellung der Ordnung, und Shì Wànhéng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋萬恒</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bemüht
sich um die Rettung von Artefakten und die Wiederherstellung der Ordnung nach
den Verwüstungen durch das Feuer. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">10. Oktober</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Zentralregierung in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Běijīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">北京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> wird
gestürzt. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蔣中正</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> setzt eine
neue nationalistische Regierung in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nánjīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">南京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ein. Später bricht er die Beziehungen zur
Kommunistischen Partei Chinas ab und vertreibt sie aus dem Guómíndǎng. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1930</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach der Überlieferung von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shorinji_Kempo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shōrinji Kempō </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林寺拳法</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> kam </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doshin_So" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sō Dōshin </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">宗道臣</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in den
Shaolin-Tempel, um Wǔgōng zu lernen. Aktuelle Forschungen, historische
Aufzeichnungen und Gerichtsdokumente scheinen jedoch darauf hinzuweisen, dass
weder Sō Dōshin noch Shōrinji Kempō trotz gegenteiliger Behauptungen irgendeine
legitime Verbindung zum Shaolin-Kloster oder zum Shaolin-Wǔgōng haben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1931</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Im Alter von acht Jahren verlässt Shì Sùyún </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素云</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) aufgrund
einer Hungersnot seine Heimatstadt und kommt ins Shaolin-Kloster. Er hilft beim
Wiederaufbau des Tempels und arbeitet hart daran, das authentische </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
erhalten. Er lernt sowohl von den überlebenden Mönchen des Tempels als auch von
weltlichen Meistern außerhalb des Tempels. Sùyún ist bekannt für seine
Beherrschung von Xiǎo Hóng Quán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小洪拳</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Tóngzǐ Gōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">童子功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Sùyún praktiziert auch
Xīnyìbǎ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">心意把</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), wofür er
mehrere Quellen hat, darunter Xinyiba im Dēngfēng-Stil.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1933</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) schickt Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zum </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guiyuan_Temple" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guīyuán-Tempel </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">归元寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wǔhàn City </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">武汉市</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, um den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán-Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu studieren </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">禅佛教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1936</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann in diesem Jahr kehrt Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) vom </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guiyuan_Temple" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guīyuán-Tempel </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">归元寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuhan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Stadt Wǔhàn </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">zum Shaolin-Kloster zurück. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Im Alter von zwölf Jahren tritt Shì Sùxǐ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素喜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) als
Schüler des Abtes Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) in das Shaolin-Kloster ein. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Oktober <br />
Bei einem Besuch des Shaolin-Tempels ist Präsident </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蔣中正</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> von den
Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)-Demonstrationen
der Krieger-Mönche begeistert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1941</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Tempelmönche gründen die Shaolin-Mittelschule </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林中学</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zur
Vermittlung von Wissen und Kampfkünsten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1944</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Japanische Truppen fallen in die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">ein. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Shaolin-Kloster wird ständig von den Invasoren angegriffen. Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì
Zhēnsù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞素</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì Wànhéng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">釋萬恒</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì Sùdiǎn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素典</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und die anderen Mönche, die im Kloster wohnen,
beschützen sorgfältig die Reliquien des Shaolin-Tempels und hüten den Dharma.
Während eines Angriffs fallen Shì Xíngzhèng, als er Texte aus der Bibliothek
holt, Trümmer ins linke Auge und verursachen eine dauerhafte Erblindung.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1949</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zieht sich von seinem Amt als Abt des
Shaolin-Klosters zurück. Die im Tempel lebenden Mönche wählen Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zum Abt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1954 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird eingeladen, an der ersten Sitzung der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhistischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Vereinigung der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
teilzunehmen, und anschließend zum Direktor der Vereinigung gewählt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1955</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ehemaliger Abt des Shaolin-Klosters, verstirbt im
Alter von 62 Jahren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1963</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">20. Juni</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Volkskomitee der Provinz </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hénán</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">erklärt das
Shaolin-Kloster zur geschützten Kulturgüterstätte der Provinz.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1966</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> leidet unter einer schrecklichen Hungersnot, die
dreißig Millionen Menschenleben fordert, und unter der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kulturrevolution</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Den offiziellen
Aufzeichnungen des Shaolin-Tempels zufolge bleiben dreizehn Mönche während der
Kulturrevolution bei den Shaolin. Unter ihnen ist der Abt Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der das
Land bewirtschaftet, um Lebensmittel für sich und den Shaolin-Tempel anzubauen.
Er stellt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dòufu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">豆腐</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> her und verkauft es in den umliegenden Städten, um
das Kloster zu unterstützen. Shì Xíngzhèng ist in dieser Zeit gezwungen,
normale Kleidung zu tragen und sich häufig zu bewegen, um der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Guards" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Roten Garde</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu entgehen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Während dieser schwierigen Zeit kämpfen auch viele
andere darum, das Erbe der Shaolin zu schützen. Die unbesungenen Helden sind
die tapferen Bürger der nächstgelegenen Siedlung von Shaolin, der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Stadt Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封市</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Tausende
von weltlichen Praktizierenden leben auch in der Umgebung von Shaolin.<br />
Viele von ihnen, die umgangssprachlich als „Volksmeister“ bezeichnet werden,
stammen aus Kampfsportfamilien, auf die Generationen von
Shaolin-Praktizierenden einwirkten. Großmeister Chén Tóngshān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈同山</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) ist einer
der bedeutendsten Volksmeister der Shaolin. Viele Amerikaner kennen ihn
vielleicht als den Vater von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Chen" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shì Xiǎolóng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">释小龙</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, dem
Kinderschauspieler aus Shaolin, der Mitte der neunziger Jahre in Film und
Fernsehen zu großem Ruhm gelangte. Chéns kämpferische Familie ist für den
Erhalt der Shaolin von der Mitte bis zum Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts entscheidend.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein weiterer bedeutender Volksmeister ist Hǎo Shìzhāi </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">郝释斋</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Die
Familie Hǎo </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">郝</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) ist die
reichste in Dàjīndiàn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大金店</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Da sie viel Land besitzt, hilft die Familie Chén </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bei der
Bewirtschaftung des Landes. Die Familien kommen sich sehr nahe. Die Familien
Hǎo und Chén bilden sogar eine private Miliz zum Schutz von Dàjīndiàn.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Während der Kulturrevolution bittet Shì Xíngzhèng die
Familie Hǎo, Tausende von Shaolin-Schätzen zu verstecken, darunter
buddhistische Sutren, esoterische Shaolin-Kampfkunstbücher, medizinische
Abhandlungen, Statuen von Bodhidharma und Jinnaluo, religiöse Artefakte,
offizielle Siegel und geschnitzte Couplet-Zeichen. Die Familie Hao bewahrt
diese Schätze auf ihrem Grundstück sicher auf. Hǎo Shìzhāi nutzt den Vorteil,
Hüter all dieser Bücher zu sein, studiert sie und prägt sich ihre Weisheit ein.
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Hǎo bringt seine Familie nach Shaolin, um bei der
Kultivierung des Landes zu helfen. Er schickt viele seiner besten Schüler zu
den Shaolin und die Shaolin schicken viele neue Mönche zu Hǎo, um das
traditionelle </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
bewahren. Shì Sùxǐ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素喜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) studiert mehrere Jahre lang bei Hǎo. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1969-1973</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach dem Ende der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kulturrevolution</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> fällt die Verwaltung des
Shaolin-Klosters in den Zuständigkeitsbereich einer winzigen Abteilung, die als
Institut zur Bewahrung von Kulturgütern (Wénwù Bǎoguǎn Suǒ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">文物保管所</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bekannt ist, einer vernachlässigten Abteilung des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dēngfēng</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">-Büros für Kulturerbe. Unter dieser Leitung ist es den
Shaolin untersagt, regelmäßige religiöse Aktivitäten durchzuführen.
Infolgedessen ist Shaolin nicht in der Lage, die grundlegenden
Lebenshaltungskosten zu bestreiten. Wann immer es Hǎo Shìzhāi </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">郝释斋</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) gelingt,
zusätzliches Geld zu sparen, spendet er es an Shì Xíngzhèng, der sich für die
Wiedererlangung des Rechts der Shaolin auf religiöse Aktivitäten einsetzt. Mit
der Unterstützung von Shìzhāi kämpft Shì Xíngzhèng hart für die
Wiederherstellung der Shaolin-Tradition. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1974</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mit einer Änderung der nationalen Politik in Bezug auf
die Außenbeziehungen wird der Shaolin-Tempel offiziell für Touristen geöffnet.
Die Regierung beginnt mit der Unterstützung der Restaurierung des
Shaolin-Klosters. Dieser Prozess verläuft jedoch recht langsam.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1975</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Bergtor (Shānmén </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">山门</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) des Shaolin-Tempels wird renoviert. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die ersten Eintrittskarten für die Besichtigung des
Shaolin-Klosters werden vom Institut zur Erhaltung der Kulturgüter (Wénwù
Bǎoguǎn Suǒ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">文物保管所</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verkauft,
einer vernachlässigten Abteilung des Amtes für kulturelles Erbe in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1976</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach dem Tod von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Zedong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Máo Zédōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">毛泽东</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> reist Abt
Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) mehrmals nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Běijīng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und spricht vor Regierungsbeamten. Während der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kulturrevolution</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> sind alle Religionen verboten
worden, doch er versucht, den Standpunkt der Regierung zu ändern, indem er
argumentiert, der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> enthalte Philosophie und Wissen, daher sei er nicht
schlecht für das chinesische Volk. Er spricht oft zu ihnen und hilft damit
nicht nur dem Buddhismus und dem </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoismus </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">道教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, sondern
allen Religionen. 1978 lenkt die Regierung ein und akzeptiert die „Freiheit des
religiösen Glaubens“ (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">"</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗教信仰自由</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">"). Was auch immer die Menschen glauben wollen,
sie sollen frei sein, dies zu tun.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1979</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doshin_So" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sō Dōshin </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">宗道臣</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, der
Gründer von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shorinji_Kempo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shōrinji Kempō </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林寺拳法</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in Japan,
pilgert zum Shaolin-Tempel, um eine Stele zu errichten. Er glaubt, dass Shaolin
Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) der
Ursprung aller in Japan existierenden </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenp%C5%8D" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kenpō </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">拳法</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ist. Doshin ist sehr beeindruckt, als er die
Wandmalereien der Halle des weißen Gewandes </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">白衣殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) sieht. Der Stil der Wǔgōng
praktizierenden Mönche ist für ihn sehr frisch und lebendig.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br />
Der Besuch von Doshin ist eine historische Geste der internationalen Einheit
und soll die kämpferische Brüderlichkeit fördern, zumal die Beziehungen
zwischen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Japan</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> noch immer durch den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zweiten Chinesisch-Japanischen Krieg</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> angespannt
sind. Zu Ehren von Doshins Besuch demonstriert der Onkel von Großmeister Chén
Tóngshān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈同山</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) neben den berühmten Volksmeistern Liáng Yǐquán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁以全</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Liú
Bǎoshān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘宝山</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Fertigkeiten des Shaolin Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Später werden
die Familien Chén </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Liang </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Liu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) als die „großen Drei“ bekannt. Das heißt, sie werden
die größten und einflussreichsten </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Akademien
im </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreis Dēngfēng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Doshin ist von der Ausstellung so beeindruckt, dass er
eine Spende anbietet, um die Restaurierung der Shaolin zu finanzieren. Das
Angebot wird höflich abgelehnt, wahrscheinlich aus Gründen des Ansehens.
Doshins Angebot veranlasst jedoch Regierungsbeamte, die Restaurierung des
Shaolin-Klosters zu finanzieren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1982</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Film „</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Temple_(1982_film)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Temple</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">“, in dem </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wǔshù</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">-Champion </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Li" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jet Li</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> seine erste Rolle spielt, kommt heraus. Der Film, der
vor Ort gedreht wurde, handelt vom Shaolin-Kloster und stellt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> dar. Es ist
die erste Hongkong-Produktion, die auf dem </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">chinesischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Festland
gedreht wird </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Der Film
macht Jet Li zu einem internationalen Star und Shaolin zu einem weltweit
bekannten Namen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Plötzlich pilgern Scharen von Menschen aus China und
dem Ausland zu den Shaolin. Der rasante Anstieg der Touristeneinnahmen, der
durch diese Aktivität ausgelöst wird, bleibt den Regierungsbeamten nicht
verborgen. Aus Gründen des Ansehens und des finanziellen Gewinns halten es die
Regierungsbeamten für klug, das weitere Wachstum und den Wohlstand des
Shaolin-Klosters zu fördern. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1983</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Staatsrat erklärt den Shaolin-Tempel zu einem der
wichtigsten nationalen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Tempel. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zusammen mit Shì Déchán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德禅</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Shì Sùxǐ
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素喜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und anderen gründet Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) die „Shaolin
Monastery Martial Arts Excavation and Reorganization Group“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林寺武术挖掘整理小组</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Mönch
Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als stellvertretender Vorsitzender der Gruppe.
Diese Ausgrabungs- und Reorganisationsgruppe gräbt buchstäblich die Bücher und
Sutren aus, die Shì Xíngzhèng 1928 vergraben hatte, und sammelt und ordnet sie.
Viele der wiedergefundenen Texte enthalten traditionelle Shaolin Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)-Techniken,
einschließlich Boxmethoden </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">拳法</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Serien </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">套路</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Diese werden zusammengestellt und als „Geheime
Übertragungen des Shaolin-Boxens“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林拳术秘传</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) veröffentlicht.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1984</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Demokratische Management-Komitee des Shaolin Tempels
(Shàolín Sì Mínzhǔ Guǎnlǐ Wěiyuánhuì </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林寺民主管理委员会</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird
gegründet. Diesem Komitee gehören die ehrwürdigen Meister Shì Sùxǐ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素喜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Shì
Sùyún </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释素云</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) an, zwei ältere und hoch angesehene Mönche. Sie
gehören zu den vierzehn Mönchen, die nach der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kulturrevolution</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in den Tempel zurückkehrten,
um die Shaolin-Tradition wiederherzustellen. Sùxǐ und Sùyún traten in den
frühen 1900er Jahren in das Shaolin-Kloster ein und studierten bei Mönchen,
deren Meister vor 1900 lebten, insbesondere bei dem ehemaligen Abt Shì Zhēnxù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释贞绪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 1. April wird die Verwaltungsbefugnis über das
Shaolin-Kloster von der Zuständigkeit einer winzigen Abteilung, die als
Institut zur Bewahrung von Kulturgütern (Wénwù Bǎoguǎn Suǒ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">文物保管所</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), eine vernachlässigte Abteilung des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dēngfēng</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">-Büros fürs Kulturerbe, bekannt ist, an die
Tempelmönche zurückgegeben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1986</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Oktober </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Ehrwürdige Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird als
erster offizieller Abt des Shaolin-Klosters seit Bǐàn Hǎikuān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彼岸海宽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) vor mehr
als 300 Jahren eingeweiht. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">13. Dezember</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Von der Regierung beauftragte Bautrupps beginnen mit
umfangreichen Renovierungsarbeiten am Shaolin-Tempel. Daraufhin tritt Xíngzhèng
von seinem Amt zurück und ernennt Shì Déchán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释德禅</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zum
Ehrenabt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1987</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Anfang dieses Jahres gründet Shì Xíngzhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释行正</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) das „Shaolin
Wǔshù Team“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林武术僧队</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), um das </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu beerben
und zu fördern. Mönch Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als Leiter des Shaolin Wǔshù Teams.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">27. August </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der ehrwürdige Abt Shì Xíngzhèng verstirbt im Alter
von 73 Jahren und wird in Tǎlín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">塔林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) beigesetzt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1988</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Februar </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Rote Kreuz von Shaolin wird gegründet, um kranken
Menschen vor Ort zu helfen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Juni <br />
Das „Shaolin Wǔshù Team“ wird in „Shaolin Gōngfū Mönchskorps“ umbenannt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林功夫僧团</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Seine
Funktion konzentriert sich nun auf die Aufführung von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> mit dem
Ziel, die traditionelle Gōngfū- sowie die authentische Shaolin </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">禅</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">-Kultur zu verbreiten. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Oktober <br />
Das Institut für Kalligraphie und Kunst der Shaolin wird gegründet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1990</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">27. Dezember</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Auf Einladung der Japan Martial Arts Association führt
Mönch Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) eine Delegation von Kriegermönchen auf eine
kulturelle Reise nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tokio</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyoto" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kyoto</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Osaka</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yokohama" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yokohama</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Die Delegation gibt mehr als zehn
Shaolin-Wushu-Vorführungen bei japanischen Fernsehsendern, südkoreanischen
Schulen und der Kyoritsu-Universität in Tokio. Beim Besuch des Dharma-Tempels
in Kyoto entdeckt Yǒngxìn einige Fotos des Shaolin-Klosters. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-photographs-predate-1928.html#Japanese Photos" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Diese Fotos wurden von japanischen
Besuchern im Jahr 1920 aufgenommen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Sie sind unglaublich
wertvoll, denn sie dokumentieren den Shaolin-Tempel vor der Zerstörung im Jahr
1928. In der Folge werden die Fotos reproduziert und als Grundlage für die
Wiederherstellung des historischen Erscheinungsbildes des Shaolin-Klosters
verwendet. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1992</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">April <br />
In Begleitung von Regierungsbeamten der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengzhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Stadt Zhèngzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">郑州市</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
der Laienbuddhist </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhào Pǔchū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">赵朴初</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, Präsident
der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_Association_of_China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chinesischen Buddhismus-Vereinigung </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国佛教协会</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, den Shaolin-Tempel und wird von allen Mönchen
herzlich empfangen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1993</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Im Februar führt Mönch Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) eine
buddhistische Kulturdelegation des Shaolin-Tempels nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táiwān </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">台湾</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Es ist das erste Mal, dass eine buddhistische
Delegation vom </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">chinesischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Festland </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Táiwān
besucht, nachdem die Buddhisten auf beiden Seiten der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwan_Strait" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táiwān-Meerenge</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> vierzig Jahre lang getrennt
waren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">30. April</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Shaolin Wohltätigkeits- und Wohlfahrtsstiftung </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林慈善福利基金会</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird
gegründet. Die Stiftung führt aktiv Armuts- und Katastrophenhilfe-Kampagnen
durch, darunter Wohltätigkeitsveranstaltungen, um Spenden für das „Projekt
Hoffnung“ zu sammeln, die Gründung des Shaolin-Kinderheims, um Tausende von
Waisenkindern zu betreuen, die regelmäßige Unterstützung unterprivilegierter
Kinder beim Schulbesuch, das Bohren von Tiefbrunnen für Dörfer, die Wasser
benötigen, die Lieferung von Lebensmitteln an verarmte Dörfer ethnischer
Minderheiten, die Bereitstellung medizinischer Einrichtungen für bedürftige
ländliche Krankenhäuser, die Organisation freiwilliger medizinischer Teams, die
durch die Provinz reisen, um Bedürftige zu versorgen und zu behandeln, die
Bereitstellung finanzieller Unterstützung für akademische Organisationen und die
Bereitstellung von Hilfsgeldern und -materialien für Flutkatastrophengebiete.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1995</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 3. September findet im Shaolin-Kloster eine
Zeremonie zum 1500-jährigen Bestehen des Tempels des Tempels ab. Zur Feier
dieses Jahrestages gibt das staatliche Postamt Gedenkbriefmarken heraus. Eine
Sammlung von Aufsätzen mit dem Titel „China Sōng Mountain Shaolin Temple 1500th
Anniversary International Academic Seminar Proceedings“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">中国嵩山少林寺建寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1500</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周年国际学术研讨会论文集</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird vom Religious Culture Publishing House
veröffentlicht.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1996</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">20. November</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Erste Patriarchentempel (Chū Zǔ Ān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">初祖庵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und der Pagodenwald (Tǎlín </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">塔林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) des Shaolin-Klosters werden in die Liste der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_Historical_and_Cultural_Site_Protected_at_the_National_Level" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">wichtigsten nationalen Kulturgüter</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
aufgenommen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1997</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die offizielle Website des Shaolin-Tempels </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://www.shaolin.org.cn/en/" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">www.shaolin.org.cn)
wird eingerichtet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1998</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">18. Januar</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird zum
Abgeordneten des neunten </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nationalen Volkskongresses</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gewählt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Im Juni wird die „Hénán Shaolin Temple Industrial
Development Company Limited“ (</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">河南少林实业发展有限公司</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
gegründet, um das geistige Eigentum des Shaolin-Klosters zu schützen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1999</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">19. und 20. August:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Shì Yǒngxìn (</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird offiziell in sein Amt als Abt des
Shaolin-Tempels eingeführt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann in diesem Jahr gründet Shì Yǒngxìn das
Shaolin Culture Research Institute mit dem Ziel, die akademische Forschung zur
Shaolin-Kultur voranzutreiben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2001</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">28. März</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die offizielle Website des Shaolin-Tempels </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://www.shaolin.org.cn/en/" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">www.shaolin.org.cn)
wird komplett überarbeitet. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Vom 16. bis 21. September nimmt Abt Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) an der 7.
Nationalen Konferenz der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhist_Association_of_China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China Buddhism Association </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国佛教协会</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> teil. Auf der Konferenz wird Abt Shì Yǒngxìn zum
stellvertretenden Vorsitzenden der Chinesischen Buddhismus-Vereinigung gewählt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">12. Oktober</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yicheng_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yīchéng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">一诚</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, Vorsitzender der Chinesischen
Buddhismus-Vereinigung, besucht das Shaolin-Kloster.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2002<br />
April </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Shaolin Verlagshaus wird gegründet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Juni <br />
Zum Schutz des Shaolin Kungfu, das seit 1500 Jahren von Generationen von Shaolin-Mönchen
weitergegeben wird, leitet Abt Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) das
Antragsverfahren für die Anerkennung als „Meisterwerk des mündlichen und
immateriellen Erbes der Menschheit“ durch die UNESCO ein.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2003<br />
9. Januar</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Shì Yǒngxìn wird zum Abgeordneten des zehnten
Nationalen Volkskongresses gewählt.<br />
Vom 09. bis 12. April findet im Shaolin-Tempel das „Internationale Shaolin Kungfu-Seminar“
statt, das vom Shaolin-Tempel, der Akademie der Künste Chinas und der Regierung
der Stadt Dengfeng organisiert wird.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2004<br />
Februar <br />
Umfassende Renovierungsarbeiten im Shaolin-Kloster beginnen, davon betroffen
sind u.a. die Kinnara-Halle, die Chan-Halle, die Manjusri-Halle, die
Chuipu-Halle, die Halle der sechs Patriarchen, der Empfangsraum, die
Samantabhadra-Halle, der Komplex der ständigen Residenz und so weiter. Durch
diese Maßnahmen wird das ursprüngliche Aussehen des alten, in einem abgelegenen
Berg versteckten Tempels wiederhergestellt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">21. März</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Eine Delegation des Shaolin-Tempels unter der Leitung
des ehrwürdigen Abtes Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird vom kalifornischen Parlament mit der Ausrufung
des „Songshan Shaolin-Tempel-Tages“ geehrt. Im Anschluss daran findet im
Masonic Auditorium in San Francisco eine große Shaolin-Kungfu-Vorführung der
Shaolin-Kungfu-Mönche statt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann in diesem Jahr hat der Shaolin-Tempel das
Shaolin-Apotheken-Büro wiederbelebt. Er gründet auch die Shaolin Yaoju Company
Limited, eine Forschungseinrichtung zur Rettung und zum Schutz der
medizinischen Kultur der Shaolin.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2005<br />
Irgendwann in diesem Jahr wird der Bau einer Chan-Halle vorgeschlagen und in
Angriff genommen, um die traditionelle Praxis der Chan-Meditation
wiederherzustellen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">November <br />
Shaolin Kungfu wird von der UNESCO als „N</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;">ational
Representative Work of Human Oral and Intangible Heritage</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">“
aufgenommen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2006<br />
Irgendwann in diesem Jahr veröffentlicht der chinesische Staatsrat die erste
Liste des immateriellen Kulturerbes auf staatlicher Ebene, darunter auch
Shaolin Kung Fu.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">16. Mai </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">„Shaolin Kungfu“ vom Shaolin-Verlag veröffentlicht.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2007<br />
23. Mai</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Große Zeremonie der Chán-Musik der Shaolin im
Shaolin-Tempel unter dem Vorsitz von Abt Shì Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und den
Meistern, die zur Zeremonie der Gebotsübertragung kommen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">24. Mai</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Shaolin Tempel hält die Zeremonie zur Übertragung
der Gebote für über 600 Mönche auf der neu errichteten Plattform zur
Übertragung der drei Gebote ab.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">24. Dezember</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Gesamtprogramm des „Songshan Ancient Architectural
Complex Application for World Cultural Heritage“ (Antrag auf Aufnahme in die
Liste des Weltkulturerbes) wird ins Leben gerufen, wobei die Hauptarbeiten die
Restaurierung und Erhaltung des Wohnkomplexes, des Tempels des Ersten Patriarchen
(Chū Zǔ Ān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">初祖庵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), des
Pagodenwaldes und die Verbesserung der Umgebung <br />
umfassen.<br />
Ab Ende des Jahres wird die offizielle Website des Shaolin-Tempels </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://www.shaolin.org.cn/en/" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">www.shaolin.org.cn)
überarbeitet.<br />
<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>2009<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Am 17. März erkundet die
Generaldirektorin und Beraterin der UNESCO den Shaolin-Tempel und sieht sich
die Vorführung von Shaolin Kungfu an, die zum nationalen immateriellen
Kulturerbe zählt. Sie unternimmt auch eine Inspektionstour durch den
Shaolin-Wohnkomplex und den Pagodenwald.<br />
2009<br />
Im März reist eine Shaolin-Kulturdelegation unter der Leitung von Abt Shì
Yǒngxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释永信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) nach Kalifornien, um den 5. „Songshan
Shaolin-Tempel-Tag“ zu begehen. Die Shaolin-Kultur wird in der amerikanischen
Mehrheitsgesellschaft begrüßt und anerkannt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 2. Mai wird die Shaolin-Weihrauch-Halle gebaut,
eine weitere Dharma-Stätte des Tempels. Durch die 1500-jährige Entwicklung des
Shaolin-Tempels verkörpert sie die Essenz der Shaolin Kungfu Chán-Kultur,
besitzt die Merkmale der traditionellen chinesischen Räuchermedizin und ist
somit ein weiterer Aspekt der Shaolin-Kultur. In der Shaolin-Räucherhalle
wurden verschiedene Arten von Räucherstäbchen angeboten, wie „Chán-Herz“, „Chán-Geist“,
„Chán-Wind“, „Chán Charme usw.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">18. Mai</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Unter der Leitung von Abt Shì Yǒngxìn nimmt eine
Gruppe von Shaolin-Kungfu-Erben am Internationalen UNESCO-Festival der
kulturellen Vielfalt in Paris teil und führt Shaolin-Kungfu auf.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2010<br />
20. April – 20. Mai</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Shaolin-Tempel hält die große Zeremonie zur
Übermittlung der Drei Gebote ab.<br />
<br />
10. März</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die offizielle Website des Shaolin-Tempels </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://www.shaolin.org.cn/en/" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">www.shaolin.org.cn)
wird komplett überarbeitet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1. August</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Shaolin-Tempel wird in die Liste des
UNESCO-Weltkulturerbes aufgenommen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2011</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 25. Mai schenkt das Shaolin-Kloster Bücher über </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaolin_Kung_Fu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shaolin Gōngfū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林功夫</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und die
traditionelle Shaolin-Medizin (Yī </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">醫</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) an die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Library of Congress</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C." target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Washington</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Abt Shì Yǒngxìn nimmt an der Zeremonie in der
Bibliothek teil. Die Bücher stammen aus alten Manuskripten aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Míng-Dynastie <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">明朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Qīng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">清朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. In der
Zeremonie erklärt Yǒngxìn, dass viele der alten Manuskripte des Shaolin-Tempels
bei der Zerstörung im Jahr 1928 vernichtet wurden, aber der Shaolin-Tempel
bemühe sich um den Wiederaufbau seiner Bibliothek und habe es geschafft, 3.600
alte Bücher zu retten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 27. Juli erhält das Shaolin-Kloster von der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_of_China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bank of China </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国银行</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">,
Zweigstelle </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hénán, </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ein Darlehen in
Höhe von 100 Millionen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_(currency)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yuán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">元</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> für drei Jahre. Mit diesen Geldern wird die
Restaurierung der Tempelgebäude in ihrem früheren Glanz finanziert.</span></p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2014</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach Angaben des Shaolin-Klosters besuchen jährlich
etwa 1,5 Millionen Menschen den Tempel, was zu Einnahmen allein aus dem Verkauf
von Eintrittskarten in Höhe von etwa 150 Millionen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_(currency)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yuán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">元</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> , das entspricht im Jahr 2023 etwa 18 Millionen Euro,
führt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-73324341417516259242023-11-01T12:24:00.004+07:002023-11-06T22:20:59.168+07:00Die Geschichte des Shaolin-Tempels II (625-1828)<p style="text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s445/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="313" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s320/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" width="225" /></a></p><p></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.de/Lebe-wie-ein-Shaolin-Kampfkunst/dp/3988040029/angkorverlag-21/" target="_blank">Bestellen (15 €)</a></p><p style="text-align: center;">
</p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-historical-timeline.html" target="_blank">[Auf Grundlage der englischen Version</a>
(http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-historical-timeline.html)
unter Berücksichtigung von Annalen des Shaolin-Tempels selbst
entstanden.]</span> <br /></p><p>6<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">25</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">27. Februar</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fürst Lǐ Shìmín </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erlässt ein kaiserliches
Edikt, das dem Shaolin-Kloster die Getreidemühle und etwa 40 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Area" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">qǐng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Land in der
Zypressental-Anlage (Bǎi Gǔ Zhuāng </span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">柏谷庄</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">zurückgibt. Darüber hinaus wird dem Shaolin-Tempel
gestattet, eine Truppe von 500 Mönchsoldaten auszubilden und zu unterhalten.
Außerdem wird nicht weniger als drei Mönchen die Ernennung zu offiziellen
Positionen angeboten. Allerdings nimmt nur ein Mönch ein Amt an. Die anderen ziehen
es vor, dem </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Weg zu folgen und
Gottesdienste abzuhalten, um sich für diese Gunst des Staates zu revanchieren. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Einigen Berichten zufolge finanziert und errichtet die
kaiserliche Regierung ständige Wohnquartiere, um die Mönchskrieger
unterzubringen. Außerdem wird behauptet, dass dem Tempel 100 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasaya_(clothing)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">jiāshā </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">袈裟</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> geschenkt
wurden. Darüber hinaus wird behauptet, dass die Shaolin-Mönche in Bezug auf die
traditionellen buddhistischen Speisevorschriften besondere Vergünstigungen
erhalten. Zuverlässige historische Beweise für solche Behauptungen sind jedoch
eher fraglich.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Unabhängig davon, welche Gaben gewährt werden oder
nicht, begründet das Shaolin-Kloster zu diesem Zeitpunkt seinen ehrenvollen Ruf
als der beste aller Tempel unter dem Himmel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">626</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das zum Shaolin-Tempel gehörende Zypressental-Anlage ist
Gegenstand eines Rechtsstreits, bei dem es um seine Größe, 40 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Area" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">oder 100 qǐng, und seinen
rechtlichen Status, die Einstufung als „persönliches Anteilsland“ oder „ständiges
Klostergut“, geht.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">632</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">20. Juni</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein offizielles Schreiben, unterzeichnet vom
Vizemagistrat des Bezirks </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, bestätigt
den rechtmäßigen Anspruch des Shaolin-Klosters auf 40 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Area" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">qǐng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Land.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">645</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">6. Februar</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach seiner Rückkehr aus Indien wird der Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Xuanzang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xuánzàng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">玄奘</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Lǐ Shìmín </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">李世民</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">唐朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu einem
Gespräch vorgeladen. Tief beeindruckt von der gründlichen Kenntnis des Mönchs
über fremde Länder, schlägt Lǐ Shìmín vor, Xuánzàng in die kaiserliche
Verwaltung aufzunehmen. Xuánzàng lehnt höflich ab. Stattdessen bittet Xuánzàng
um einen Auftrag zur Übersetzung </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischer</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Schriften im Shaolin-Kloster,
das in der Nähe seines Heimatdorfes liegt. Der Kaiser lehnt Xuánzàngs Ersuchen
ab, da er den bedeutenden Mönch in seiner Nähe behalten will.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>657</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">20. September </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Xuanzang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xuánzàng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">玄奘</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> bittet den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Gāozōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">高宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">唐朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> um einen
Auftrag zur Übersetzung </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischer</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Schriften im Shaolin-Tempel,
der an sein Heimatdorf angrenzt. Xuánzàngs Bitte wird vom Kaiser abgelehnt, der
den bedeutenden Mönch in der Nähe behalten will.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">672</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">3. Oktober</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Gāozōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">高宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">唐朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel, beschriftet eine Tafel mit den goldenen Zeichen „Vollkommenheit
der transzendenten Weisheit“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">金字般若碑</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und macht
weitere Geschenke.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">682</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Gāozōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">高宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verleiht
dem Shaolin-Kloster das Schriftzeichen Fēi </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">飞</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), das in die Tempelwand eingeschrieben wird.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">683</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fǎrú </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">法如</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> wohnt im
Shaolin-Kloster und trägt dazu bei, das Kloster bekannt zu machen. Fǎrú bleibt
bis zu seinem Tod sechs Jahre später. In dieser Zeit wird das Shaolin-Kloster
zum Epizentrum des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán-Buddhismus </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">禅佛教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">25. September</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Zetian" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserin Wǔ Zétiān </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">武则天</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">schenkt dem Tempel Gold, Seide
und andere Güter. Außerdem lässt Wǔ Zétiān zu Ehren ihrer verstorbenen Mutter
eine Stele in Shaolin errichten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">684</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Gaozong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Gāozōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">高宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verstirbt
und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Zetian" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserin Wǔ Zétiān</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel, um wohltätige und verdienstvolle Taten für ihn zu
vollbringen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">686</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fǎrú </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">predigt den Mönchen auf deren Bitte hin die Lehren des
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">禅</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">689</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fǎrú </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">verstirbt im Alter von 52 Jahren. Ihm zu Ehren wird
eine Pagode errichtet, deren Epitaph an den Erfolg von Fǎrús Pionierarbeit
erinnert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">692</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Zetian" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserin Wǔ Zétiān </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">lässt die
mehrteiligen Statuen der Bodhisattvas und Tempellöwen aus dem Shaolin-Kloster
zur Verehrung in den kaiserlichen Palast bringen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">695</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Zetian" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserin Wǔ Zétiān </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">gewährt dem
Shaolin-Tempel Geld für die Renovierung.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">696</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Shaolin-Kloster errichtet im Tempel des Zweiten
Patriarchen (Èr Zǔ Ān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">二祖庵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) Pagoden für </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Zetian" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserin Wǔ Zétiān </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und ihren
Sohn, den Erben des kaiserlichen Throns, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Ruizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Li Dan </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">睿宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">700</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Auf Bitten des Abtes Yìjiǎng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">义奖</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">werden die im kaiserlichen Palast aufbewahrten Statuen
dem Shaolin-Kloster zurückgegeben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">704</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 7. April kehrt Abt Yìjiǎng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">义奖</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) von einer Reise in den Westen zurück und restauriert die Plattform zur
Übermittlung der drei Gebote im Shaolin-Tempel. Traditionell ist die Plattform
für die Übermittlung der drei Gebote der Ort (Ordinationshalle), an dem man als
Mitglied der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangha" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sēngjiā </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">僧伽</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> das
formale Gelübde ablegt, den Geboten des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu folgen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">706</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Zhongzong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Zhōngzōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">唐朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ruft den
Shaolin-Mönch <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dao'ān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">道安</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und seine Schüler aus dem Shaolin-Kloster in den kaiserlichen Palast. Ein
Jahr später kehrte Dao’ān in den Tempel zurück.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">707-710</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Shaolin-Kloster richtet zehn Ämter oder
Autoritätspositionen für die Mönche ein, um den Tempel besser verwalten zu
können. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">723</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">November <br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Xuanzong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xuánzōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">玄宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">唐朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
beschriftet zwei Tafeln und schickt den Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi_Xing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yīxíng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">一行</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, um sie
dem Shaolin-Tempel zu überbringen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">727</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Im November kehrt ein Schüler </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">von</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fǎrú </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, der koreanische Mönch Hyecho, auf Chinesisch als
Huìchāo </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">惠超</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bekannt, nach einem Besuch in Indien nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guazhou_County" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Ānxī </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">zurück.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">728</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">15. Juli Die Stele des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaisers Lǐ Shìmín </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">wird im
Shaolin-Kloster aufgestellt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">770</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Tóngguāng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">同光</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der
große Schüler von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuquan_Shenxiu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shénxiù </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">神秀</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, verstirbt;
für ihn wird eine Pagode gebaut.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">798</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Shaolin-Tempel hat das Lagerhaus und die Küche
repariert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">810</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Schüler </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">von</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faru_(monk)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fǎrú </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">法如</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, der
koreanische Mönch Hyecho, auf Chinesisch Huìchāo </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">惠超</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) genannt,
kehrt ins Shaolin-Kloster zurück und bleibt mehr als zehn Jahre lang.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">845</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wuzong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wǔzōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">武宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">唐朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, ein
gläubiger </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoist </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">道教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, erlässt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Anti-Buddhist_Persecution" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">ein kaiserliches Edikt, dass
buddhistische Tempel zerstört werden</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> sollen. Bilder aus Bronze,
Kupfer, Silber, Gold und alle Tempelländereien werden von der Staatskasse
beschlagnahmt. Dieses Verbot ist jedoch nicht vollständig. Zwei buddhistische
Tempel dürfen bestehen bleiben, einer in der Hauptstadt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang%27an" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cháng'ān </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">长安</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und der
Nebenhauptstadt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">洛阳</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Sie dürfen
jeweils einen Tempel mit nicht mehr als zwanzig Mönchen unterhalten. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zusammen mit mehr als 4.600 anderen Tempeln wird das
Shaolin-Kloster zerstört. Im gesamten Reich werden mehr als 260.000 Mönche und
Nonnen ins weltliche Leben gezwungen. Die Katastrophe betrifft nicht nur den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Es werden auch nestorianische, christliche und
zoroastrische Tempel zerstört.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">880</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Xíngjūn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">行钧</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) diente als Abt des Shaolin-Tempels und verbreitete die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiantai" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tiāntāi </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">天台</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">-Lehre des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">925</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Xíngjūn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">行钧</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verstarb und für ihn wurde eine Pagode gebaut.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">954-959</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chai_Rong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Shìzōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">世宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Later_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">späteren Zhōu-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">后周朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erließ ein
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Buddhist_Persecutions_in_China#Fourth" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">kaiserliches Edikt zur Abschaffung
des Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Das Shaolin-Kloster wurde aufgegeben, und die Mönche
wurden ins weltliche Leben gezwungen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1004</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_of_the_Lamp" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Aufzeichnungen über die Überlieferung der Lampe (Jǐngdé
Chuán Dēng Lù </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">景德传灯录</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verfasst,
das die Geschichte von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">禅</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
dokumentiert.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1056</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Zhèngwù Xiūyóng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">证悟脩颙</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zieht vom Shaolin-Tempel zum </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Horse_Temple" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tempel des Weißen Pferdes (Bái Mǎ Sì </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">白马寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">洛阳</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1087</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Bào'ēn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">报恩</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) beginnt
im Shaolin-Kloster zu lehren. Etwa zu dieser Zeit dominiert die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">-Tradition die Praxis im Tempel und ersetzt die
strenge Einhaltung der Vinaya-Tradition.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1100</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Magistrat des Landkreises Dengfeng, Lóu Yì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">楼异</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), beantragt den Bau des ersten Patriarchentempels (Chū Zǔ Ān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">初祖庵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).
Guǎngqìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">广庆</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">),
ehemaliger Abt, residierte noch immer im Shaolin-Tempel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1102</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Huizong_of_Song" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Huīzōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">徽宗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sòng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">宋朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erlässt
ein kaiserliches Edikt, wonach jeder Staat nur einen Chan</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">-</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Tempel wählen soll.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1122</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Wandpagode wird im Tempel des Ersten Patriarchen
(Chū Zǔ Ān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">初祖庵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) errichtet. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cai_Jing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cài Jīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蔡京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, ein
kaiserlicher Lehrer und ein hoher Beamter des Lǔ-Königreichs </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鲁国</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), schreibt die Inschrift.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1157</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Shànyīng Fǎhé </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">善应法和</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ehemaliger Abt des Shaolin-Tempels, verstirbt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1204</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Xìngchóng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">兴崇</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als Abt des Shaolin-Klosters.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1209</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Jiàohēng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教亨</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) errichtet
die Stele der Weisen der drei Religionen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">三教圣像碑</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1220</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Dōnglín Zhìlóng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">东林志隆</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) gründet das Shaolin Pharmacy Bureau </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林药局</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1242</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Der buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wansong_Xingxiu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wànsōng Xíngxiù </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">万松行秀</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caodong_school" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cáodòng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">曹洞</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)-Sekte</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> schickt
seinen Schüler Xuětíng Fúyù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雪庭福裕</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zum
Shaolin-Tempel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1245</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xuětíng Fúyù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雪庭福裕</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) führt im
Auftrag von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kublai_Khan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kublai Khan</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus dem </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_Empire" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Mongolenreich</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> eine Ordinationsversammlung
für etwa 300 Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster durch.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1249 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Frühling<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kublai_Khan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kublai Khan</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erlässt einen kaiserlichen
Erlass, dass sich </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönche in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanjing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yànjīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">燕京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> versammeln
sollen. Unter den anwesenden Mönchen machen die Schüler von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wansong_Xingxiu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wànsōng Xíngxiù (</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">万松行秀</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ein
Drittel aus. Die Anzahl der Mönche ist großartig, und alle sind auf verschiedenen
Gebieten sehr begabt, was Kublai gefällt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zu dieser Zeit gibt es im Shaolin-Kloster keinen Abt.
Zwei bedeutende Mönche, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wansong_Xingxiu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wànsōng Xíngxiù </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">万松行秀</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und Hǎiyún
Yìnjiǎn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">海云印简</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), empfehlen
Fúyù, als Abt zu dienen. Kublai Khan sieht Fúyù an und sagt: „Du hast die
Allgemeine Ordinationsversammlung des Shaolin-Tempels ausgerichtet, was
bedeutet, dass dein Schicksal mit dem Shaolin-Tempel verbunden ist. Bitte nimm
dieses Amt als Hauptmeister des Shaolin-Tempels an und ändere diese schwachen
Umstände, um den Shaolin-Tempel wiederzubeleben." </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach Fúyùs Ankunft im Shaolin-Kloster reisen Millionen
von Menschen nach Shaolin und spenden für den Tempel, allein wegen Fúyùs Ruf.
Der Legende nach soll die Zahl der Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster auf dem Höhepunkt
seiner Popularität, zwischen 1249 und 1351, mehr als zweitausend betragen
haben. Dies ist jedoch wahrscheinlich ein Missverständnis der Aufzeichnung aus
dem Jahr 1318, in der es heißt, dass es „zweitausend Finger im Kloster“ gab.
Wenn uns die Berechnungen nicht täuschen, entspricht dies zweihundert
ansässigen Mönchen mit jeweils zehn Fingern. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1258</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Die <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoisten </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">haben </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Tempel in Beschlag genommen. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6ngke_Khan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Möngke Khan</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> vom </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_Empire" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Mongolenreich</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> forderte die <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoisten wiederholt auf, die Verunglimpfung
des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> einzustellen, und befiehlt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kublai_Khan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kublai Khan</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, diesen klerikalen Streit
zwischen <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoisten und Buddhisten in
seinem Gebiet zu beenden. Kublai beruft eine Konferenz von <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>daoistischen und buddhistischen Führern ein.
Als Vertreter der buddhistischen Gemeinschaft nimmt Xuětíng Fúyù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雪庭福裕</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) an der Diskussion teil. Auf dieser Konferenz werden die <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>daoistischen Behauptungen offiziell widerlegt.
In der Folge gibt Kublai 237 Tempel gewaltsam in buddhistische Hände zurück.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1260</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xuětíng Fúyù wird mit dem Titel eines Göttlichen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhistischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Meisters </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">光宗正法大禅师</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) geehrt und dient vierzehn Jahre lang als Abt des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanshou_Temple" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wànshòu-Tempels </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">万寿寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Běijīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">北京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">In dieser Zeit errichtet das Shaolin-Kloster fünf
Untertempel, jeweils einen an den folgenden Orten: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakorum" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hélín </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">和林</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jizhou_District,_Tianjin" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jìzhōu Qū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蓟州区</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chang%27an" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cháng'ān </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">长安</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiyuan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Tàiyuán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">太原</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">洛阳</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1275</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xuětíng Fúyù verstirbt im Alter von 73 Jahren und
hinterlässt sein Werk „Worte des Mönchs Xuětíng“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雪庭和尚语录</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Er wird in Tǎlín beigesetzt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1312</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xuětíng Fúyù wird posthum als „Leuchtender Meister“
(Jìn Guó Gōng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">晋国公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) geehrt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der japanische Mönch Dàzhì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大智</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) kommt ins Shaolin-Kloster. Er studiert den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán-Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und
Shaolin Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">),
einschließlich der Techniken mit der bloßen Hand und dem Stab.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1314</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Xuětíng Fúyù-Stele leben im Shaolin-Kloster
insgesamt 428 Mönche, bestehend aus 85 klösterlichen Amtsträgern und 343
anderen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1318</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der eingravierten Biografie von Abt Gǔyán Pǔjiù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古岩普就</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) leben etwa 200 Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1324</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Dàzhì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大智</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verlässt den
Shaolin-Tempel, kehrt nach Japan zurück und teilt das Shaolin Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) mit japanischen Kampfsportlern.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1327</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der japanische Mönch Shàoyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">邵元</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) kommt nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1329</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der japanische Mönch Shàoyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">邵元</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) kommt ins Shaolin-Kloster und residiert achtzehn Jahre lang im Tempel des
Zweiten Patriarchen. Er studiert Kalligraphie, Malerei, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chán-Buddhismus </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und Wǔgōng. Während seiner
Residenz diente Shàoyuán als Sekretär des Klosters. Außerdem verfasst Shàoyuán
die Inschriftentafel für Abt Júān Fǎzhào </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">菊庵法照</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Als
einer der herausragenden Mönche im ganzen Land wird Shàoyuán ausgewählt und
beauftragt, den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripi%E1%B9%ADaka" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Großen Kanon (Dà Cáng Jīng </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">大藏经</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> im kaiserlichen Palast zu übersetzen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1336</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xīān Yìràng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">息庵义让</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als
Abt des Shaolin-Tempels.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1340</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Abt des Shaolin-Tempels Xīān Yìràng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">息庵义让</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verstirbt im Alter von 57 Jahren. Der japanische Mönch Shàoyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">邵元</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verfasst die Inschriftentafel für Abt Xīān Yìràng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">息庵义让</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1345</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Chúnzhuō Wéncái </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">淳拙文才</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient zum
zweiten Mal als Abt des Shaolin-Tempels und errichtet die Stele von Meister
Bodhidharma mit einer Inschrift, die ursprünglich von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Liang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wǔ </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">武</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Liáng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">梁朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verfasst
wurde.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1347 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Shàoyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">邵元</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verlässt
den Shaolin-Tempel, kehrt nach Japan zurück und wird vom japanischen Volk als „Nationalseele“
(Guó Hún </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">國魂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) anerkannt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1348</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Cháoyún Yúnwēi </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">巢云云威</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Abt des
Nord-Shaolin-Tempels in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jizhou_District,_Tianjin" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jìzhōu Qū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">蓟州区</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, verstirbt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1351</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">26. März </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Legende nach greift die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Turban_Rebellion" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Rote-Turban-Armee (Hóng Jīn Jūn </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">紅巾軍</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ying_Prefecture_(Anhui)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yǐngzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">潁州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> das
Shaolin-Kloster an. Als Mönch verkleidet verscheucht </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinnaluo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jǐn Nà Luō Wáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">紧那罗王</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, auch
bekannt als </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinnara" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kinnara</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, die Truppen des Roten Turbans mit göttlicher
Wunderkraft.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1356</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Turban_Rebellion" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Armee der Roten Turbane </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">紅巾軍</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> eroberte
den größten Teil der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Das
Shaolin-Kloster wird geplündert und teilweise zerstört, entweder von den Roten
Turbanen oder von anderen Banditen, die die Rebellion ausnutzen. Die Plünderer
richten im Tempel Verwüstungen an, entfernen Goldlaminat von Buddha-Skulpturen
und zertrümmern Statuen auf der Suche nach verborgenen Schätzen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1359</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaghan_Temur" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cháhǎn Tiēmùer </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">察罕帖木兒</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> vertreibt
die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Turban_Rebellion" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Rote-Turban-Armee </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">紅巾軍</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und beginnt
mit der Renovierung des Shaolin-Tempels.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1361</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mit dem Niedergang der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yuán-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">元朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verschlechtert sich auch die soziale Ordnung. Infolge
dieses Chaos und der Zerstörung des Tempels im Jahr 1356 leben nur noch etwa
zwanzig Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1368</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Hóngwǔ </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">洪武</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gründet
die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Míng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">明朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Die
Reparaturen am Shaolin-Kloster werden abgeschlossen und die Mönche kehren nach
und nach in den Tempel zurück. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1369</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zu dieser Zeit leben etwa 500 Mönche im
Shaolin-Kloster. Sōngtíng Ziyán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">松庭子严</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als
Abt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1382</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zhū Sù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">朱橚</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Prinz
Dìng von Zhōu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周定王</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), fünfter
Sohn von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Hóngwǔ </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">洪武</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel, um um </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Ma_(Hongwu)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserin Xiàocí </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">孝慈高皇后</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
trauern,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1392</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Stele für die tugendhaften Taten von Meister
Chúnzhuō </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">淳拙</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird errichtet und der japanische Mönch Shāmén Déshǐ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">沙门德始</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) schreibt eine Grabinschrift darauf.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1393</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Rénshān Yìgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">仁山毅公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als
Abt des Shaolin-Klosters. Er ist der erste Abt, der nicht der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caodong_school" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Cáodòng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">曹洞</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)-Sekte</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> seit dem
Beginn der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yuán-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">元朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> angehört.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1409</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zhū Sù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">朱橚</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), auch
bekannt als Prinz Dìng von Zhōu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周定王</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), gibt
Jade-Buddha-Statuen zur Feier seines neugeborenen Sohnes in Auftrag und
verteilt sie an den Shaolin-Tempel, den Huìshàn-Tempel </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">会善寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawang_Temple" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fǎwáng-Tempel </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">法王寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1501</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Auf Einladung dient Gǔméi Zǔtíng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">古梅祖庭</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) als Abt des Shaolin Klosters.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1506</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird das
Kommando über die Shaolin-Kriegsmönche übertragen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1510</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Yuèzhōu Wénzài </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月舟文载</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als
Shaolin-Abt und hält die Chán-Gebote </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">禅苑清规</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) ein.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Oktober <br />
Liú Chǒng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘宠</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Liú
Chén </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘宸</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), zwei Brüder aus einer Militärfamilie, sind geschickte Reiter und
Bogenschützen. Sie unterstützen die örtlichen Beamten im Kampf gegen eine Bande
umherziehender Banditen (Xiǎng Mǎ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dao </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">响马盗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Die
Brüder Liú bestechen Liáng Hónghuái </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">梁洪怀</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), einen
Agenten des mächtigen Eunuchen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Jin" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Liú Jǐn </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">刘瑾</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Leider hasst Hónghuái die Familie Liú. Als sie nicht
den erwarteten Schutz erhielen und als Banditen (Jī Nán Dà <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dao </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">畿南大盗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) abgestempelt werden, zetteln die Liú-Brüder einen Aufstand in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0_Prefecture" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bàzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">霸州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> an, um
ihrer Hinrichtung zu entgehen. Die armen Bauern vor Ort reagieren positiv, und
die Rebellion gewinnt schnell mehr als 10.000 Anhänger.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1511</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">August <br />
Unter den Spitznamen Liú der Sechste (Liú Liù </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘六</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Liú
der Siebte (Liú Qī </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘七</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) schließen sich die Brüder Liú mit Liú Huì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘惠</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zusammen</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, auch
bekannt als Liú der Dritte (Liú Sān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘三</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Yáng Hǔ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">楊虎</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auch
bekannt als Tiger Yáng, und Zhào Suì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">趙鐩</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auch
bekannt als Madman Zhào (Zhào Fēngzi </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">趙疯子</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Herbst <br />
Die Liú-Brüder nehmen lokale Banditengruppen in ihre Reihen auf, die auf etwa
130.000 Mitglieder anwachsen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1512</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Auf kaiserlichen Erlass hin begeben sich die
Shaolin-Kriegsmönche unter der Führung des Mönchs Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auf eine Strafexpedition gegen die Liú </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">刘</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)-Aufständischen.
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Pavillon im Schnee (Lì Xuě Tíng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">立雪亭</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird
errichtet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1513</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Gǔshān Xiāngōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鼓山先公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) Stele leben mehr als 190 Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1515-1517</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Mongolen dringen ständig in die Grenzgebiete
entlang der Großen Mauer ein. Daher werden die Streitkräfte angewiesen, die
Befestigungen entlang der Großen Mauer wieder aufzubauen und zu bewachen. Gemäß
dem kaiserlichen Edikt von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhengde_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Zhèngdé </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">正德</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> begleiten
Shaolin-Kriegsmönche unter der Führung des Mönchs Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) die Streitkräfte, die Festungen in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shandong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shāndōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">山东省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">) </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shǎnxī </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">陝西省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> bewachen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1521</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Februar trifft Yúnnán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">云南</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
Vizeminister </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">副都御史</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) Hé
Mèngchūn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">何孟春</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) in der Stadt Mílè in Yúnnán</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">ein, um den
Miao-Volksaufstand </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">苗民起义</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
niederzuschlagen. Gemäß dem kaiserlichen Edikt begeben sich die
Shaolin-Kriegermönche unter der Führung des Mönchs Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auf eine Strafexpedition gegen den Aufstand.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1522</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">November <br />
In </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qingzhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Qīngzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">青州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shandong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shāndōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">山东省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, zettelt
ein lokaler Goldgräber namens Dīng Wángtáng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">丁王堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) eine
Rebellion an.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1523</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Februar <br />
Auf kaiserlichen Erlass hin unternehmen die Shaolin-Kriegermönche unter der
Führung des Mönchs Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) eine
Strafexpedition gegen den Aufstand der Dīng Wángtáng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">丁王堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1544</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der östliche Steinbogentorbogen, „Ahnenquelle
Grundwahrheit“-Gedenkbogen (</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">祖源谛本</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">牌坊</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), wird für den Shaolin-Tempel gebaut. Die Inschrift wird von Zhōngsōng
Shānzi </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">中嵩山子</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verfasst. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1547</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ende des Jahres verstirbt der berühmte
Shaolin-Kriegermönch Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1548</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Anfang des Jahres wird eine Pagode für den berühmten
Shaolin-Kriegermönch Zhōuyǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周友</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>errichtet, mit der Inschrift „Ein Rivale
der Welt, ein Kriegermönch des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">天下对手</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">教会武僧</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1553</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann in diesem Jahr zettelt in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhecheng_County" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhéchéng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">柘城</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ein
Salzhändler namens Shàngzhào </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">尚诏</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) eine
Rebellion an. Gemäß dem kaiserlichen Edikt begeben sich mehr als fünfzig
Shaolin-Mönche, darunter Zhúfāng Cāngōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">竺方參公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und
Zhōucān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">周参</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), auf eine Strafexpedition gegen den Aufstand.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Frühling <br />
Wàn Biǎo </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">萬表</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), stellvertretender Oberkommissar der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanjing" target="_blank"></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Obersten Militärkommission Nánjīng, initiiert die
Mobilisierung von Shaolin-Kriegsmönchen gegen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiajing_wokou_raids" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">japanische Piraten (Wōkòu </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">倭寇</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Die zum Kampf gegen die Piraten herbeigerufenen
Mönchstruppen stammen jedoch nicht alle aus dem Shaolin-Kloster. Auch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönche vom </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funiu_Mountains" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Berg Fúniú </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">伏牛山</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und vom </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Wutai" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Berg Wǔtái </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">五臺山</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shānxī </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">山西省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> werden
gerufen. Die Fúniú-Mönche praktizieren Stabtechniken, die sie von den Shaolin
gelernt haben. Wǔtái-Mönche üben den Yáng-Familienspeer (Yáng Jiā Qiāng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">楊家槍</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Während einige Mönche bereits über militärische
Erfahrung verfügen, werden andere vermutlich ad hoc für diese Schlacht
ausgebildet. Unabhängig davon entwickeln sich unter ihnen Rivalitäten. Mönch
Tiānyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">天員</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) erhält seine militärische Ausbildung bei den Shaolin und wird zum
Anführer der Mönchstruppe auserkoren. Achtzehn rivalisierende Mönche aus </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hángzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">杭州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> fordern
jedoch sein Kommando heraus. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Tiānyuán sagt: „Ich bin ein wahrer Shaolin </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">我乃眞少林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Gibt es irgendeine Kampfkunst, in der ihr gut genug seid, um euren
Anspruch auf Überlegenheit über mich zu rechtfertigen?" Die achtzehn
Mönche aus Hangzhou wählen aus ihrer Mitte acht Männer aus, die Tiānyuán
herausfordern sollen. In diesem Moment steht Tiānyuán auf einer offenen
Terrasse vor der Halle. Die acht Angreifer versuchen, die Treppe zu erklimmen,
die vom Innenhof zur Terrasse führte. Sie greifen Tiānyuán sofort mit
unbewaffneten Kampftechniken an. Tiānyuán sieht jedoch ihre Annäherung und schlägt
sie mit seinen Fäusten. Die acht Mönche umrunden den Hintereingang der Halle.
Mit Schwertern bewaffnet stürmen sie durch die Halle auf die Terrasse zu. Ihre
Waffen schlagen auf Tiānyuán ein. Schnell ergreift er eine lange Metallstange,
mit der das Tor der Halle befestigt ist, und schlägt damit in der Horizontalen
auf die acht Mönche ein. Die rivalisierenden Mönche versuchen es mit aller
Macht, können sich aber keinen Zugang zur Terrasse verschaffen. Im Gegenteil,
sie werden von Tiānyuán vernichtend geschlagen. Yuèkōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">月空</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der
Anführer der Herausforderer, kapituliert und bittet um Vergebung. Als die
anderen siebzehn Mönche dieses Spektakel sehen, werfen sie sich vor Tiānyuán
nieder und erklären ihre Unterwerfung. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die erste Schlacht dieser kriegerischen Mönche unter
der Führung des Shaolin-Mönchs Tiānyuán gegen Wōkòu findet am Berg Zhě </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">赭山</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> statt, der den Zugang von der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou_Bay" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bucht von Hángzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">杭州湾</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> über den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiantang_River" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fluss Qiántáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">钱塘江</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zur Stadt
Hángzhōu kontrolliert. Diese Schlacht endet mit einem Sieg für die chinesischen
Streitkräfte und einer Niederlage für die eindringenden Piraten. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">20. Juni</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Kriegermönche erringen ihren größten Sieg gegen
Wōkòu in der Schlacht um die Festung Wēngjiā </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">翁家岗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die am
nordwestlichen Ufer des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huangpu_River" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Huángpǔ-Flusses </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">黄浦江</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shànghǎi </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">上海</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> liegt. Einhundertzwanzig kriegerische Mönche,
angeführt vom Shaolin-Mönch Tiānyuán, besiegen eine Horde von Piraten und
verfolgten die Überlebenden zehn Tage lang und etwa zwanzig Meilen südwestlich
zum Dorf Wángjiā </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王家庄</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), nahe der Küste der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiaxing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Präfektur Jiāxīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">嘉兴市</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1. Juli</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der allerletzte Bandit wird eliminiert. Einige
kriegerische Mönche haben in dieser Schlacht kein Erbarmen mit irgendjemandem.
Ein Mönch setzt sogar seinen Eisenstab ein, um die Frau eines Piraten zu töten,
die versucht zu fliehen. Insgesamt kommen mehr als hundert Piraten ums Leben,
während die Mönche nur vier Tote zu beklagen haben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1554</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Mönche der Frühlingskrieger, angeführt vom
Shaolin-Mönch Tiānyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">天員</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, kämpfen
gegen eine Gruppe von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiajing_wokou_raids" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wōkòu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">倭寇</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> am Mǎjiā-Bach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">马家浜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der südwestlich der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiaxing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Präfektur Jiāxīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">嘉兴市</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in der
nordöstlichen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Zhèjiāng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">浙江省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> liegt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1555</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Herbst <br />
Die Unfähigkeit eines Armeegenerals führt zu einer Niederlage der Klöster in
ihrer Schlacht gegen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiajing_wokou_raids" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wōkòu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">倭寇</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> im Dorf Táozhái </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陶宅村</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), nördlich der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou_Bay" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hángzhōu-Bucht </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">杭州湾</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und
südlich von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shànghǎi </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">上海</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. In dieser Schlacht erleiden die klösterlichen
Streitkräfte vier Verluste. Die vier gefallenen Mönche waren Chètáng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">徹堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Yīfēng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一峰</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zhēnyuán
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">眞元</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und
Liǎoxīn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">了心</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Sie werden
unter der „Pagode der vier rechtschaffenen Mönche“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">四義僧塔</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auf dem </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheshan_Hill" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Shé-Berg </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">佘山</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verehrt, der etwa zwanzig Meilen südwestlich von
Shànghǎi liegt. Leider gibt es diese Pagode nicht mehr.<br />
Irgendwann in diesem Jahr errichtete der Staat Huī </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">徽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) das
westliche Steinbogentor, den Gedenkbogen „Bátuó-Stiftung“ (</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">跋陀开创</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">牌坊</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), für den Shaolin-Tempel. Die Inschrift wurde von
König Zhūzài </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">朱載</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verfasst. Im darauffolgenden Jahr begeht Zhūzài
Selbstmord, nachdem er Premierminister Gāogǒng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">高拱</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
fälschlicherweise eines Verbrechens beschuldigt hat und es ihm nicht gelingt, diesen
zu überführen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1557</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Gemäß einem Edikt des kaiserlichen Hofes wird Xiǎoshān
Zōngshū </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小山宗书</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) als Abt des Shaolin-Klosters eingeweiht. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1561</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der berühmte General </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yu_Dayou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yú Dàyóu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">俞大猷</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel, um die Stabmethoden der Mönche (Gùn Fǎ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">棍法</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zu beobachten. Unbeeindruckt von dem, was er sieht,
stellt Dàyóu fest, dass die „wahre Taktik [der berühmten Stabkampftechniken der
Shaolin] verloren ist“ (zhēn jué jiē shī </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">真诀皆失</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Dàyóu
wählt die Mönche Zōngqíng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗擎</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Pǔcóng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">普从</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">aus, um mit
ihm Stabtechniken zu studieren. Dàyóu kehrt zusammen mit den beiden Mönchen in
den Süden zurück. In den nächsten drei Jahren lehrt er sie den Stab der Yú-Familie
(Yú Jiā Gùn </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">俞家棍</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), eine
Reihe von Stabkampftechniken, die er aus einer Kombination von Jing und Chu-Langschwertstil
(Jīng Chǔ Zhǎng Jiàn </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">荊楚長劍</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und dem
Speer der Yáng-Familie (Yáng Jiā Qiāng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">楊家槍</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
entwickelt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1563</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der indische Kriegermönch Biǎndùn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">匾囤</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verstirbt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1564</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Mönche Zōngqíng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗擎</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Pǔcóng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">普从</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) kehren
ins Shaolin-Kloster zurück und lehren ihre Mönchsbrüder, was sie von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yu_Dayou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">General Yú Dàyóu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">俞大猷</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gelernt haben.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1565</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Stele der kombinierten drei Religionen und neun
Sekten </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">混元三教九流图赞碑</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">wird zum
Lob der Zeichnung der kombinierten drei Religionen und neun Sekten errichtet, die
zusammen mit einer Lobrede von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Zaiyu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhū Zàiyù </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">朱載堉</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> angefertigt
wurde.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1566</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xiǎoshān Zōngshū </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小山宗书</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) tritt von seinem Amt als Abt des Shaolin-Klosters
zurück.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1568</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Xiǎoshān Zōngshū </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小山宗书</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ehemaliger Abt des Shaolin-Klosters, verstirbt im
Alter von 68 Jahren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Biǎndùn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">匾囤</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)-Stele leben im Shaolin-Kloster insgesamt 310 Mönche,
bestehend aus 51 klösterlichen Amtsträgern und 259 anderen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zhèng Ruòcéng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鄭若曾</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) ist Geograph, Militärstratege und zeitgenössischer
Chronist der Feldzüge gegen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jiajing_wokou_raids" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wōkòu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">倭寇</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> im Südosten </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chinas </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">中国</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Er verfasst „Aufzeichnugnen vom ersten Sieg der
Mönchsoldaten“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">僧兵首捷記</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), das in seinem Buch „Strategische Verteidigung der
Region Jiāngnán“ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">江南經略</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) enthalten
ist. Ruòcéng sagt dies über kriegerische Mönche: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">„In den heutigen Kampfkünsten gibt es niemanden im
Land, der sich nicht den Shaolin unterwirft. Fúniú </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">伏牛</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) [in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">] soll an
zweiter Stelle genannt werden. Der Hauptgrund [für die Vorzüglichkeit von
Fúniú] ist, dass seine Mönche, die sich vor den Bergleuten schützen wollten,
bei den Shaolin studieren. An dritter Stelle steht Wǔtái </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">五臺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) [in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shānxī </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">山西省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">]. Die
Quelle der Wǔtái-Tradition ist die Methode des Yáng-Familienspeers </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">楊家槍</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)..., die
seit Generationen in der Yáng-Familie weitergegeben wird. Zusammen umfassen
diese drei [</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Zentren] Hunderte von
Klöstern und unzählige Mönche. Unser Land wird innen von Banditen und außen von
Barbaren heimgesucht. Wenn die Regierung einen Befehl zur Rekrutierung [dieser
Mönche] erlässt, wird sie jede Schlacht gewinnen." </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1572</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Als Kind in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Zhejiang </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">浙江省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ist </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheng_Zhongyou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chéng Zōngyóu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">程宗猷</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besessen
vom Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und sucht
nach berühmten Lehrern. Im Alter von elf Jahren kommt er in den Shaolin-Tempel,
um Wǔgōng zu studieren, und bleibt dort etwa zehn Jahre lang. Er lernt die
Shaolin Stab-Methode (Gùn Fǎ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">棍法</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) von den
Mönchen Hóngzhuǎn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">洪轉</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zōngxiāng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗相</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zōngdài </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗岱</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Guǎngàn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">廣按</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1574</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Huànxiū Chángrùn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">幻休常润</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als Abt des Shaolin-Klosters. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1578</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Huànxiū Chángrùn Chánshī </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">幻休常润禅师</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) Stele leben
insgesamt 403 Mönche, bestehend aus 50 klösterlichen Amtsträgern und 353
anderen, im Shaolin-Kloster.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1582</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nachdem er etwa zehn Jahre lang Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) studiert
hat, verlässt </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheng_Zhongyou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chéng Zōngyóu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">程宗猷</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> den
Shaolin-Tempel. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1588</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Halle der Tausend Bodhisattvas (Qiān Fú Diàn </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">千佛殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird errichtet; eine Fortsetzung der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistischen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Schrift </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tripi%E1%B9%ADaka" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Großer Kanon (Dà Cáng Jīng </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">大藏经</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, die von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanli_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wànlìs </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">萬曆</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mutter, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Dowager_Xiaoding" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiserinwitwe Xiàodìng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">孝定皇太后</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, verkündet
wurde, wird dort aufbewahrt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1592</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wúyán Zhèng dao </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">无言正道</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) dient als Abt des Shaolin-Klosters.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1599</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Stele Wúyán Zhèng dao Chánshī (</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">无言正道禅师</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) leben im Shaolin-Kloster insgesamt 440 Mönche,
bestehend aus 45 klösterlichen Amtsträgern und 395 anderen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1609</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wúyán Zhèng dao </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">无言正道</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zieht sich von seinem Amt als Abt des
Shaolin-Klosters zurück. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Dichter </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_Hongdao" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yuán Hóng dao </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">袁宏道</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daogōng
Chánshī </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">道龔禅师</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) Stele leben im Shaolin-Kloster insgesamt 402 Mönche,
bestehend aus 46 klösterlichen Amtsträgern und 356 anderen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1613</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Dichter, Gelehrte und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönch Chén Yuánbīn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈元斌</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der aus </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hángzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">杭州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> stammt, kommt ins Shaolin-Kloster, um Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu studieren. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1616</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheng_Zhongyou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Chéng Zōngyóu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">程宗猷</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> publiziert
„Erläuterungen zu den ursprünglichen Stabtechniken des Shaolin-Tempels“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林棍法阐宗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Hier ist
ein interessanter Auszug:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">„Das Shaolin-Kloster ist zwischen zwei Bergen
eingebettet, dem der Kultur </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">文</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und dem des Kampfes </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). In der Tat hat dieses
Kloster sowohl die Methode des Stabkampfes als auch die Lehren der Chan-Sekte
weitergegeben. Aus diesem Grund haben es die Herren im ganzen Land immer
bewundert. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Seit meiner Jugend war ich fest entschlossen, die
Kampfkünste zu erlernen. Wann immer ich von einem berühmten Lehrer hörte,
zögerte ich nicht, weit zu reisen, um von ihm unterrichtet zu werden. Daher
sammelte ich die notwendigen Reisekosten und reiste zum Shaolin-Kloster, wo ich
insgesamt mehr als zehn Jahre verbrachte. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zunächst diente ich Meister Hóngjì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">洪紀</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der so
tolerant war, mich in seine Klasse aufzunehmen. Obwohl ich die Grundzüge der
Technik in groben Zügen verstand, beherrschte ich sie nicht. Zu dieser Zeit war
Meister Hóngzhuǎn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">洪轉</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bereits ein alter Mann in den Achtzigern. Dennoch
war seine Stabmethode hervorragend und die Mönche verehrten ihn am meisten.
Deshalb wandte ich mich an ihn als meinen nächsten Lehrer, und jeden Tag lernte
ich neue Dinge, von denen ich noch nie gehört hatte. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Außerdem habe ich mich mit den beiden Meistern
Zōngxiāng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗相</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und
Zōngdài </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">宗岱</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
angefreundet. Durch das Üben mit ihnen habe ich enorm viel gelernt. Später traf
ich Meister Guǎngàn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">廣按</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), einen der besten Experten für die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Technik. Er hatte die Technik
von Hóngzhuǎn vollständig übernommen und sie sogar noch verbessert. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Guang’an unterrichtete mich persönlich und offenbarte
mir wunderbare Feinheiten. Später folgte ich ihm aus dem Kloster und wir
reisten mehrere Jahre lang zusammen. Die wunderbare Komplexität der
Verwandlungen des Stabes, die wunderbare Schnelligkeit seiner Manipulationen: Am
Anfang habe ich sie nicht verstanden. Nach und nach wurde ich damit vertraut.
Ich wählte diesen Bereich als mein Spezialgebiet und ich glaube, dass ich
einige Erfolge erzielt habe. Was das Bogenschießen, das Reiten, die Schwert-
und Speerkünste betrifft, so habe ich auch ihnen viel Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet.
Doch zu diesem Zeitpunkt war meine Energie von einem halben Leben bereits
aufgebraucht. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mein Großonkel Yúnshuǐ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雲水</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), der Militärstudent, und
meine Neffen Jūnxìn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">君信</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Hánchū </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">涵初</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein Student der Nationalen Universität, hatten
einmal mit mir in Shaolin studiert. Sie wiesen darauf hin, dass die
Shaolin-Stab-Methode bisher nur mündlich weitergegeben wurde, von einem
buddhistischen Meister zum nächsten. Da ich der erste war, der Illustrationen
zeichnete und schriftliche Formeln dafür zusammenstellte, schlugen sie mir vor,
diese zum Nutzen gleichgesinnter Freunde zu veröffentlichen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zunächst lehnte ich ab, weil ich mich der Aufgabe
nicht gewachsen fühlte. Doch dann begannen illustre Herren aus dem ganzen Land,
die angeblichen Vorzüge meiner Arbeit zu loben. Sie warfen mir sogar vor, es
geheim zu halten und sie dadurch zu benachteiligen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">So fand ich schließlich etwas freie Zeit, sammelte die
Lehren, die mir von Lehrern und Freunden überliefert worden waren, und
kombinierte sie mit dem, was ich aus eigener Erfahrung gelernt hatte. Ich
beauftragte einen Kunsthandwerker mit der Ausführung der Zeichnungen, und
obwohl meine Schrift etwas vulgär ist, fügte ich links neben jeder Zeichnung
eine Reimformel hinzu. Diese Zeichnungen und Formeln bilden zusammen einen
Band, dem ich den Titel „Darstellung der ursprünglichen Shaolin-Stab-Methode“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林棍法阐宗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) gegeben
habe. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein Blick auf eine der Zeichnungen würde
wahrscheinlich ausreichen, um die darin dargestellte Position zu erkennen. So
kann der Leser diese Methode auch ohne die Hilfe eines Lehrers erlernen. Trotz
der scheinbaren Einfachheit fängt jeder Satz das Geheimnis von Sieg und
Niederlage ein. Jede Zeichnung birgt die Essenz der Bewegung in sich. Auch wenn
der Stabkampf als eine triviale Kunst bezeichnet wird, ist seine Erklärung in
diesem Buch das Ergebnis einer großen Anstrengung. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn dieses Buch gleichgesinnten Freunden hilft, das
andere Ufer zu erreichen, wenn sie sich darauf stützen, um den Staat zu stärken
und seine Grenzen zu befrieden und damit den Ruhm der Methoden meiner Lehrer zu
erhöhen, wäre ein weiteres meiner Ziele erreicht.“ </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1619</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Für die Errungenschaft der Schlacht wird eine Pagode
errichtet. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1621</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Chén Yuánbīn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈元斌</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) reist
nach Japan.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wubei_Zhi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">„Aufzeichnungen über Bewaffnung und militärische
Ausrüstung“ (</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">武備志</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> von Máo
Yuányí </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">茅元儀</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird
veröffentlicht. In diesem Werk erklärt Yuányí: „Alle Kampftechniken leiten sich
von Stabmethoden ab und alle Stabmethoden leiten sich von den Shaolin ab.“ </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1622</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Februar <br />
Der bekannte Geograf </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xu_Xiake"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xú Xiákè </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">徐霞客</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1630</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Hánhuī Chánshī </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">寒灰禅师</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) Stele leben
im Shaolin-Kloster mehr als 129 Mönche.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1635</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shǐ Jìyán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">史記言</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein Magistrat in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanxi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shānxī </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">山西省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, kann sich
nicht mehr auf die Unterstützung aus der Hauptstadt verlassen. Daher setzt er
sein eigenes Geld ein, um eine lokale Miliz zu finanzieren. Shǐ Jìyán wirbt
Shaolin-Kriegermönche an, um seine lokale Armee auszubilden, und erringt
mehrere Siege, bevor er von den weitaus größeren Streitkräften des
Rebellenführers Mǎ Shǒuyīng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">马守应</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), auch bekannt als Lǎo Huíhuí </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">老回回</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) oder „Muslimischer
Ältester“, besiegt wird. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1638</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Chén Yuánbīn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈元斌</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) lässt
sich in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasaki" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nagasaki</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> nieder und erhält eine Stellung auf der Burg des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosanke#Owari_House" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Owari </span></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daimy%C5%8D" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Daimyo</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. In dieser Zeit verfasst Yuánbīn viele Abhandlungen
und Texte über chinesische Philosophie und führt die Werke vieler chinesischer
Dichter in die japanische Kultur ein. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1639</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Bǐàn Hǎikuān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彼岸海宽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird zum Abt des Shaolin Klosters ernannt. Aufgrund
eines Fußleidens wird Hǎikuān jedoch erst 1646 offiziell eingeweiht. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">In der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaanxi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Shǎnxī </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">陕西省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> rufen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Zicheng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Lǐ Zìchéng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">李自成</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang_Xianzhong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhāng Xiànzhōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">张献忠</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
Aufständen auf. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1641</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Lǐ Jìyù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">李际遇</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein lokaler Bergarbeiter, heizt einen Aufstand in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dēngfēng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">登封</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> an und errichtet einen Militärstützpunkt in der Jade-Burg.
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Zicheng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Die</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Truppen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li_Zicheng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">von Lǐ Zìchéng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">李自成</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erreichen
die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, vereinigen
sich mit Lǐ Jìyùs Armee und erobert gemeinsam die Stadt Dēngfēng. Gemäß dem
kaiserlichen Edikt begeben sich mehr als siebzig Shaolin-Mönche auf eine
Strafexpedition gegen die Aufstände.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1644</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Chén Yuánbīn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈元斌</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) residiert
im Kokusei-Tempel </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">国清寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azabu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Azabu</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Edo</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Drei </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%8Dnin" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">rōnin </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">浪人</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, Fukuno Hichiroemon, Yojiemon Miura und Jirouemon
Isogai, leben bei Yuánbīn und studieren seine Methoden des Ergreifens </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chin_Na" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(Qín Ná </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">擒拿</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und des
Schlagens von Vitalpunkten </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_point" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(Diǎn Xuéwèi </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">点穴位</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Später
entwickelt jeder dieser </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samurai" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Samurai</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> sein eigenes System des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jujutsu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jūjutsu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">柔術</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Infolgedessen werden chinesische Wǔgōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">武功</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)-Techniken
in das Jūjutsu integriert. In einigen Quellen wird Yuánbīn als Begründer des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit%C5%8D-ry%C5%AB" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kitō-ryū </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">起倒流</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Stils des Jūjutsu genannt. Andere schreiben ihm einen
Beitrag zur Entwicklung des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenp%C5%8D" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kenpō </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">拳法</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1646</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Bǐàn Hǎikuān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彼岸海宽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird offiziell als Abt des Shaolin-Klosters
eingeweiht. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1656</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Bǐàn Hǎikuān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彼岸海宽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) reist nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Běijīng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">北京</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und veröffentlicht den „Stammbaum der fünf Schulen“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">五家宗派世谱定祖图</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1661</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Bǐàn Hǎikuān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彼岸海宽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) übergibt das Abtamt an seinen Schüler Chúnbái Yǒngyù
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">纯白永玉</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Yǒngyù wird jedoch nie offiziell in sein Amt
eingeführt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1664</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Abt Chúnbái Yǒngyù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">纯白永玉</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verlässt
das Shaolin-Kloster in Richtung </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhuozhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Zhuōzhōu </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">涿州</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">) </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebei" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Héběi </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河北省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1666</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der ehemalige Abt Bǐàn Hǎikuān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">彼岸海宽</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verstirbt
und wird in Tǎlín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">塔林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) beigesetzt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1674</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Mönch Chén Yuánbīn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陈元斌</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verstirbt
im Alter von 84 Jahren. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1677</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Níngrán Gǎigōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">凝然改公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
Pagoden-Gedenkstele wohnen 134 Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1696</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/12/shaolin-monastery-annals.html" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">„Shaolin Tempel Annalen“ </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林寺志</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> wird von
Yè Fēng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">叶封</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, Magistrat des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreises Dēngfēng (</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">登封</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und Jiāo
Qīnchǒng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">焦钦宠</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">verfasst.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1704</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangxi_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Kāngxī </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">康熙</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Qīng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">清朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> schreibt „Geschätzte
Bäume und Lotusduft“ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">纯白永玉</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">bzw. „Shaolin-Kloster“
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">少林寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auf zwei
separate horizontale Tafeln und übergibt sie dem Shaolin-Tempel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1735</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongzheng_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Yōngzhèng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">雍正</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erteilt
die offizielle Genehmigung zur Renovierung des Shaolin-Klosters.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1736</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">In den frühen Jahren von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Qiánlóng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">乾隆</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, dem
Gouverneur der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, übergibt
Wáng Shìjùn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王士俊</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) 9.200 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Mass" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">liǎng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">两</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Silber, um die Renovierung des Shaolin-Tempels zu
finanzieren.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1747</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Jiāo Rúhéng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">焦如衡</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Enkel von Jiāo Qīnchǒng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">焦钦宠</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), erbt von
seinem Großvater den ersten Entwurf der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/12/shaolin-monastery-annals.html" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">„Shaolin Tempel Annalen“ </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Zusammen
mit Shī Yìzān </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">施奕簪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bearbeitet Rúhéng das Manuskript.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1748</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/12/shaolin-monastery-annals.html" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Die „Shaolin Tempel Annalen“ </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">少林寺志</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">) </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">werden in
vier Bänden veröffentlicht und umfassen etwa 47.093 Ideogramme.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1750</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">30. September</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Qiánlóng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">乾隆</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> besucht
den Shaolin-Tempel und übernachtet in der Residenz des Abtes. Während seines
Aufenthalts verfasst er ein handgeschriebenes Gedicht und genehmigt die Gravur
einer Steintafel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1756</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Níngrán Gǎigōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">凝然改公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
Pagodeninschrift leben 255 Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1775</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Gouverneur der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Xú Jī </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">徐绩</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) leitet
die Renovierung der Tausend-Buddha-Halle des Shaolin-Tempels </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">千佛殿</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), die im
folgenden Jahr abgeschlossen wird.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1781</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Laut der Stele im Tempel des Ersten Patriarchen (Chū
Zǔ Ān </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">初祖庵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) für Xuětíng Fúyù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雪庭福裕</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und
Níngrán Gǎigōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">凝然改公</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">wohnen 214
Mönche im Shaolin-Kloster.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1825</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Im Alter von fünf Jahren kommt Wú Gǔlún </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">吴古轮</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) zum
Shaolin-Tempel, wird ein Schüler von Zhànmó </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛謨</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und erhält den Dharma-Namen
Shì Jìqín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释寂勤</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">1828</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Irgendwann in diesem Jahr spenden der Gouverneur der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河南省</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Yáng
Guózhēn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">杨国祯</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und andere über 3.700 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Mass" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">liǎng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">两</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Silber, um die Renovierung des Shaolin-Tempels
abzuschließen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 25. März besucht Lín Qìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">麟慶</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein
prominenter Beamter der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qing_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Qīng-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">清朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, das
Shaolin-Kloster. Nach dem vegetarischen Essen schlägt Lín Qìng vor, das Shaolin
Wǔgōng zu sehen. Da der kaiserliche Hof eine solche Praxis verboten hat, ist
Abt Zhànfēng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛峰</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) eher zurückhaltend. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Lín Qìng versichert ihm, dass es seit jeher bei den
Shaolin Brauch war, Wǔgōng zu praktizieren. Es war ihre Pflicht, die berühmten
Berge zu schützen. Solange die Mönche im Allgemeinen das kaiserliche Gesetz
befolgten, gebe es keinen Grund, ihnen die Praxis des Wǔgōng zu verbieten. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Daraufhin überzeugt Abt Zhànfēng die Mönche Hǎifǎ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">海法</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zhànjǔ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛舉</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, Zhànlín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛林</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zhànluò </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛洛</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zhànmó </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛謨</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und andere Wǔgōng-Meister, eine Demonstration von
bewaffneten und unbewaffneten Techniken zu geben. Nachdem Lín Qìng von dieser
Vorführung der Kampfkunst begeistert ist, beschließt er, die Nacht im
Shaolin-Tempel zu verbringen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nach seiner Abreise vermuten die Mönche, dass die
Mandschu-Offiziere zurückkehren, da sie befürchten, die Kriegermönche könnten
eine Gefahr für die kaiserliche Regierung darstellen. Abt Zhànfēng weist die
Kriegermönche, die an der Vorführung teilgenommen haben, an, den Shaolin-Tempel
zu verlassen. Die Mönche Hǎifǎ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">海法</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Zhànmó </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">湛謨</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und Shì Jìqín </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">释寂勤</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) werden in den Shígōu-Tempel </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">石沟寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) geschickt</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, wo sie weiterhin heimlich Kampfkünste praktizieren. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zhànmó ist ein äußerst engagierter Praktizierender.
Nachts praktiziert er Xīnyìbǎ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">心意把</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">). Tagsüber nutzt er sein umfangreiches medizinisches
Wissen, um Patienten zu behandeln und rettet so viele Leben. </span></p>
<p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-15160791494211782642023-10-17T06:59:00.001+07:002023-11-06T22:16:23.604+07:00Die Geschichte des Shaolin-Tempels I (464-624)<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">„Das Ziel des Quan(Kung Fu)-Studiums ist die Kultivierung des Chan (Zen).“ </span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">(Xué Quán de mùdì shì wèile xiū Chán </span><span face=""Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">学拳的目的是为了修禅</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">).</span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s445/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="313" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s320/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" width="225" /></a></div><p></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.de/Lebe-wie-ein-Shaolin-Kampfkunst/dp/3988040029/angkorverlag-21/" target="_blank">Bestellen (15 €)</a></p>
<p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><a href="http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-historical-timeline.html" target="_blank">[Auf Grundlage der englischen Version</a> (http://shaolin-monastery.blogspot.com/2017/11/shaolin-historical-timeline.html) unter Berücksichtigung von Annalen des Shaolin-Tempels selbst entstanden.]<br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 150%;">Anm.: China übernahm den gregorianischen Kalender erst
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-language: DE;">am 1. Oktober 1949. Daten, die vor Oktober 1949
aufgeführt sind, dürften den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 150%;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_calendar" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">traditionellen chinesischen Mondkalender</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verwenden, wonach das Jahr mit dem Neumond zwischen
dem 21. Januar und dem 20. Februar beginnt.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br />
464</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Den Aufzeichnungen des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kreises Dēngfēng</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">zufolge kommt in diesem Jahr der indische Mönch
Buddhabhadra (Fótuóbátuóluó </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">佛陀跋陀罗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), einfach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bátuó </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">跋陀</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> genannt,
nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und lehrt den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikaya_Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xiǎochéng-Buddhismus </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">小乘仏教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> oder </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinayana" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hīnayāna-Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">495</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Shaolin-Kloster wird auf kaiserlichen Erlass von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Xiaowen_of_Northern_Wei" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Xiàowén</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Wei" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nördlichen Wèi-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> errichtet,
um </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bátuó</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu beherbergen. In einem Bereich an der Westseite des
Tempelgeländes werden von Bátuó zwei Pagoden und die Sutra-Übersetzungshalle </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">翻譯佛經堂</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) errichtet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">508</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der mittelindische Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Ratnamati" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Ratnamati</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und der
nordindische Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Bodhiruchi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bodhiruci</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> kommen im
Shaolin-Tempel an. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bátuó </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">beauftragt Ratnamati und Bodhiruci mit der Übersetzung
des von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasubandhu" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Vasubandhu</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verfassten Dasabhūmikabhāsya (Kommentar zum
Zehn-Stufen-Sutra). In den nächsten drei Jahren übersetzen diese beiden Mönche
in der Sutra-Übersetzungshalle zwölf Bände aus dem Sanskrit ins Chinesische und
unterrichten die Mönche des Shaolin-Klosters im </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">508-512</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Lǐ Yǎ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">李雅</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) erschafft
für das Shaolin-Kloster exquisite Statuen von Buddha, Bodhisattvas und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_guardian_lions" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">steinernen Löwenwächtern </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">石獅</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">518</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der südindische Mönch </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodhidharma" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bodhidharma</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, der in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">China </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">als Dámó </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">達摩</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">bekannt
ist, besucht den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongning_Pagoda" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yǒngníng-Tempel </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">永宁寺</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">23. November</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodhidharma" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dámó </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">kommt im Shaolin-Kloster an. Er sitzt mit dem Gesicht
zur Wand und meditiert neun Jahre lang schweigend in einer Höhle in der Nähe
des Wǔrǔ-Gipfels </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">五乳峰</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">520</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bátuós </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Schüler Sēngchóu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">僧稠</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) wird zum
Abt des Shaolin-Tempels ernannt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">527</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">9. Dezember</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shén Guāng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">神光</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) amputiert
seinen Arm. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodhidharma" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dámó </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">nimmt ihn als Schüler auf und gibt ihm den Namen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dazu_Huike" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Huìkě </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">慧可</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">534</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der ehrwürdige Mönch Huìguāng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">慧光</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein Schüler von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bátuó </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, zieht zusammen mit </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Xiaojing_of_Eastern_Wei" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Xiàojìng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">孝靜</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye_(Hebei)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Yèchéng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und dient als Mönchsvorsteher.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">536</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Huìguāng stirbt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Dezember<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodhidharma" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dámó </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">verbreitet den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> in der Region </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luo_River_(Henan)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luò Hé.</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Nach seinem Tod wird für ihn eine Pagode im
Kōngxiāng-Tempel </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">空相寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) auf dem
Berg Xióng'ěr in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanmenxia" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sānménxiá </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">三門峽</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> errichtet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">560</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mönch Sēngchóu stirbt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wǔ </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">武</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">
organisiert eine Debatte zwischen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhisten</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoisten </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">道教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und gibt zwei Berichte, den </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiaodao_Lun" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xiaodao Lun </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">笑道论</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und den
Erjiao Lun, über die Eignung der beiden Religionen für die kaiserliche
Regierung in Auftrag.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">567</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der ehemalige </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönch Wèi Yuánsōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">衛元嵩</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) fordert in einer schriftlichen Petition an </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wǔ </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nördlichen Zhōu-Dynastie </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">北周朝</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> die
Abschaffung des Buddhismus.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">573</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wǔ </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">ruft konfuzianische Gelehrte, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>daoistische </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">道教</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Mönche zusammen, um die
Vorzüge ihrer jeweiligen Philosophien zu diskutieren. Der Mönch Děngxíng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">等行</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) des Shaolin-Tempels ist anwesend. Kaiser Wǔ stuft den Konfuzianismus am
höchsten ein, dann den <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoismus) und
dann den Buddhismus.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">574</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Sommer<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wǔ </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">befürchtet, dass </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>daoist</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">ische und </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">buddhistische</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Tempel zu reich und mächtig
geworden sind. Ein </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Disasters_of_Wu#Second_Disaster" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">kaiserliches Edikt wird erlassen, um
den Buddhismus und Daoismus abzuschaffen</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Er verbietet
auch die Verehrung kleinerer Gottheiten, deren Kulte nicht bei der Regierung
registriert sind.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">577</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Unter der Verfolgung des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus </span></a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">durch Kaiser Wǔ </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">wird das Shaolin-Kloster, wie
viele andere Tempel auch, zerstört, das Land beschlagnahmt und die Mönche
werden in ein weltliches Leben gezwungen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">580</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Anfang dieses Jahres </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Jing_of_Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Jìng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">靜</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Zhou" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Nördlichen Zhōu-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">erlässt
einen kaiserlichen Erlass zur Verjüngung des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Buddhismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> und des </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoismus</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Das
Shaolin-Kloster wird wieder aufgebaut und sein Name in Zhìhù-Tempel </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">陟岵寺</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) geändert. In diesem Jahr lebten etwa 120 Mönche im Tempel.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 18. Juli verstirbt Fǎshàng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">法上</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), ein Schüler des Mönchs Huìguāng.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">581</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wen_of_Sui" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wén </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">文</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Suí-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">erlässt ein kaiserliches
Edikt, um den Namen des Shaolin-Klosters wiederherzustellen und dem Tempel ein
Stück Land zu gewähren. Nach Quellen aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">befindet
sich das Shaolin-Grundstück etwa 16 Meilen (50 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Length_2" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">lǐ </span></a></span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">里</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)
nordwestlich des Klosters und ist etwa 1647 Morgen (100 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_units_of_measurement#Area" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">qǐng </span><span color="windowtext" style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">頃</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> groß. Das
Gebiet, das als Zypressental (Bǎi Gǔ </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">柏谷</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) bekannt ist, wird nach einem tiefen Tal voller Zypressen benannt. Die
Straße von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengfeng" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Dēngfēng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">führt durch dieses Tal. Der Berg Xuānyuán </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">轘轅山</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) überragte das Tal und überblickt Luòyáng.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shaolins Zypressental-Anlage (Bǎi Gǔ Zhuāng </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">柏谷庄</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) verfügt
über einen Wasserfall, zahlreiche Hügel, Täler und eine wasserbetriebene
Getreidemühle. Es befindet sich an einem wichtigen Pass auf dem Weg zur
Hauptstadt. Die strategisch-militärische Bedeutung des Anwesens ist bereits
Jahrhunderte vor der Verleihung an das Shaolin-Kloster erkannt worden. Die
Zypressental-Burg (Bǎi Gǔ Wù </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">柏谷坞</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) diente während der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(265%E2%80%93420)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Jìn-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> als
militärischer Außenposten und während der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Qi" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Südlichen Qí-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> als
militärische Kommandantur. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Zypressental-Anlage wird von den Shaolin-Mönchen
hauptsächlich als Bauernhof genutzt. Die Getreidemühle verschafft dem Tempel
ein beträchtliches Einkommen. Das Gut produziert nicht nur Lebensmittel für die
Mönche, sondern auch für die arme Dorfbevölkerung.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">587</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Zwei bedeutende Mönche, der Gelehrte Huìyuǎn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">慧远</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und der Vinaya-Lehrer Hóngzūn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">洪遵</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), werden
von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wen_of_Sui" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Wén </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">文</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> nach
Shaolin gerufen und tragen dazu bei, das Kloster bekannt zu machen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">610</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mit dem Niedergang der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Suí-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">verschlechtert
sich auch die soziale Ordnung. Diebesbanden rauben die Bevölkerung aus. Die
Mönche des Shaolin-Klosters stellen sich diesen Banditen entgegen. Die
Shaolin-Mönche verteidigen nicht nur ihren Tempel, sondern auch die umliegenden
Dörfer erfolgreich.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">618</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Mit dem anhaltenden Niedergang der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Suí-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">verschlechtert sich die
soziale Ordnung immer weiter. Konkurrierende Kriegsfürsten kämpfen um die
Vorherrschaft. Es erweist sich als unmöglich, den Shaolin-Tempel vor
rivalisierenden Kriegsherren, aufständischen Bauern und Banditen zu
verteidigen. Banditen plündern das Shaolin-Kloster und setzten den Tempel in
Brand. Der gesamte Tempel brennt ab. Wie durch ein Wunder überlebt nur die
heilige Pagode Líng Tǎ </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">灵塔</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, in der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuo" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Bátuó </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">beigesetzt ist.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">619</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">General </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Shichong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wáng Shìchōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">王世充</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> erlässt im
Namen von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang_Tong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Kaiser Yáng Dòng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">楊侗</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ein
kaiserliches Edikt, mit dem er den Thron an Shìchōng abtritt. Damit endet die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sui_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Suí-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">und Shìchōng etabliert sich
als Kaiser des neuen Staates Zhèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">郑</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">620</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Shichong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wáng Shìchōng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">hat in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">eine Armee aufgestellt. Er befiehlt seinem Neffen,
General Wáng Rénzé </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王仁則</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), in das
Zypressental einzumarschieren, ein stark befestigtes Militärlager zu errichten
und einen Signalturm auf dem Berg Xuānyuán mit Blick auf Luòyáng zu bauen.
Shìchōng beschlagnahmt das Shaolin-Gut im Zypressental, stationiert dauerhaft
Truppen, errichtet einen Kreissitz für die lokale Verwaltung und plant, das
Shaolin-Kloster selbst einzunehmen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">August<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Fürst Lǐ Shìmín </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">李世民</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> aus der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">weist seine Generäle an, die
Hauptstadt von Shìchōng nicht direkt anzugreifen. Vielmehr sollen sie die
Lebensmittelversorgung von Luòyáng unterbrechen, indem sie strategische
Knotenpunkte entlang der Wasserwege, die zur Stadt führen, besetzen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">621</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">März<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Lǐ Shìmín</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> verschärft allmählich seine Belagerung von </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luoyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Luòyáng</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, was die Stadt in eine Hungersnot stürzt. Es wird
berichtet, dass die Einwohner von Luòyáng den Dreck durchsuchen, um Spuren von
Lebensmitteln zu finden. Zu dieser Zeit kommt der aufständische Kriegsherr </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dou_Jiande" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">General Dòu Jiàndé </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">竇建德</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang_Shichong" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Wáng Shìchōng </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">zu Hilfe. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Jiàndé hatte zuvor seine Machtbasis in </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangfu,_Hebei" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guǎngfǔ </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">errichtet, sich die Kontrolle über die Region </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebei" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Héběi </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">河北</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gesichert
und sich zum Kaiser von Xià </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">夏</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) erklärt.
Jiàndé befürchtet, wenn Lǐ Shìmín den Staat Zhèng zerstört, sein eigener Staat
Xià das gleiche Schicksal erleide. Daher akzeptiert Jiàndé gegen den Rat seiner
Frau, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Cao_(Dou_Jiande%27s_wife)" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">der Kaiserin Cao</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, und
seines Strategen Líng Jìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">凌敬</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) die Bitte
von Shìchōng um Hilfe. Indem er dieses vorübergehende Bündnis mit Shìchōng eingeht,
marschiert Jiàndé mit seiner Armee in Richtung Luòyáng. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Als Li Shimins Generäle von Jiàndés herannahenden
Truppen berichten, schlagen sie ihm vor, die Belagerung aufzugeben und sich im
Westen nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanzhong"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Guānzhōng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">关中</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zurückzuziehen, aber Li Shimin weigerte sich. Er befiehlt
dem größten Teil seiner Armee, die Belagerung von Luòyáng aufrechtzuerhalten.
Mit den verbliebenen Truppen marschiert Li Shimin zum </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulao_Pass" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Hǔláo-Pass </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">虎牢關</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">, etwa sechzig
Meilen nordöstlich von Luòyáng. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 21. März besetzen die Truppen von Li Shimin den
Hǔláo-Pass. Dieser Pass wird von der Schlucht des Sìshuǐ-Flusses </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">汜水河</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> gebildet. Seine Ufer sind von Steilhängen und steilen
Hügeln gesäumt, die im Süden zum </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Song" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Sōng-Gebirge (Sōng Shān </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">嵩山</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> ansteigen. Der Hǔláo-Pass ist von großer
strategischer Bedeutung, da die Ost-West-Straße entlang des Südufers </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_River" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">des Gelben Flusses (Huáng Hé </span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">黄河</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> über ihn führt. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">27. April</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Shaolin-Obermönch Shànhù </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">善护</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Abt-Mönch Zhìcāo </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">志操</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">),
Aufseher-Mönch Huìchàng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">惠玚</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), General-Obermönch
Tánzōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">昙宗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch
Pǔhuì </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">普惠</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch Míngsōng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">明嵩</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch
Língxiàn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">灵宪</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch
Pǔshèng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">普胜</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch
Zhìshǒu </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">智守</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daoguǎng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">道广</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch Zhìxìng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">智兴</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Mönch
Mǎn </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">僧满</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), und
Mönch Fēng </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">僧丰</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) infiltrieren die Zypressental-Burg (Bǎi Gǔ Wù </span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">柏谷坞</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) und nehmen
Wáng Shìchōngs Neffen General Wáng Rénzé </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王仁則</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">) gefangen.
Daraufhin liefern die Shaolin Wáng Rénzé an die Streitkräfte von Lǐ Shìmín aus.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">30. April <br />
Drei Tage nachdem diese dreizehn Mönche in Wáng Shìchōngs Militärfestung im
Zypressental eingedrungen sind und General Wáng Rénzé gefangen genommen haben,
verfasst Lǐ Shìmín einen kaiserlichen Brief, in dem er dem Shaolin-Kloster seine
Dankbarkeit für die Heldentaten der Mönche ausdrückt. Zu dieser Zeit bereitet
Lǐ Shìmín seine Truppen für die Schlacht gegen General Dòu Jiàndé am Hǔláo-Pass
vor. Vermutlich diktiert Lǐ Shìmín den Brief einem seiner Sekretäre. Lǐ Shìmín
unterzeichnet den Brief jedoch persönlich.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">2. Mai</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hulao" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Schlacht von Hǔláo</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> war ein
entscheidender Sieg für den Prinzen </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">der Táng-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">. Lǐ Shìmíns Truppen vermeiden
schwere und direkte Kämpfe, bis die Truppen von Dòu Jiàndé erschöpft sind. Dann
führt Li Shimin einen Kavallerieangriff an, besiegt die gegnerische Armee und nimmt
General Dòu Jiàndé gefangen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Am 9. Mai trifft Lǐ Shìmín mit den Gefangenen Dòu
Jiàndé und Wáng Rénzé in Luòyáng ein. Nach einem Gespräch mit Jiàndé bricht
Wáng Shìchōng in Tränen aus. Er erwägt, sich aus der Belagerung von Lǐ Shìmín
herauszukämpfen und nach </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiangyang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Xiāngyáng </span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">(</span><span color="windowtext" face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">襄陽</span><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">)</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> zu
fliehen, das von seinem Neffen Wáng Hóngliè </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span face=""Microsoft YaHei",sans-serif" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">王弘烈</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), Prinz
von Wèi </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">(</span><span style="font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">魏</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS Gothic"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">), </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">verteidigt wird. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Generäle von Shìchōng weisen darauf hin, dass er
Jiàndés Unterstützung benötigt. Nun, da Jiàndé gefangen genommen worden ist, gibt
es nichts mehr zu tun. Daraufhin kapituliert Wáng Shìchōng vor Lǐ Shìmín. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">622</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Aufgrund des Chaos dieser Übergangszeit zwischen den
Dynastien ist ein Großteil der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henan" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Provinz Hénán</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> Ödland, und das
Shaolin-Kloster hat sich noch nicht von der Zerstörung im Jahr 618 erholt. Der
Shaolin-Tempel wird unter dem Vorwand geschlossen, seine Ländereien seien
unrechtmäßig erworben worden, und die Mönche werden gezwungen, sich anderswo
niederzulassen. In der Folge werden die Ländereien des Tempels von Beamten der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> beschlagnahmt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">624</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Aufgrund einer Petition an die Beamten der </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_dynasty" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Táng-Dynastie</span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> wird der Shaolin-Tempel in
Anerkennung seiner militärischen Dienste für </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" target="_blank"><span color="windowtext" style="mso-fareast-language: DE; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Lǐ Shìmín </span></a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">im Jahr 621 wiedereröffnet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Juli </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; punctuation-wrap: simple; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Wiederaufbau des Shaolin-Klosters wird durch die
Hingabe, die harte Arbeit und die Bemühungen der Mönche abgeschlossen. Zu
diesem Zeitpunkt besteht der Shaolin-Tempel aus insgesamt zwölf Gebäuden.</span></p>
GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-86736030556215229392023-10-01T10:07:00.000+07:002023-10-13T10:09:04.838+07:00DogMan von Luc Besson<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="379" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Ee8M92BxMZg" title="DOGMAN Official Trailer (2023)" width="674"></iframe>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">Es ist nicht leicht, in eine Pressevorführung zu gehen, ohne schon
einigermaßen Bescheid zu wissen über den Film, der gezeigt wird. Bei Luc
Bessons <i>DogMan</i> war es so. Der Name des Regisseurs genügte mir, und ich
wollte mich mal wieder überraschen lassen, ohne Trailer oder irgendwelche Infos
vorab. Wenn ich jetzt, wo ich dies schreibe, in der IMDB-Datenbank die
Filmographie von Besson aufrufe, ist <i>DogMan</i> noch gar nicht aufgeführt.
Selbst <i>Subway,</i> <i>Nikita</i>, <i>The Fifth Element</i> und sein
Meisterwerk <i>Léon: The Professional</i> kommen bei Kritikern nur auf
schlechte bis dürftige Bewertungen. Beim Publikum sieht das anders aus, denn
Besson, Jahrgang 1959, der für seine Filme meist auch die Drehbücher schreibt
(also Autorenfilmer genannt werden darf), kann nicht nur auf der Klaviatur von
Gefühlen spielen – er hat hin und wieder auch etwas zu sagen. Ein Trailer unter
seinem Namen auf eben dieser IMDB fasst es so zusammen: berauschende Optik;
starke Frauen; amoralische, aber ehrliche Männer; unterdrückende
Gesellschaftssysteme; Untergrundwelten und … eine Menge Waffen. All das bringt
Bresson nach einigen Flops in <i>DogMan</i> noch einmal zu einem Werk zusammen,
das am Ende des Jahres mit Sicherheit unter meinen Top Ten landen wird.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 2.85pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 2.85pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">Die starke Frau ist diesmal von Geburt aus männlich. Der Junge (Douglas)
wird vom Vater und seinem älteren Bruder misshandelt und in einen Käfig mit
Hunden gesperrt, die für Kämpfe gedacht sind und ähnlich mies behandelt werden.
Zwischen den Hunden und dem Jungen entsteht eine Beziehung, in der sie ihn wortlos
verstehen und für seine Befreiung sorgen. Als Erwachsener bleibt der durch eine
Schusswunde weitgehend auf einen Rollstuhl angewiesene Douglas den Hunden
verbunden, der Literatur und dem Chanson. Er wird Transvestit und findet als
Piaf seine Bühne. Geld verdient er vor allem durch Diebstähle, bei denen ihm
seine Hunde behilflich sind. Zuweilen setzt er sie auch zum Schutz der
Schwächeren ein, die von einer kriminellen Gang bedroht werden. Wie man sich
vorstellen kann, wird daraus ein großer Showdown entstehen. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 2.85pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 2.85pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">Caleb Landry Jones, den man z. B. aus den <i>X-Men</i> kennt, spielt
diesen Douglas phänomenal. Sein süffisantes und stoisches Lächeln, das den Film
durchzieht, wird man so leicht nicht vergessen. Die Zeit, die Besson sich für
die Gespräche mit der Gefängnispsychiaterin nimmt, die ihr eigenes Päckchen zu
tragen hat, gibt <i>DogMan</i> seinen Rhythmus und eine angemessene Tiefe. Am
Ende wird nicht einmal mit christlicher Symbolik gespart, aber das verzeiht man
gern nach einem zweistündigen emotionalen Ritt, der nicht zuletzt Hundefreunde
begeistern wird.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 2.85pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 2.85pt; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 0cm 2.85pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">Diesen <i>DogMan</i> schreibt man offenbar mit großem <i>M</i> in der
Mitte, um ihn von dem ebenfalls sehenswerten <i>Dogman</i> Matteo Garrones von
2018 unterscheiden zu können. Auch ich bin ein Dogman. Einst lief ich mehrere
Jahre lang regelmäßig mit Hunden aus einem Tierheim durch die Wälder. Da war
ein Pärchen darunter, beide mit weißem Fell und aus Osteuropa stammend. Der
Kleinere ging nicht ohne den anderen Gassi, und man wollte sie auch unbedingt
zusammen vermitteln. Der Größere schnappte schon bald nach anderen
Spaziergängern, wenn sie mir zu nahe kamen. Es hatte wohl genügt, dass ich
einmal erschöpft meinen Kopf auf seinem Bauch bettete, als wir auf einer
Lichtung eine Pause machten. Ich träumte damals davon, als Schriftsteller
Lesungen zu halten, von den beiden weißen Hunden flankiert. Wahrscheinlich sind
die beiden nun tot, und ich schreibe immer noch Filmrezensionen statt Romane.
Aber ich kann immerhin Douglas verstehen, wenn er in <i>DogMan </i>der
Psychiaterin erklärt, was Hunde von Menschen unterscheidet: Sie haben lauter
gute Eigenschaften und nur einen Fehler … Wenn Ihr wissen wollt, welchen,
schaut Euch den Film an.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"> </p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"> </p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-1626057378228444002023-09-16T17:19:00.000+07:002023-10-13T10:14:12.100+07:00Lebe wie ein Shaolin!<p style="text-align: center;"> Neu im Buchhandel!<br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s445/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="313" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcb3cKhkDdkqGwH_axayCvjq2AMpO1e-rdUH30FHTwUKnfBS4iDBCOHgOdS35WGZrFh3UW3kzX-ZRYuiyULnXmRhVg88JR6MF5tae2kiPIzmWTd9BKON4pSmtaQz6EJy983aGbJWDt30t2qdS8sl1ApRm7KX4NjOBLUkamBpe0i8Bc1EkyzMBj49M9WlhE/s320/Cover-Shaolin%20II.jpg" width="225" /></a></div><p></p><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.amazon.de/Lebe-wie-ein-Shaolin-Kampfkunst/dp/3988040029/angkorverlag-21/" target="_blank">Bestellen (15 €)</a></p><p style="text-align: center;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
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Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
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Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hashtag"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Unresolved Mention"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">"Jeder muss wissen, dass der wahre
Wert des traditionellen Shaolin nicht in der Kampfkunst liegt, sondern in dem,
wovon sie ein Teil ist: Chan. Das traditionelle Shaolin <i>Wushu</i> (Kampfkunst)
ist nur ein Zweig des Baumes, der Chan ist. Chan ist der erste Schatz der
Shaolin, und das traditionelle <i>Wushu</i> ist ein wunderschönes Juwel in
diesem Schatz, aber allein stellt es nur einen kleinen Teil des Gesamtwertes
dar."</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">(Shi Deyang) <br /></p><p style="text-align: center;"></p><p style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: x-small;">Auszug </span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><i><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">Die Zehn Tugenden eines Shaolin</span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> <br /></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: center; text-indent: -14.2pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">Respekt
gegenüber Meistern, </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: -7.1pt;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">sich
selbst und allen Wesen (s</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">ǒ</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">ng </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">竦</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">2. Demut (qiānbēi </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">谦卑</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">3. Rechtschaffenheit (yì </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">义</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">4. Vertrauen in Meister und sich (fú </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">孚</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">5. Loyalität (zhōng </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">忠</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">[Tugenden des Charakters]</span></p><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> </span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"> <br /></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">6. Willenskraft (yìzhì </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">意志</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">7. Ausdauer (nàilì </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">耐力</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">8. Beharrlichkeit (héngxìng </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">恒性</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">9. Geduld, Selbstbeherrschung (nàixīn </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">耐心</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">10. Tapferkeit (y</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">ǒ</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">ng
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei",sans-serif; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-font-family: "Bookman Old Style"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Bookman Old Style";">勇</span><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">)</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Bookman Old Style",serif; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Microsoft JhengHei";">[Tugenden des Geistes]</span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-39651475374774467352023-09-01T14:46:00.001+07:002024-01-10T12:52:37.002+07:00The poser Shi Heng Yi alias Tien Sy Vuong / Der Blender Shi Heng Yi vom Shaolin Tempel Europe<div style="text-align: justify;"></div><p style="text-align: justify;">(English version first, translated with DeepL - zunächst auf Englisch, unten auf Deutsch)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Since last year, I have been improvising a series of YouTube posts that deal with a certain "Shi Heng Yi". You can find the playlist <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3" target="_blank">here</a>. Back in 2011, I took a critical look at the "Shaolin Temple Europe" (later the newspaper <a href="https://www.buddhaland.de/images/proxy/5a/5a8d71f88625f997cd57b3a57aeba958326cafc9.jpg" target="_blank">SZ</a> reported on it). The "Shaolin Temple Europe <a href="https://www.northdata.com/?id=10562854" target="_blank">GmbH</a>" of the same name is now headed by Shi Heng Yi, who is said to have a business degree (MBA), among other things.<br /><br />This man, whose real name is Tien Sy Vuong and whom I have so far described as German-Vietnamese, is trying hard to market himself in social and other media as a "<a href="https://www.shihengyi.online/" target="_blank">Shaolin master of the 35th generation</a>" and also offers online courses.<br /><br />In the meantime, two people have reported "threats" and warnings to me via Messenger and in a forum. In one case, a critical video was deleted and only uploaded again in abridged form, in which a former student of Shi Heng Yi (SHY for short) initially reported, among other things, that they often had to rely on themselves in the temple and that there were no teachers present. I have saved these conversations. Due to these circumstances, it is time to point out the activities of this fake temple even more clearly.<br /><br />I will now summarize what has come to light in the course of my research. <br /><br />- Shi Heng Yi is still NOT an authorized Shaolin teacher in China. He made this public himself when he showed in a video that he had acquired the 1st "Duanpin" according to the new <a href="https://shaolintemple.com/duanwei-grading/" target="_blank">Shaolin graduation system</a> in China. This is one of the lower gradings and corresponds to a student grade. He is obviously so blinded by himself that he didn't even notice this contradiction: marketing himself for years as a "master of the 35th generation of Shaolin".<br /><br />Nowadays, anyone can acquire these degrees via <a href="https://learn.shaolintemple.com/" target="_blank">online courses</a> (such as this link to a "real" Shi Heng Yi) at an authorized branch of the Shaolin temple. You show what you have learned in front of a camera and it is assessed by teachers in China.<br /><br />- Shi Heng Yi refers somewhat nebulously to various teachers; in fact, it has been confirmed to me that he did a black belt with US soldier Frankie Dow, whom he usually refers to as "Chang Kwan Chun". This is one of his methods of misleading viewers into thinking that he is an Asian in the Chinese tradition. Frankie Dow, on the other hand, studied with the dubious <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96D3cgmoYXE" target="_blank">Manuel Agrella</a> (see the last posts in the comments column below the video). All these teachers claimed to have graduations (e.g. in Praying Mantis, the style of the praying mantis) that were not at all common in China.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">- He also uses this method when he is constantly photographed in robes that are attributed to Shaolin. He also wears an eye-catching pearl necklace (mala). In response to one of my videos, he explained in a clip that he is NOT a monk, but defended his necklace as a gift from a teacher on the TV program "Sternstunde Philosophie". There, too, he was largely taken in, just as, in my opinion, the O.W.Barth publishing house, once known for good Zen, was later.<br /><br />- Shi Heng Yi also refers to Shi Han Yai from the Shaolin Temple in Bielefeld. He claims to have received his order name from him in 2004. At that time, however, the Bielefeld temple was not an official Shaolin temple and, according to the usual Shaolin hierarchy, was not authorized to take such a step. Shi Han Yai, who now has a family, may have left because of differences with the official Shaolin Temple in Berlin.<br /><br />- The "Shaolin Temple Europe", where Shi Heng Yi teaches, is NOT a temple accepted by Shaolin in China (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N1-b3pdKsRo&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=2&pp=gAQBiAQB" target="_blank">document from China in the linked video</a>), on the contrary, they were asked by the temple 15 years ago to stop playing these confusion games.<br /><br />- Shi Heng Yi was filmed at a course of <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXc900apLmc&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=6&pp=gAQBiAQB" target="_blank">Adam Mizner</a>, a widely-known blunderer of the Tai Chi scene who works in northern Thailand and who repeatedly claims "mystical" abilities (such as hurling attackers forward) in posed videos with people familiar with him or naive uninitiated people, which he is never prepared to prove in actual fights. Ironically, under a pseudonym in a forum, perhaps Mizner himself (?) or one of his followers angrily revealed to me that Shi Heng Yi was acquiring knowledge there, which he later claimed as his own, without naming the sources. <br /><br />- Through contact with several generations of Westerners who actually studied in the Chinese Shaolin Temple, I have had confirmed what my first sighting of Shi Heng Yi's kung fu revealed: to a striking extent, it is not authentic kung fu as it is taught in China. Some of my contacts, who themselves teach in China on invitation or train there with important masters such as Hu Zhengsheng, even said that Shi Heng Yi's Kung Fu sometimes looked as if he had copied it from videos himself.<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">- Although neither the abbot of the Shaolin Temple Europe in Otterberg near Kaiserslautern, Monroe Coulombe, nor Shi Heng Yi were known in the Buddhist scene, they give online courses on this subject or comment on Chan. In my opinion, Shi Heng Yi is spreading some nonsense, which also damages the reputation of the Shaolin Temple as a Chan site. Its abbot Shi Su Xi once said: "Shaolin is Chan (Zen), not Quan (martial arts)." Even the current abbot Shi Yong Xin emphasizes that Kung Fu is a form of expression of Chan and that Chan must form the basis. Such a foundation is obviously lacking in the "Shaolin Temple Europe". The best example of the distortion of a Chan teaching is the sentence often repeated by Shi Heng Yi that there are only two mistakes: not starting something and not finishing something. In Chan, however, the essential mistake is not to be anchored in the present and instead to fixate on some "end" (which does not exist in the exercise).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In summary, it can be said that neither the technical means nor the knowledge of Chan currently enable "Shaolin Temple Europe" and its operators Monroe Coulombe and Tien Sy Vuong, alias Shi Heng Yi, to teach authentic Shaolin tradition. They deceive us with the name of their temple and with their unauthorized monk names or by claiming to be abbots or "masters of the 35th generation of Shaolin". Their deception is enhanced by outward appearances, nebulous rhetorical excuses and topped off with sometimes horrendous course fees to which other deceivers are invited. Clips featuring Shi Heng Yi keep popping up on social media under new names, with other YouTubers also doing him a service in their quest for clicks and attention (e.g. Jesse Enkamp, and mainly The Mulligan Brothers). In his demonstrations of techniques, Shi Heng Yi usually limits himself to a few forms, simple and promotional breaking tests and partner exercises with the forearm, which can only impress untrained people who have not hardened their arms accordingly.<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">********************************<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">(Deutsch)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Seit letztem Jahr habe ich eine Serie von YouTube-Beiträgen improvisiert, die sich mit einem gewissen "Shi Heng Yi" beschäftigen. Die Playliste findet ihr <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3">hier.</a> Bereits 2011 hatte ich mich mit dem <a href="https://der-asso-blog.blogspot.com/2010/01/die-kommerzialisierung-der-shaolin.html" target="_blank">"Shaolin Temple Europe"</a> kritisch auseinandergesetzt (später berichtete die <a href="https://www.buddhaland.de/images/proxy/5a/5a8d71f88625f997cd57b3a57aeba958326cafc9.jpg" target="_blank">SZ</a> über ihn). Der gleichnamigen "Shaolin Temple Europe <a href="https://www.northdata.com/?id=10562854" target="_blank">GmbH" </a>steht nun Shi Heng Yi vor, der u.a. einen Business-Abschluss (MBA) haben soll.<br /><br />Dieser Mann, der bürgerlich Tien Sy Vuong heißt und den ich bisher unwidersprochen als Deutsch-Vietnamese bezeichnet habe, versucht sich in sozialen und anderen Medien heftigst als <a href="https://www.shihengyi.online/">"Shaolin-Meister der 35. Generation"</a> zu vermarkten und bietet dazu auch Online-Kurse an. <br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Inzwischen haben mir zwei Personen per Messenger und in einem Forum von "Drohungen" und Abmahnungen berichtet. In einem Fall wurde ein kritisches Video gelöscht und nur noch in gekürzter Form wieder hochgeladen, in dem ein ehemaliger Schüler von Shi Heng Yi (kurz auch: SHY) zunächst u.a. berichtet hatte, im Tempel seien sie häufig auf sich selbst angewiesen und keine Lehrer anwesend gewesen. Ich habe diese Konversationen gesichert. Aufgrund dieser Umstände ist es an der Zeit, noch deutlicher auf das Treiben dieses Fake-Tempels hinzuweisen.<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ich fasse nun zusammen, was im Laufe meiner Recherchen zutage trat. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /> - Shi Heng Yi ist bis heute KEIN von den Shaolin in China autorisierter Lehrer. Er hat dies selbst öffentlich gemacht, als er in einem Video zeigte, dass er den 1. "Duanpin" nach dem neuen <a href="https://shaolintemple.com/duanwei-grading/">Graduierungssystem </a>der Shaolin in China erworben hat. Dies ist eine der niedrigen Graduierungen und sie entspricht einem Schülergrad. Er ist offenbar so von sich selbst verblendet, dass ihm dieser Widerspruch gar nicht auffiel: Sich seit Jahren als "Meister der 35. Generation der Shaolin" zu vermarkten.<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Jeder kann diese Grade heutzutage über <a href="https://learn.shaolintemple.com/" target="_blank">Online-Kurse</a> (wie unter diesem Link eines "echten" Shi Heng Yi) bei einem autorisierten Ableger des Shaolin-Tempels erwerben. Man zeigt vor einer Kamera, was man gelernt hat, und in China wird es von Lehrern begutachtet.<br /><br />- Shi Heng Yi beruft sich etwas nebulös auf diverse Lehrer, tatsächlich wurde mir bestätigt, dass er einen Schwarzgurt beim US-Soldaten <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiHvV3H-E1g&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=17" target="_blank">Frankie Dow</a> machte, den er allerdings meist als "Chang Kwan Chun" bezeichnet. Dies ist eine seiner Methoden, Zuschauer in die Irre zu führen und denken zu lassen, es könne sich bei ihm um einen Asiaten in chinesischer Tradition handeln. Frankie Dow wiederum lernte beim dubiosen <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96D3cgmoYXE" target="_blank">Manuel Agrella</a> (siehe die letzten Beiträge in der Kommentarspalte unter dem Video). All diese Lehrer behaupteten Graduierungen von sich (z.B. im Praying Mantis, dem Stil der Gottesanbeterin), die in China gar nicht üblich waren.<br /><br />- Diese Methode wendet er auch an, wenn er sich ständig in Roben ablichten lässt, die den Shaolin zugeschrieben werden. Auch eine auffällige Perlenkette (Mala) trägt er. Auf eines meiner Videos hin erläuterte er zwar in einem Clip, KEIN Mönch zu sein, verteidigte aber in der TV-Sendung "Sternstunde Philosophie" seine Kette als Geschenk eines Lehrers. Auch dort ging man ihm weitgehend auf den Leim, genauso wie m.E. später der einst für gutes Zen bekannte O.W.Barth Verlag.<br /></p><p style="text-align: justify;">- Weiterhin beruft sich Shi Heng Yi auf Shi Han Yai vom Shaolin Tempel Bielefeld. Im Jahr 2004 will er von ihm seinen <a href="https://www.shaolintemple.eu/index.php?page=Chronik" target="_blank">Ordensnamen</a> erhalten haben. Zu dieser Zeit war jedoch der Bielefelder Tempel kein offizieller Shaolin-Tempel und laut der üblichen <a href="http://shaolinchancity.blogspot.com/2008/12/shaolin-monasticism-discipleship_944.html" target="_blank">Shaolin-Hierarchie</a> nicht berechtigt, einen solchen Schritt zu vollziehen. Shi Han Yai, der inzwischen Familie hat, ist möglicherweise wegen Differenzen mit dem offiziellen <a href="https://www.shaolin-tempel.eu/" target="_blank">Shaolin Tempel in Berlin </a>dort ausgeschieden. <br /><br />- Der "Shaolin Temple Europe", in dem Shi Heng Yi unterrichtet, ist <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N1-b3pdKsRo&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=2&pp=gAQBiAQB" target="_blank">KEIN von den Shaolin in China akzeptierter Tempel</a> (Dokument aus China im verlinkten Video), ganz im Gegenteil, er wurde von diesem schon vor 15 Jahren aufgefordert, diese Verwechslungsspiele sein zu lassen.<br /><br />- Shi Heng Yi wurde <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXc900apLmc&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=6&pp=gAQBiAQB" target="_blank">bei Adam Mizner</a> gefilmt, einem weithin bekannten Blender der Tai Chi-Szene, der in Nordthailand wirkt und der immer wieder in gestellten Videos mit ihm Vertrauten oder naiven Uneingeweihten "mystische" Fähigkeiten (wie das Fortschleudern von Angreifern) behauptet, die er nie in tatsächlichen Kämpfen unter Beweis zu stellen bereit ist. Ironischerweise hat mir unter einem Pseudonym in einem Forum vielleicht Mizner selbst (?) oder einer seiner Getreuen wütend offenbart, Shi Heng Yi würde sich dort Wissen aneignen, das er dann später als sein eigenes ausgebe, ohne die Quellen zu nennen. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">- Durch den Kontakt zu mehreren Generationen von Westlern, die tatsächlich im chinesischen Shaolin-Tempel lernten, habe ich bestätigt bekommen, was meine erste Sichtung von Shi Heng Yis Kung Fu erbrachte: Es handelt sich zu einem auffälligen Teil nicht um authentisches Kung Fu, wie es in China gelehrt wird. Einige meiner <a href="https://shaolin.lt/" target="_blank">Kontakte</a>, die selbst in China auf Einladung unterrichten oder dort bei bedeutenden Meistern wie <a href="https://shaolinxinyiba.org/" target="_blank">Hu Zhengsheng</a> sich fortbilden, sprachen sogar davon, Shi Heng Yis Kung Fu sehe zuweilen aus, als habe er es sich selbst <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3FNfuOl5BM&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=3" target="_blank">von Videos abgeschaut.</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">- Obwohl weder der Abt des Shaolin Tempel Europe in Otterberg bei Kaiserslautern, Monroe Coulombe, noch Shi Heng Yi in der buddhistischen Szene bekannt waren, geben sie Online-Kurse zu diesem Thema bzw. äußern sich zum Chan. Dabei verbreitet Shi Heng Yi in meinen Augen teilweise Unsinn, der auch dem Ansehen des Shaolin-Tempels als Chan-Stätte schadet. Dessen Abt Shi Su Xi sagte einst: "Shaolin ist Chan (Zen), nicht Quan (Kampfkunst)." Selbst der heutige Abt Shi Yong Xin betont, dass Kung Fu eine Ausdrucksform des Chan sei und Chan die Grundlage bilden müsse. An einer solchen Grundlage fehlt es offensichtlich im "Shaolin Tempel Europe". Das beste Beispiel für die Verdrehung einer Chan-Lehre ist der von Shi Heng Yi oft wiederholte Satz, es gäbe nur zwei Fehler, etwas nicht anzufangen und etwas nicht zuende zu bringen. Im Chan besteht der wesentliche Fehler jedoch darin, nicht in der Gegenwart verankert zu sein und sich stattdessen auf irgendein "Ende" zu fixieren (das es bei der Übung nicht gibt).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Zusammengefasst lässt sich also sagen, dass momentan weder die technischen Mittel noch die Kenntnisse im Chan den "Shaolin Temple Europe" und seine Betreiber Monroe Coulombe und Tien Sy Vuong alias Shi Heng Yi dazu befähigen, authentische Shaolin-Tradition zu vermitteln. Sie täuschen darüber mit dem Namen ihres Tempels und mit ihren unberechtigten Mönchsnamen hinweg bzw. durch die Anmaßung, Abt zu sein oder "Meistern der 35. Generation der Shaolin" anzugehören. Ihr Blendwerk wird durch Äußerlichkeiten gesteigert, durch nebulöse rhetorische Ausflüchte, und mit teils horrenden Teilnahmegebühren an Kursen getoppt, zu denen weitere <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_CdgGy9d3m8&list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3&index=15" target="_blank">Blender</a> eingeladen werden. In den sozialen Medien tauchen unter immer neuen Namen Clips mit Shi Heng Yi auf, wobei auch andere YouTuber in ihrer Sucht nach Clicks und Aufmerksamkeit ihm einen Dienst erweisen (z.B. Jesse Enkamp). Bei den Demonstrationen von Techniken beschränkt sich Shi Heng Yi meist auf ein paar wenige Formen, einfache und werbewirksame Bruchtests und Partnerübungen mit dem Unterarm, die nur Untrainierte beeindrucken können, die ihre Arme nicht entsprechend abgehärtet haben. </p><p style="text-align: left;"> </p><p style="text-align: left;">In den kommenden Monaten werden hier Informationen zur Geschichte des chinesischen Shaolin-Tempels und zu einigen Meistern veröffentlicht, damit sich Interessierte ein besseres Bild machen können. <br /></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p><p style="text-align: left;"><br /></p>
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<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="379" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/q177FtQ8qHE?list=PLKJwbW_Tssef_3GQEqgG38_W6Uqhctlz3" title="Shi Heng Yi entlarvt (nochmal kurz auf Deutsch)" width="674"></iframe></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-67708120143116472112023-08-16T13:30:00.002+07:002023-08-19T17:05:01.829+07:00Jeder ist ein Buddha: Neues Buch mit Zen-Geschichten und Anekdoten<p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlpyLMgDD9vDn_NKDLLLpYSvFIQ7-1lnrIZoFBo7zimrlBaS0Jo3uB8tGRJSLQCsBKXtfhP7g5QeDXYkkvO0fmX88lbx9tai_zsNDJd45gviKqkifzUTlGkM_UrIiELkvA1CqWCxRIWSUG0Dw6C5HmE3J4Y-8_8CWN3Wj7Fdx70xczoELkXYO7kr-8T9DE/s500/Cover-Jeder_ist_ein_Buddha.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="316" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlpyLMgDD9vDn_NKDLLLpYSvFIQ7-1lnrIZoFBo7zimrlBaS0Jo3uB8tGRJSLQCsBKXtfhP7g5QeDXYkkvO0fmX88lbx9tai_zsNDJd45gviKqkifzUTlGkM_UrIiELkvA1CqWCxRIWSUG0Dw6C5HmE3J4Y-8_8CWN3Wj7Fdx70xczoELkXYO7kr-8T9DE/s320/Cover-Jeder_ist_ein_Buddha.jpg" width="202" /></a></div> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Oben seht Ihr mein neuestes Büchlein mit 88 buddhistischen Geschichten, die zunächst mit Meditationstipps auf Grundlage neurowissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse garniert sind und dann, wie gewohnt, mit Anekdoten und Denkanstößen aus meinem Leben. <br /></p><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><b>Gui Do: <i>Jeder ist ein Buddha. 88 buddhistische Geschichten.</i></b></span></div><b><span style="font-family: georgia;"><div style="text-align: center;">128 Seiten. TB. 15 €. ISBN: <span style="background-color: white; color: #0f1111;">9783988040138.</span></div></span><span style="font-family: georgia;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.bod.de/buchshop/jeder-ist-ein-buddha-gui-do-9783988040138" target="_blank">Bestellen + Leseprobe</a></div><div style="text-align: center;"> </div></span></b><p style="text-align: justify;">Die folgende Geschichte habe ich rausgenommen, weil sie mir für ein breites Lesepublikum zu mysteriös erschien. <br /></p><p style="text-align: center;"><i>Das Mädchen in Versenkung</i> </p><div style="text-align: justify;">Einst suchte Manjushri, der Bodhisattva der Weisheit, eine Versammlung um Buddha auf. Bei seiner Ankunft waren bereits alle fort, bis auf den Buddha Shakyamuni und ein Mädchen. Sie saß auf einem Ehrenplatz und war tief in Meditation versunken. Manjushri fragte den Buddha, wie das möglich sei, denn nicht einmal er konnte sich so tief versenken. Der Buddha erwiderte: „Hol sie aus der Versenkung und frag sie selbst.“ Aus Respekt umrundete Manjushri zunächst drei Mal das Mädchen und schnippte dann mit den Fingern. Doch das Mädchen blieb in Versenkung. Dann versuchte Manjushri es mit seinen magischen Kräften und versetzte sie so in einen höhergelegenen Himmel. Doch alles war vergeblich. Plötzlich sprang von unterhalb der Erde ein Unerleuchteter herbei, schnippte ein Mal mit den Fingern, und das Mädchen kam aus ihrer Meditation. </div><p style="text-align: center;"> ***</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Und noch ein Tipp:<i> Zen-Path to Enlightenment:</i> Wie die Sonderausgabe mit Shodo Harada Roshis Texten entstand. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ich habe damit nichts zu tun, bin aber von der Handarbeit und Schönheit beeindruckt. </p><p><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="379" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KvVAqxVnAXE" title="The Zen Path to Enlightenment – Book making" width="674"></iframe>
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</p><p></p><p><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="560" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BqPglvGYANg" title="Hokuozan Sogenji" width="995"></iframe></p>
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</p><p></p><p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-14624687308937627822023-08-01T11:28:00.002+07:002023-08-10T20:06:06.753+07:00Saikontan/Caigentan: Weisheiten eines Vegetariers (VII)<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ich bin selbst ein kleines Universum. Lass meine Leidenschaften bescheiden
sein und meine Vorlieben und Abneigungen kontrolliert, dann wird mein Verhalten
von selbst den Gesetzen des Universums entsprechen, nach denen die Elemente so
harmonisch miteinander verbunden sind. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Lass deine unabhängige Meinung nicht vom Zweifel der Masse beeinflussen;
andererseits sei aber nicht so dogmatisch, die Ansichten anderer nicht
anzuhören. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Gibt es einen guten Menschen, mit dem du nicht leicht in Kontakt kommst,
enthalte dich seines Lobes in der Öffentlichkeit, denn andere könnten
eifersüchtig werden und ihn für ihre Zwecke missbrauchen. Willst du einen üblen
Menschen loswerden, ergreife nicht die Initiative, da dies wahrscheinlich ein
unvorhergesehenes Unheil heraufbeschwört. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Freundlichkeit des Vaters gegenüber seinem Sohn, die Pietät des Sohnes
gegenüber seinem Vater, die Zuneigung des älteren Bruders zum jüngeren und der
Respekt des jüngeren gegenüber dem älteren – diese Gefühle sind ganz natürlich
und spontan. Würden sie aber auf der einen Seite gönnerhaft bezeugt und auf der
anderen mit einem Sinn für Dankbarkeit erwidert, dann wären Blutsverwandte nur
Fremde und ihre Zuneigung gliche einer Geschäftsbeziehung.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wankelmut wird bei einem herausragenden Menschen eher entdeckt als bei
einem Demütigen. Eifersucht ist unter Verwandten stärker als unter Fremden. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Übles ist am gefährlichsten, wenn es im Geheimen getan wird, Gutes ist am
wenigsten bewundernswert, wenn es in aller Öffentlichkeit geschieht. Mit
anderen Worten, Übles ist weniger gefährlich, wenn es offenkundig geschieht,
und Gutes ist lobenswerter, wenn es im Verborgenen getan wird.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Charakter ist der Fürst des Talentes, Talent der Diener des Charakters. Wer
Talent, aber keinen Charakter besitzt, kann mit einer Familie ohne Herrn
verglichen werden, die stattdessen von einem Diener beherrscht wird. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Tugend entwickelt sich mit steigender Freigebigkeit, und Freigebigkeit wird
von anwachsendem Wissen genährt. Wenn du deine Tugend kultivieren willst, musst
du also deine Freigebigkeit erhöhen, und um die Freigebigkeit zu erhöhen, dein
Wissen ausdehnen. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn es nicht durch Wellen bewegt wird, beruhigt sich Wasser von selbst.
Wenn er nicht von Staub bedeckt ist, dann ist ein Spiegel klar. Das Gleiche
gilt für den Geist. Um ihn klar zu halten, muss alles weggeschafft werden, was
ihn umwölkt. Die Suche nach Glück ist unnötig. Wenn alles beseitigt ist, was
den Geist aufregt, folgt das Glücksempfinden so sicher wie der Tag auf die
Nacht.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Es ist besser, die Gesellschaft eines einfachen alten Mannes in den Bergen
zu suchen als die eines Händlers, der nur von Gewinn spricht; besser, die
Freundschaft zu einem Edelmann zu pflegen, der in einer bescheidenen Hütte
lebt, als einem bedeutenden Menschen in einem Palast die Aufwartung zu machen;
besser, die derben Gesänge von Holzfällern und Ochsenhirten anzuhören, als dem
Gerede der Stadt sein Ohr zu schenken; besser, die weisen Sprüche der Alten zu
wiederholen und von ihren bewundernswerten Taten zu erzählen, als von den
Vergehen und Fehlern unserer Zeitgenossen zu reden. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein altehrwürdiger Weiser bemerkte: „Einige Menschen geben sich trotz ihres
Reichtums als Bettler aus und ziehen mit der Schale von Tür zu Tür.“ Ein anderer
Weiser meinte: „Gebt nicht so mit eurem Reichtum an, ihr Emporkömmlinge! Gibt
es vielleicht jemanden, dessen Ofen ihm kein Essen kocht?“ Der erste Spruch
verweist darauf, dass die meisten Menschen sich ihrer Besitztümer nicht bewusst
sind, der zweite warnt vor dem Angeben mit Besitz. Die gleiche Warnung gilt für
erworbenes Wissen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Weg gehört der gesamten Menschheit und sollte darum jedem gelehrt
werden, mit dem man in Kontakt kommt. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Fleißigen arbeiten hart, um sich in Tugend zu üben; doch die meisten
Menschen tun es nur, um der Armut zu entkommen, sie kennen die wahre Bedeutung
von Arbeit nicht. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wer über den Ordinären steht, ist ein außergewöhnlicher Mensch, doch wenn
er sich mit Absicht daneben benimmt, gilt er als Exzentriker. Wer nicht von der
Gesellschaft Korrupter beeinflusst wird, ist ein reiner Mensch, doch wenn er
sich von seinen Gefährten fern hält, um unbeschmutzt zu bleiben, ist er nur
affektiert und nicht von echter Lauterkeit. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das Gewähren von Gefallen sollte zunächst im Kleinen geschehen und sich
später ausweiten, ansonsten wird der Empfänger diese Freundlichkeit nicht
angemessen würdigen. Die Ausübung von Macht sollte hingegen zunächst streng und
dann milde sein; ist man zuerst milde und dann streng, wird die Strenge von den
Untergebenen als grausam empfunden. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die Altehrwürdigen ließen eine Handvoll gekochten Reis für die Ratten übrig
und machten nachts alle Laternen aus, damit die Motten darin nicht verbrannten.
Sie hatten Mitempfinden für die kleinen Geschöpfe, und genau diese Güte lässt
einen Menschen zur Krone der Schöpfung werden.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Geist ist wie ein kleines Universum. Heiterkeit kann mit einem Glück verheißenden
Stern verglichen werden, Wut mit Donner und Wolkenbruch, Güte mit süßem Tau,
Strenge mit der brennenden Sonne. Heiterkeit, Wut, Güte, Strenge: Wer könnte
ohne solche Gefühle sein? Doch sie alle sollten nicht zu lange in unserem Geist
weilen, sondern angemessen aufeinander folgen, damit das Herz stets unbehindert
und offen bleibt. Auf diese Weise kann der Geist eins mit dem Kosmos sein.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wer Ehre als Prinzip anpreist, wird gewiss auf der Grundlage von Ehre
getadelt. Wer strikte Moral zu seinem Motto macht, wird sicher auf der
Grundlage von strikter Moral beurteilt. Der Edelmann bemüht sich deshalb
einfach, nichts Falsches zu tun, und versucht erst gar nicht, mit hehren
Prinzipien hausieren zu gehen. In Harmonie mit anderen und mit heiterem Geist
zu leben ist das Geheimnis eines friedvollen Da-seins.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn du ein paar seltene Momente von Freizeit aus deinem geschäftigen Leben
abzweigst, solltest du darin deinen Charakter so fest machen, dass dein Geist
von lärmender Umgebung unbeeindruckt bleibt. So wirst du zum Meister der
Umstände. Es gibt nur wenige Menschen, die diese Übung vernachlässigen und dennoch
einen unerschütterlichen Willen bewahren, was auch immer um sie herum
geschieht. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span><p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-60932750354898958452023-07-17T01:22:00.000+07:002023-07-17T01:22:02.879+07:00Kodo Sawaki übers (Nicht-)Töten<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzwJcn-kKVdRVFS5Sf2xY-R-v-rqhwP050lRxDoo1kHLnkvd40wu4SccL_nKecRDl03fCeDebnDJ08UsIEU5AHZ6HsZVlU2LME7hDV2qg-NKujN5qlgY7TaYZA6x3G2ROBL0VbH010vwDBumrN_CLvAI4Caai9AQax7Cc7xGMO3vnlcvZ2KSrO9cqZZ9PW/s652/sawaki%20rollbild.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="652" data-original-width="522" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzwJcn-kKVdRVFS5Sf2xY-R-v-rqhwP050lRxDoo1kHLnkvd40wu4SccL_nKecRDl03fCeDebnDJ08UsIEU5AHZ6HsZVlU2LME7hDV2qg-NKujN5qlgY7TaYZA6x3G2ROBL0VbH010vwDBumrN_CLvAI4Caai9AQax7Cc7xGMO3vnlcvZ2KSrO9cqZZ9PW/s320/sawaki%20rollbild.jpg" width="256" /></a></div><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(Foto: Antaiji/Daihorinkaku)</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: center;">Kôdô Sawakis Kommentar zum </span><i style="font-family: Georgia, serif; text-align: center;">Zenkaihongi
wo kataru</i></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;">(Über die Bedeutung der Zen-Gelübde) von
Banjin Dôtan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">Im
Lotussutra heißt es: „Die drei Welten sind meine eigene Existenz und alle
Lebewesen, die dort sind, in Wahrheit meine eigenen Kinder.“ Wenn die Unterscheidung
zwischen einem selbst und anderen an ein Ende gelangt, manifestiert sich das
Gebot „Töte nicht“. Das Auslöschen der Unterscheidung von selbst und anderen
löst also das Erscheinen dieses Gebotes aus. Es ist das Prinzip der Realität
der Dinge, das durch seine Manifestation „Töte nicht“ verwirklicht. Erde und
Himmel haben die gleiche Wurzel, alle Dinge sind ein Körper. Der andere
existiert nicht unabhängig von mir und ich existiere nicht unabhängig von ihm.
Darum ist nichts zum Töten übrig. Sowohl der andere als auch ich sind das Licht
dieses buddhistischen Gebotes. Lichter von Buddhas Geboten töten einander
nicht.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;">Tiefe
Dunkelheit lässt uns einander umbringen. Einander töten bedeutet, etwas
umbringen, was gar nicht getötet werden kann. „Es gibt keine Form, keinen
Geruch, der nicht vom Mittleren Weg stammt. Berge, Flüsse, Gräser und Bäume,
alles ist Buddha.“ Alles ist also ausnahmslos Buddha. Alles ist die Tür zu dieser
Realität des Mittleren Weges. Bei dieser Lehre hat sogar das Wort „töten“ keine
Bedeutung mehr. Das „Sutra des höchsten Auslöschens“ nennt diese Wirklichkeit „andauernde
und allgegenwärtige Buddha-Natur“. Da ist nur Buddha-Natur. Im Herzen der
allgegenwärtigen und andauernden Buddha-Natur kommt das Wort „töten“ an sein
Ende.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;">Wir
können „Töte nicht“ gar nicht verstehen, wenn wir nicht das buddhistische
Konzept des Nicht-Selbst studiert haben. Setzen wir unser kleines Selbst an die
erste Stelle, entwickeln wir Hass auf andere und den Wunsch, zu töten. Darum
heißt es im Lotus-Sutra, wenn wir die Wirklichkeit der Phänomene durchdringen
und erkennen, dass das, was vor uns ist, Buddha ist, dann wird es unmöglich zu
töten. Es heißt auch, die Wirklichkeit zu durchdringen bedeute, Samsara, den
irdischen Kreislauf, zu überschreiten.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;">Seng
Tchao (geb. 374), ein Schüler Kumarajivas, sagte: „Die vier Elemente sind von
Grund auf leer, die fünf Daseinsfaktoren <i>(skandha)</i> haben von Beginn an
keine Existenz. Ein Hals, der Schneide eines Schwertes entgegengestreckt, wird
wie der Frühlingswind durchtrennt.“ Dies ist das Prinzip letztgültiger Leere
auf der Grundlage der Kraft von Weisheit <i>(prajna)</i>. Da das Gebot „Töte
nicht“ nichts ist, worauf sich jemand stützen könnte, ist ein tiefes
Verständnis des Prinzips der Leere vonnöten. Nur wenn jemand den irdischen
Kreislauf <i>(samsara)</i> überwunden hat, haben Himmel und Erde dieselben
Wurzeln, und er erlangt den Bereich, wo alle Dinge ein Körper sind. Wenn so
jemand in den Krieg zieht, liebt er seinen Feind wie seinen Freund, und es gibt
keinen Konflikt zwischen seinem Gewinn und dem Gewinn des anderen. Wir töten einen
Feind nicht gedankenlos, das wäre unzulässig. Auch beteiligen wir uns nicht an
Plündereien oder anderen Gewalttaten. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;">Wer
Krieg führt, versetzt sich in die Lage des anderen Landes. Er schützt sein Volk
so gut wie möglich. Aus militärischer Sicht sollte er zugleich den Krieg
gewinnen. Dabei sollten Gefangene anständig behandelt werden. Der Sieg wird auf
natürliche Weise eintreten.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;">Das
eigene Leben leicht wie eine Feder opfern, Mitleid mit dem Leben der anderen haben,
als wäre es das eigene: Wenn die Grenze zwischen selbst und anderen fällt, wird
das Gebot „Töte nicht“ manifest. Wenn wir also den Worten des Lotussutra
folgen, dann werden alle Wesen, sowohl Freunde wie auch Feinde, zu meinen
eigenen Kindern. Mein Vorgesetzter ist meine eigene Existenz, aber auch die mir
Unterstellten; Japan ist meine eigene Existenz, aber auch die ganze Welt. Die
Ordnung in dieser Welt wiederherzustellen, die gestört wurde, nennt man einen gerechten
Krieg. In diesem Fall wird das Gebot „Töte nicht“ nicht gebrochen, ob wir
jemanden umbringen oder nicht. Es ist das Gebot, welches das Schwert schwingt.
Es ist das Gebot, das die Bomben abwirft. Darum sollte das Gebot „Töte nicht“
tief untersucht werden. Bodhidharma übersetzte es als „das wundervolle
Mysterium unserer eigenen Natur“. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia",serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">(Auszug
aus <i>Daiborin</i>, Januar 1942, S. 98-112)</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-3149067002622673542023-07-01T11:25:00.000+07:002023-07-11T20:32:32.405+07:00Saikontan/Caigentan: Weisheiten eines Vegetariers (VI)<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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beginnen. Es ist weiser, sich gegen die Wiederholung von Fehlern zu wappnen,
als vergangene Schnitzer zu bereuen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Wind, der durch einen schmalen Bambushain bläst, lässt dessen Blätter
hörbar erzittern, doch wenn er weitergezogen ist, bleibt kein Geräusch zurück.
Ein Schwarm Wildgänse, der über den blauen Himmel zieht, wird in einem tiefen
Teich reflektiert, doch wenn er weitergezogen ist, bleibt keine Spur von ihm
zurück. Solche Naturphänomene beschreiben die Stimmung eines überlegenen
Menschen. Seine geistige Aktivität manifestiert sich, sobald etwas aufkommt,
doch wenn es damit vorbei ist, wird sein Geist wieder leer und ist von nichts
besessen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Moralisch rein und doch nachsichtig mit den Fehlern anderer, gütig und doch
von entschiedenem Charakter, durchdringend und doch nicht zu sehr auf der
Suche, aufrichtig und doch nicht unerbittlich zu sein – eine solche
Geisteshaltung kann mit einer Leckerei verglichen werden, die mit Honig
ummantelt und doch nicht zu süß ist, oder mit einem Mahl aus Meeresfrüchten,
das nicht zu salzig am Gaumen mundet. Dies ist die Vervollkommnung menschlicher
Tugend.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn man bei seiner bescheidenen Hütte nur den Garten wohlgestaltet oder
eine arme Frau nur ihr Haar sorgfältig schmückt, dann hat dies etwas
Würdevolles und Elegantes, selbst wenn es nicht allzu schön daherkommt. Das
Gleiche gilt für den Edelmann. Selbst in widrigen Umständen sollte er seine
Würde wahren, ohne zu verzweifeln.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Sorge in deiner Freizeit und Einsamkeit für die Zukunft vor. Täusche dich
nicht selbst im Verborgenen, dann kannst du auch in der Öffentlichkeit frei
handeln.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn wir mit nichts beschäftigt und unsere Gedanken klar und transparent sind,
können wir die Wirklichkeit unseres Geistes erkennen. Wenn unsere Gedanken
besänftigt und durch nichts verstört sind, können wir das tatsächliche Wirken
unseres Geistes verstehen. Wenn unser Geschmack einfach ist, können wir die
wahre Veranlagung unserer Natur begreifen. Dies sind die drei unübertroffenen
Bedingungen für unsere Selbsterkenntnis und das Verständnis des Weges.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ruhe, die aus der Ruhe selbst erlangt wird, ist keine wahre Ruhe; nur wenn
sie inmitten von Aktivität erlebt wird, zeigt sie uns den wahren Zustand
unserer eigenen Natur. Vergnügen, das sich aus sich selbst speist, ist kein
wahres Vergnügen; nur wenn es auf Schmerz folgt, ermöglicht es uns, das wahre
Wirken unseres eigenen Geistes zu erkennen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Was, wenn das Schicksal mir gegenüber mit Glück geizt? Dann werde ich dem
Mangel durch meine Tugend abhelfen. Was, wenn das Schicksal mich zu schwerer
körperlicher Arbeit verdammt? Dann werde ich Trost darin finden, meinen Geist
zu beruhigen. Was, wenn das Schicksal mir Ungemach bringt? Dann werde ich
Schwierigkeiten überwinden, indem ich an meinen Überzeugungen festhalte. Wenn
ich mit solcher Entschlusskraft ausgestattet bin, was kann das Schicksal mir
dann anhaben?</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein Sprichwort besagt: „Um einen Menschen richtig einschätzen zu können,
schau auf die spätere Hälfte seines Lebens.“ </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Das ist wahrlich treffend. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn ein gewöhnlicher Mensch barmherzig ist und seinen Gefährten in ihrer
Not beisteht, wird er zu einem Prinzen ohne Rang oder einem königlichen Berater
ohne Amt. Sollte es aber einen Menschen von Rang nach Macht gelüsten und sollte
er seine Gunst nur wegen begehrlicher Absichten verkaufen, wird er zu nichts
anderem als einem Bettler mit Titel.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">In der Not mögen dir alle Dinge, die dich von moralischer Schwäche heilen
und der Besserung deiner Tugend dienen, wie Akupunkturnadeln und Medizin
erscheinen. Im Überfluss hingegen kann dir dein Umfeld zu Schwertern und
Speeren werden und dir, ohne dass dir das bewusst wird, all deine Energie
rauben und deine Knochen in Stücke brechen. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Aufrichtigkeit kann alles tragen. Einst erzeugte die Aufrichtigkeit eines
Menschen Frost im Monat Mai, und die eines anderen brachte eine Burg von selbst
zu Fall. So wie Hitze durch Metall oder einen Stein dringt, kann Begeisterung
alles in der Welt erreichen. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn alle Dinge unterm Mond eingebildet sind, dann sind sogar unsere
Gliedmaßen unwirklich, ganz zu schweigen von Ruf, Ruhm und Reichtum. Wenn
hingegen alle Objekte wirklich sind, dann sind nicht nur unsere Eltern und
Geschwister, sondern alle Dinge in der Schöpfung eins mit uns. Nur wenn man
dies vollständig begreift, kann man die Bürde eines Staates tragen und frei von
den Fesseln der Welt bleiben. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Alle Arten von süßen und belebenden Mahlzeiten und Getränken sind nur Gift
für unseren Körper, doch wenn wir sie in Maßen zu uns nehmen, schaden sie
nicht. Das gleiche gilt für jegliche Art von Vergnügen – in Maßen genossen,
erzeugt es keinen Grund für Reue. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Andere nicht für ihre kleinen Vergehen tadeln, ihre Geheimnisse nicht
offenbaren und die früheren Vergehen von Menschen nicht im Gedächtnis behalten
– diese drei Regeln werden deine Tugend verbessern. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein Edelmann sollte sich nicht zu leichtsinnig und frivol benehmen, sonst
wird er zu sehr von äußeren Umständen bewegt und findet keinen Geistesfrieden.
Andererseits sollte er nicht zu ernst sein, sonst werden ihn Zweifel und
Skrupel befallen und er wird die Kraft des freien Handelns einbüßen. </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Obwohl Himmel und Erde ewig sind, werden wir nicht wieder-geboren. Das
menschliche Leben ist kurz, doch wer so glücklich ist, das Licht der Welt zu
erblicken, sollte das Beste aus seinem Leben machen und seine Tage nicht vergeuden.
</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Gefallen, den man einem Menschen tut, erweckt den Neid eines anderen.
Darum ist es besser, über Gefallen und Neid zu stehen, als ein paar Menschen
entgegenzukommen.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Not und Mangel sind die Schmelztiegel, in denen große Menschen geformt
werden – sowohl körperliche als auch moralische Vorteile werden ihnen zuteil. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Es ist besser, die öffentliche Meinung zur Unterstützung heranzuziehen, als
private Gefallen zu erweisen; es ist besser, alte Freundschaften aufzuwärmen,
als neue Bekanntschaften zu machen; es ist besser, gemeinnützige Taten im
Verborgenen zu tun, als sich einen guten Namen als Wohltäter zu verschaffen;
und es ist besser, die nächst liegende Aufgabe zu übernehmen, als auf einen
Notfall zu warten, der eine herausragende Tat erfordert. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ausgewogenen Meinungen und gerechten Argumenten sollte nicht widersprochen
werden. Die Häuser einflussreicher Menschen sollte man ebenso meiden wie die
Hütten von schlechtem Ruf – wer sie besucht, wird einen Flecken auf seinem
Charakter behalten. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Es ist besser, aufrecht zu sein und dafür von anderen gehasst zu werden,
als gegen die eigene Überzeugung zu handeln, nur um anderen zu gefallen. Es ist
besser, unverdientem Tadel ausgesetzt zu sein, als unverdientes Lob zu ernten. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn deinen Eltern oder Geschwistern Unglück widerfährt, solltest du beherrscht
und ohne Gefühlsaufwallung damit umgehen. Befinden sich aber deine Freunde im
Irrtum, solltest du sie streng und unduldsam tadeln. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Keine unscheinbaren Angelegenheiten zu übersehen, sich selbst und andere
nicht zu täuschen und nicht zu verzweifeln, selbst wenn man versagt hat – dies
kennzeichnet einen wahren Helden. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span><p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-58110181399395017722023-06-15T17:16:00.001+07:002023-08-12T23:01:15.368+07:00Joshu Sasaki: Teisho [Lin-chi/Rinzai Diskurs XVIII] (11.02.96)<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;">Die Aufzeichnungen von Lin-Chi, übersetzt von Ruth F. Sasaki. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes; text-align: justify;"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;">Diskurs XVII</span></p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">"Der wahre Schüler des Weges hat nichts zu tun mit Buddhas, nichts zu tun mit Bodhisatvas oder Arhats . Er hat auch nichts zu tun mit dem, was in den drei Bereichen als ausgezeichnet gilt. Nachdem er diese transzendiert hat, ist er in einsamer Freiheit, ist er nicht an Dinge gebunden. Selbst wenn Himmel und Erde auf den Kopf gestellt würden, hätte ich hätte ich keinen Zweifel; auch wenn sich alle Buddhas der zehn Richtungen vor mir vereinen würden, würde ich nicht zweifeln; selbst wenn sie sich vor mir bekriegen würden, hätte ich keine Freude; auch wenn die drei Höllen plötzlich zu meinen Füßen liegen würden, hätte ich keine Angst. Warum ist das so? Weil so wie ich es sehe, alle Dharmas leere Formen sind. Wenn sie sich verwandeln, sind sie existent, wenn sie sich nicht verwandeln, sind sie nicht existent. Die drei Reiche sind nur Geist, die zehntausend Dharmas sind nur Bewusstsein. Daraus folgt:</span></i></p></span><p></p><div><p><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Illusorische Träume, Blumen im Himmel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Warum sich die Mühe machen, nach ihnen zu greifen!“</span></i></span></p><p></p></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></span></p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ich habe gestern ein wenig über diesen Abschnitt gesprochen, und wie ich schon sagte, ist es ein sehr schwieriger kultischer Abschnitt des Rinzai Roku. Wenn wir nur die Oberfläche lesen würden, könnten wir den Eindruck haben, dass wir die Traumrede eines Zen-Meisters hören. In der Tat, jemand, der gewohnheitsmäßig das Selbst fixiert, würde diesen Text sicherlich lesen und denken es sei nur das Traumgespräch der Zen-Praktizierenden. Aber wenn man diese Weisheit manifestiert, dann versteht man klar den Prozess, durch den dieses Ding, das wir das Selbst nennen, entsteht und vergeht, das heißt, wenn man wirklich verstanden hat, wie es ist, dass ein ewiger Prozess das Selbst manifestiert und dann verbirgt, das Selbst manifestiert und verbirgt, immer und immer wieder, immer und immer wieder, dann wird man wirklich verstehen, worauf Rinzai in diesem Abschnitt abzielt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Die Menschen sprechen normalerweise vom Selbst als etwas, das geboren wird und stirbt. Aber im Tathagata-Zen sagen wir nicht, dass das Selbst geboren wird und stirbt; wir sagen, dass es unter dem Einfluss eines Prozesses steht, in dem es sich ständig manifestiert und verschwindet. Das heißt, es erscheint und verbirgt sich immer wieder.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Was ist der Prozess, der ein Selbst dazu bringt, zu erscheinen und sich dann zu verstecken? Das Selbst kommt ins Dasein, indem es der Aktivität des Lebens begegnet, und das Selbst versteckt sich wenn es auf die Aktivität des Todes stößt. Das Selbst trifft unweigerlich auf diese beiden Aktivitäten. Wenn man der verneinenden Aktivität, der Todesaktivität, begegnet, dann verschmilzt man mit der Todesaktivität und versteckt sich im Tod. Andererseits, wenn die Aktivität des Lebens die Initiative ergreift, dann erfährt das Selbst, das sich in der Aktivität des Todes versteckt hat, eine Manifestation. Jede der beiden Aktivitäten kann die Initiative ergreifen. Wenn die Aktivität des Lebens ihren natürlichen Grenzpunkt erreicht, dann trifft dieses Selbst unweigerlich wieder auf die Aktivität des Todes.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Gemäß dem Buddhismus, mit anderen Worten, dem Tathagata-Zen, könnten wir in gewisser Weise sagen, das Selbst sei ewig, weil es ewig dem Prozess von Leben und Tod begegnet. Wenn es dem Tun begegnet, das Leben genannt wird, erscheint es; wenn es dem Vorgang begegnet, der Tod genannt wird, verschwindet es. Wäre nicht jeder glücklich, zu wissen, dass dies die Natur des Selbst ist, Teil dieses ewigen Prozesses zu sein? Die Menschen wollen hören, dass das Selbst ewig ist, und um die Menschen zu retten, um ihnen zu helfen, haben wir im Zen diese Art der Lehre entwickelt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wir müssen erkennen, dass es zwei gegensätzliche Aktivitäten, zwei sich ergänzende Tätigkeiten gibt, die Aktivität des Lebens und die Aktivität des Todes. Diese beiden Tätigkeiten sind ewig; es gibt kein Ende ihres Tuns. Weil das Selbst auftaucht und verschwindet, ist es ganz gewiss keine fixe Sache. Wenn man das Selbst fixiert, wird man weder erscheinen noch verschwinden können.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wir könnten sagen, dass diese Aktivitäten, die Aktivitäten des Lebens und des Todes, ewig sind; um das Sanskrit-Wort zu benutzen, sie sind nitya. Wenn wir darüber nachdenken wollen, was ewige Existenz bedeutet, sollten wir das Ewige auf diese Weise betrachten, und so werdet ihr verstehen - im Gegensatz zu der falschen Art und Weise, die häufig gelehrt wird, das Leben zu lieben und den Tod zu hassen - dass dies die Bedeutung der Ewigkeit ist.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wenn man ins Dasein kommt, indem man der Aktivität des Lebens begegnet, lebt man mit der Tätigkeit des Lebens, also muss man natürlich, um zu leben, das Leben bejahen. Und wenn man in dem Tun verschwindet, das man Tod nennt, muss man das, was Tod heißt, bejahen, sonst könnte man nicht verschwinden. Das, was wir studieren müssen, ist jene Weisheit, die klar die Besonderheiten des Prozesses verstehen kann, wie wir erscheinen, wenn wir dem Tun namens Leben begegnen, und ebenso die Reihenfolge, in der wir verschwinden, wenn wir dem Tun begegnen, das man Tod nennt. Ich habe schon so oft das Grundprinzip erklärt, wie es ist, dass wir abwechselnd erscheinen und verschwinden.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Das Erscheinen ist die eine Hälfte dessen, was man selbst ist, das Verschwinden ist die andere Hälfte. Jeder Einzelne ist nicht ein vollständiges Selbst. Ein vollständiges Selbst ist die Fähigkeit in der Lage zu sein, unaufhörlich zu erscheinen und zu verschwinden, immer und immer wieder. Wenn wir einseitig werden, wenn wir nur das Leben mögen, dann werden wir nie in der Lage sein, den Rest des Verschwindens zu erleben. Wenn wir diese Ruhe des Verschwindens nicht ertragen können, wie können wir dann erwarten, dass wir erscheinen können? Was wir unweigerlich zeigen müssen, manifestieren müssen, ist die Weisheit, die dieses wechselnde Prinzip, das hinter allen Dingen steht, klar sehen kann, das es uns ermöglicht, immer wieder zu erscheinen und zu verschwinden,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Diese Art, die Dinge zu betrachten, steht in so krassem Widerspruch zu der Art und Weise, wie Sie gelehrt worden sind, dass es nicht nur schwer zu verstehen ist, sondern sogar absolut unmöglich erscheinen mag. Das Einzige, was es schwierig macht, das Einzige, was es scheinbar unmöglich macht, ist die Fixierung auf das Selbst. Wenn du aufhörst, das Selbst zu fixieren, dann wirst du sehen, dass du es tust: Du tauchst mühelos auf und verschwindest wieder.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In diesem sich wiederholenden Prozess entsteht unweigerlich ein unvollständiges Selbst, aber es entsteht auch ein vollständiges Selbst. Es gibt diese beiden Zustände des Selbst, das vollständige und das unvollständige, und beide entstehen unweigerlich als Teil dieses sich wiederholenden Prozesses.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Das unvollständige Selbst, d.h. das Selbst, das in der Welt der Unvollständigkeit lebt, genießt sich selbst. Unvollständigkeit lebt, genießt sich selbst. Was das Leben in der Welt des unvollständigen Selbst so angenehm macht, ist der Ehrgeiz, das Verlangen, den vollständigen Zustand zu erreichen.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Aber wenn wir den unvollständigen Zustand erstarren lassen, wenn wir ihn fixieren, werden wir niemals in der Lage sein, unser Verlangen, unseren Ehrgeiz zu verwirklichen. Wenn wir unseren Ehrgeiz, unser Verlangen verwirklichen, ist ein neues Selbst entstanden, das die Erfüllung dieses Wunsches ist. Trotz all der freundlichen Lehren, die diese Tatsache erklären, fixieren die Menschen immer noch die Welt der Unvollständigkeit, sie fixieren immer noch das Selbst, und deshalb wird die unvollständige Welt zu einer Welt des Leidens.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ich habe erklärt, dass das, was wir mit einem vollständigen Selbst meinen, die Manifestation von wahrer Liebe ist. Wir könnten sagen, es ist die Manifestation der einen wahren Natur. Wenn wir die Manifestation dieser wahren Liebe oder der einen wahren Natur als unser Ziel betrachten, dann werden wir nicht in Konflikte verwickelt, weil wir nicht auf unser Selbst fixiert sind.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wenn wir unser Selbst fixieren, dann werden wir auch unseren Geliebten fixieren. Liebe, die auf der Fixierung des Selbst beruht, nennen wir Appetitliebe, und sie ist eine geringere Art von Liebe. Wenn Sie feststellen, dass Sie von Ihrem Geliebten zurückgewiesen wurden, in der Liebe verlassen wurden, erkennen Sie, warum: Es geschieht durch die Fixierung auf das Selbst.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Was wir mit dem unvollständigen Selbst meinen, ist das Selbst, das der Gnade der Vergangenheit und der Zukunft ausgeliefert ist. Mit anderen Worten, was wir mit einem unvollständigen Selbst meinen, ist das Selbst, das dem Tod und dem Leben ausgeliefert ist. Wenn das Selbst, das am Leben beteiligt ist, in der Lage ist, auch die Aktivität des Todes vollständig zu manifestieren, löst sich dieses Selbst in den ganzen Raum auf und hat den ganzen Raum zu seinem Inhalt. Was wir mit Verschwinden im umfassenden Sinne meinen, bedeutet, sowohl die Tätigkeit des Lebens als auch die Tätigkeit des Todes als Inhalt zu haben, und es gibt nichts, was diesem Zustand entgegenstehen könnte. Nachdem man das Selbst losgelöst hat, löst man sich im Raum auf und wird zum Universum. Dies ist die Geburt eines neuen vollständigen Selbst, mit anderen Worten, der Zustand der wahren Liebe.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Aber wenn dieser Zustand der wahren Liebe, den wir Samadhi nennen, gebrochen wird, was unweigerlich geschehen wird, dann findet man sich in der Welt des fühlenden Seins wieder.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Es entsteht ein unvollständiges Selbst, das von Vergangenheit und Zukunft umgeben ist; Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft sind getrennt. Was wir mit Zen, dem sogenannten Tathagata-Zen, meinen, ist, dieses grundlegendste Prinzip zu praktizieren.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Aber die Art und Weise, wie dieser Prozess funktioniert, ist, dass manchmal die Lebensaktivität die Initiative ergreift und ein anderes Mal die Todesaktivität, sozusagen. Unsere Existenz verdankt sich der Tatsache, dass die Lebensaktivität die Initiative ergriffen hat. Deshalb existieren wir; wir sind dem Tun, das Leben genannt wird, begegnet. Die Lebensaktivität könnte man als die männliche Tätigkeit bezeichnen. Aber wenn diese Aktivität ihre natürliche Grenze erreicht, dann ist es an der Zeit, dass die weibliche Aktivität, die Aktivität der Kontraktion, die Aktivität der Vernichtung, die Initiative ergreift. Dann macht man die Aktivität, die man Verschwinden nennt, bis sie ihren natürlichen Grenzpunkt erreicht, an dem es keine Notwendigkeit mehr gibt, zu verschwinden. Wir müssen jene Weisheit manifestieren, die klar weiß, die klar verstehen kann, über dieses Prinzip schließlich den Ort zu erreichen, an dem man nicht mehr zu verschwinden braucht. Wenn man die natürliche Grenze des Verschwindens erreicht, dann übernimmt wieder das Männliche, die Lebensaktivität, die Oberhand, und wir finden uns wieder in der Welt des Lebens, der empfindenden Wesen.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wir kommen ins Dasein, indem wir der Aktivität des Lebens begegnen, und, wie ich schon sagte, hat diese Lebenstätigkeit ihren natürlichen Grenzpunkt, den man die letzte Ausdehnung nennt. Die wahre Natur des Selbst besteht darin, das Größte und Kleinste zu manifestieren. Dies ist natürlich nichts anderes als die Aktivität, die das gesamte Universum hervorbringt. Das Universum manifestiert das Universum nach diesem Prinzip. Was der Mensch tun muss, ist, sich mit starkem Willen üben, sich der Aktivität des Lebens und der Aktivität des Todes hinzugeben, bis wir mit kristalliner Klarheit verstehen, was diese beiden Aktivitäten sind. Dann sind wir in der Lage, tatsächlich an dem Prozess teilzunehmen, der das Universum hervorbringt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Das Universum funktioniert ohne Willen oder Verlangen. Ein Mensch ist verschieden von einem Stein. Ein Mensch hat ein Bewusstsein entwickelt, und deshalb muss ein Mensch einen starken Willen haben, um an der Aktivität teilnehmen zu können, die das Universum erschafft. Wir müssen leben, wir müssen existieren, mit einem starken Willen als menschlichen Wesen. Was Rinzai fordert, ist, dass wir einerseits die Weisheit haben, das fundamentale Prinzip hinter der Manifestation des Universums zu verstehen, und dass wir auch den starken Willen haben, es zu praktizieren. Was Rinzai sagt, ist, dass der wahre Praktiker des Weges die Person ist, die nicht nur versteht, sondern auch den starken Willen hat, so zu praktizieren, wie er es verstanden hat.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Rinzai sagt, dass die Person, die versteht und den starken Willen hat zu praktizieren, tatsächlich ihr Leben in Übereinstimmung mit dem, was sie versteht, lebt. Solch eine Person muss sich nicht einen Buddha, Bodhisattva, Arhat oder einen Geliebten nehmen. Es gibt keinen fixierten Buddha oder Bodhisattva. Es gibt keine fixierte schöne Frau oder einen fixierten hübschen Jungen. Wenn man sich fixiert und der Liebe nachjagt, dann wird man unweigerlich in der Liebe enttäuscht werden. Aber Tatsache ist, dass wir Menschen dazu neigen, uns selbst zu fixieren, und wir neigen dazu, unsere Liebhaber zu fixieren. Deshalb ist die menschliche Existenz immer von Leiden geplagt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Aber wenn wir uns nicht auf das Selbst fixieren, sind wir dem Leiden nicht mehr ausgeliefert, das Leiden kann uns nicht erwischen. Wenn wir versuchen, den Buddha zu ergreifen, den Bodhisattva zu ergreifen, den Geliebten zu ergreifen, erfahren wir Leiden, aber das ist kein wirkliches Leiden.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Wie ich schon immer gesagt habe, kommt das Selbst in die Existenz, ist geboren, weil es sowohl von der Aktivität der Existenz als auch von der Aktivität der Nichtexistenz lebt. Mit anderen Worten, ein Selbst wird geboren, weil es gleichermaßen von Vater und Mutter erhält, gleichermaßen von der Tätigkeit, die man Gehen nennt, und von der Tätigkeit, die man Kommen nennt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Solange wir unvollständig sind, werden wir die Aktivität des Vaters und die Aktivität der Mutter immer als Objekte betrachten. In dieser Hinsicht hat der Buddhismus etwas sehr Wichtiges zu lehren. Was könnte diese wichtige Sache sein? Nun, es ist ein bisschen schwierig zu verstehen, aber weil das Körper-Selbst im Moment der Geburt gleichermaßen den Einfluss, die Kraft, die Anziehungskraft von Vater und Mutter erhält, und weil die Anziehungskraft von Vater und Mutter beide sehr stark sind, spaltet sich das Selbst natürlich in zwei Teile, gibt die Hälfte von sich selbst an einen Elternteil und die Hälfte von sich selbst dem anderen Elternteil zurück, und dadurch löst es sich auf, und der Raum, der zwischen den Eltern bestehen würde, wird beseitigt, und sie sind in der Lage, in einem Zustand des Kontrasts, aber nicht der Trennung, zu sein. Dieses Tun wird die selbstlose Tätigkeit genannt, die Tätigkeit der Selbstverleugnung, durch die man seine beiden Eltern manifestiert.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ein Aspekt der eigenen Entwicklung, des eigenen Wachstumsprozesses, beinhaltet unweigerlich diese Erfahrung, sich selbst aufzulösen und nur noch das So-Kommen und das So-Gehen übrig zu lassen, und sonst nichts. Dies ist, mit anderen Worten, der Zustand der Quelle. Im Zustand der Quelle gibt es kein existierendes Wesen; es gibt nur das so Kommende und das so Gehende, die sich kontrastieren und vereinen, mühelos und ewig. Dies ist das Wunderbarste, das Ausgezeichnetste. Es wird als die Manifestation von Null bezeichnet, der Zustand der Quelle, aber weil es spontan und mühelos geschieht, ohne Willen oder Verlangen, wird es auch die Manifestation von Shunyata, von 'Leere', genannt. Dieser Zustand der Null wird auch Samadhi genannt.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Aber der Zustand von Null, der Zustand von Samadhi, fixiert sich nicht selbst. Er wird unweigerlich einen neuen Zustand der Vollkommenheit manifestieren. Ein Zustand der Vollkommenheit manifestiert sich, aber es gibt kein Verweilen, keine Fixierung dieses Zustands der Vollständigkeit. Es bewegt sich so vorwärts, dass ein neuer Zustand der Vollkommenheit entsteht. Den Samadhi-Zustand habe ich als die Manifestation wahrer Liebe bezeichnet, aber man könnte ihn auch als die Manifestation der wahren Gegenwart bezeichnen. Damit diese vollständige Gegenwart manifestieren kann, ist es notwendig, dass Vergangenheit, Gegenwart, und Zukunft wieder ins Dasein treten. Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft sind durch die Null in der Welt der Null. Danach entsteht wieder eine vollständige Null.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dieser Zustand der Vollständigkeit, diese Null, ist absolut, unvermeidlich, in unserem gewöhnlichen Leben, unserer Existenz. Wer würde dieses Prinzip kennen, wie die Null einen neuen Zustand der Null manifestiert? Natürlich ist die einzige Person, die es wissen könnte, die von den Zuständen der Vollständigkeit wissen könnte, ein unvollständiges Selbst. Wir können sagen, dass das unvollständige Selbst wirklich zu respektieren und zu ehren ist. Es ist eine sehr edle Existenz.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Der Zustand der Null, der Zustand der Vollkommenheit, ist nicht zu schätzen, noch darf er verunglimpft werden. Der Zustand der Null kann überhaupt nicht berührt werden; es gibt keine Möglichkeit, man kann ihn nicht in den Griff bekommen. Es gibt keine Möglichkeit, den wahren Gott, den wahren Buddha zu berühren. Der Einzige, der Gott oder den Buddha erkennen kann, wäre ein unvollständiges Selbst, das die Einsicht, die Weisheit über diesen Prozess gewonnen hat. Die Person, das Selbst, das dieses Prinzip kennt, ist ein völlig freies Selbst. Jeder möchte frei sein. Es gibt keinen fixierten freien Menschen. Freiheit bedeutet die Weisheit, die das Prinzip versteht, das das Universum formt. Eine freie Person ist nicht in irgendetwas gefangen; sie fixiert die Welt nicht, also ist sie nicht durch ihre Beziehung zur Welt gebunden. Wenn wir durch Fixierung lieben, ist es das, was wir unvollständige Liebe, oder Appetitliebe nennen, dürstende Liebe. Aber wenn man die wahre Liebe manifestiert, dann gibt es keinen hübschen Jungen und keine schöne Frau. Was wir meinen mit Zen ist die klare Manifestation der Weisheit, die dieses Prinzip umfasst.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Ich danke Ihnen.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">(Der folgende Abschnitt wurde von Roshi am 21.2.96 hinzugefügt.)</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Das unvollständige Selbst muss verschwinden, muss sich verstecken, muss sterben, aber der Ort, in den es stirbt, ist das vollständige Selbst. Es muss sterben. Das unvollständige Selbst stirbt, aber das Selbst stirbt nicht; das Selbst wird zum vollständigen Selbst und entwickelt sich durch diesen Prozess. Es ist also sehr wichtig, über dieses Wort Tod nachzudenken.</span></p> </span>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-53634070006533629232023-06-01T06:19:00.002+07:002023-06-01T06:19:00.165+07:00Saikontan/Caigentan: Weisheiten eines Vegetariers (V)<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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nutzlosem Zeug versiegelt, das aus menschlicher Hand stammt. Jeder Mensch trägt
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Tänzen verlockender Frauen ertränkt. Indem er sich gegen die Versuchung
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läuft man Gefahr, Enttäuschungen zu erleben.</span></p>
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Wildblumen vergleichen, die auf Feldern erblühen und lange währen. Werden diese
Dinge jedoch durch überlegene Macht erlangt, kann man sie mit Blumen in einer
Vase vergleichen, da sie den Launen des Schicksals ausgeliefert sind und
weggeworfen werden oder, wurzellos, in einem Augenblick verwelken können.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Gerät jemand in Schwierigkeiten, sollte er sich an den Tag erinnern, wo er
mit seinem Unterfangen begann. Wer hingegen die Früchte seiner Anstrengungen
genießt, sollte sein künftiges Schicksal bedenken.<br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
Wenn der Frühling mit seinem freundlichen Wetter kommt, können selbst Blumen
und Vögel Freude in unsere Herzen bringen, die einen, indem sie die Erde mit
leuchtenden Farben schmücken, die anderen, indem sie süße Noten singen. Was für
ein Segen für euch, wenn ihr das volle Ausmaß dieser Glückseligkeit genießen
könnt! Wenn ihr euch aber nicht anstrengt, der Welt durch weise Worte und Taten
zu nutzen, könntet ihr hundert Jahre alt werden und doch nicht einen Tag wirklich
gelebt haben.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Auch wenn es für einen Gelehrten notwendig ist, eifrig und tüchtig seine
Moral zu entwickeln, sollte er zugleich seinen Geist von der Fessel der Bräuche
befreien. Wenn er zu enthaltsam ist, wird er dem Herbst gleichen, der von Natur
aus vernichtet, und nicht dem Frühling, der alle Schöpfung wachsen und gedeihen
lässt; wie könnte er dann darauf hoffen, seinen Gefährten von Nutzen zu sein? </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein wahrhaft integrer Mensch ist nicht aufgrund dieser Eigenschaft bekannt;
wäre dem so, könnte dieser Mensch tatsächlich habsüchtig sein. Wer ein
ungewöhnliches Talent besitzt, greift nicht zu Kunstgriffen; tut er es doch,
ist er in Wahrheit untalentiert.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Obschon ein Mensch in einem dunklen Raum sitzt, wird er sich fühlen, als
wäre er unter blauem Himmel, wenn nur sein Geist strahlt. Im Gegensatz dazu
kann er in hellem Tageslicht stehen und doch von Dämonen und bösen Geistern
umgeben sein, wenn seine Gedanken bloß finster sind.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Es gibt ein altes Gefäß, das so gemacht ist, dass es schräg steht, wenn es
kein Wasser enthält; sobald es zur Hälfte gefüllt ist, steht es aufrecht, doch
vollständig gefüllt fällt es um. Ein anderes antikes Gefäß aus Erde, das für Ersparnisse
benutzt wird, besitzt eine kleine Öffnung, durch die man Münzen einwerfen kann.
Das erstgenannte Gefäß fällt um, wenn es voll ist, doch dieses ist von Nutzen,
weil es innen leer ist. So ist auch der Weg des überlegenen Menschen. Er zieht
das Nichts dem Etwas vor, er ist mit dem Mangel zufrieden, statt nach Fülle zu
suchen. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Die meisten Menschen glauben, im Besitz
von Ruhm und Rang läge Freude, und sie verstehen nicht, dass wahres Vergnügen darin
besteht, namen- und ranglos zu sein. Obwohl Menschen Kälte und Hunger als Elend
kennen, sind sie sich nicht des größeren Übels vom Überfluss bewusst, der der
Entwicklung eines moralischen Charakters meist schadet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"> </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Auch wenn einer etwas Schlechtes getan hat, gibt es Hoffnung für ihn,
solange er dessen Aufdeckung fürchtet. Wer aber Gutes getan hat und darauf
erpicht ist, dass dies allgemein bekannt wird, hat verdorbene Absichten.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Unergründlich ist der Weg der Vorsehung. Nachdem sie den Menschen unterdrückt
hat, gibt sie ihm einen freien Handlungsrahmen. Nachdem sie ihm aber Freiheit
schenkte, hält sie ihn in Schach. So verwirrt sie Helden und macht aus großen
Männern Narren. Ein überlegener Mensch jedoch begegnet Feindseligkeit mit
Abgeklärtheit, während ihn Sicherheit an Gefahren gemahnt. Selbst die Vorsehung
weiß mit einem solchen Menschen nichts anzufangen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein temperamentvoller Mensch ist wie Feuer und verbrennt alles, was er
berührt. Ein selbstsüchtiger und undankbarer Mensch wirkt wie Eis und lässt
alles gefrieren, was er berührt. Ein steifer und verstockter Mensch kann mit
abgestandenem Wasser oder einem vertrockneten Baum verglichen werden. Da es all
diesen Menschen an gesunder Vitalität fehlt, können sie nicht an der Seite
derer stehen, die Gutes für den Staat tun und ihm das Verdienst ihrer Wohltaten
hinterlassen wollen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Glück kommt nicht zu dem, der es umwirbt. Das Geheimnis besteht in einem
heiteren Geist. Das Böse ist unvermeidlich, wenn es ihm bestimmt ist,
einzutreten. Keine Arglist gegenüber anderen zu hegen ist der einzige Weg, sich
davon zu distanzieren.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ist der Geist der Natur warm, dann wachsen alle Dinge, ist er kalt, dann
tötet er sie. Mit dem Menschen ist es genauso. Wer kaltherzig ist, erfährt nur
wenige irdische Wohltaten, der Heitere und Warmherzige jedoch genießt einen
großen Anteil an menschlichem Glück, und der Einfluss seiner Wohltaten wird
noch lange nach seinem Tod erfahrbar sein. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn Zufriedenheit gesichert und anhaltend ist, wurde dies durch den
Wechsel von Freude und Leid erreicht und ist das Ergebnis eines wohlgeübten
Geistes. Wenn Erkenntnis authentisch und wahr ist, wurde dies durch den Wechsel
von Vertrauen und Zweifel erlangt und ist das Ergebnis eines intellektuellen
Ringens.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Der Geist sollte frei von Vorurteilen sein, dann dringt die Vernunft in ihn
und verweilt darin. Wenn er von der Vernunft besetzt ist, können Leidenschaft
und Begierde nicht in ihn gelangen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Faulige und schmutzige Erde ist fruchtbar, zu klares Wasser jedoch erlaubt
es den Fischen nicht, darin zu leben. Der überlegene Mensch sollte darum ein so
großes Herz haben, dass er die Fehler anderer erträgt. Er sollte nicht zu
pingelig sein bei der Auswahl seiner Gefährten und die Einsamkeit der Gesellschaft
vorziehen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Selbst ein bockendes Pferd, das den Wagen umzustürzen droht, kann dazu
gebracht werden, weiterzulaufen. Mit Menschen ist es genauso: Keiner ist so
wertlos, dass er nicht durch angemessene Übung nützlich werden könnte. Nur wer
seine Zeit vergeudet, darf nicht darauf hoffen, sich intellektuell und
moralisch weiterzuentwickeln. Dazu gibt es einen Sinnspruch: „Von anfälliger
Gesundheit zu sein ist keine Schande, doch wenn ich mein ganzes Leben nicht
krank würde, wäre ich beschämt.“</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" /></span><p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-48643941142732459602023-05-15T14:08:00.050+07:002023-08-12T23:07:58.600+07:00Joshu Sasaki: Teisho "Das Oberhaupt des Himmels ist die Frau" [Mumonkan 9] (02.05.98)<p style="text-align: justify;"><i style="text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ein Mönch fragte Seijo vom Koyo: „Daitsu
Chisho Buddha machte während zehn Kalpa Zazen in einer Meditationshalle und
konnte weder die Wahrheit manifestieren noch den Buddha-Weg betreten. Warum war
das so?“ Seijo sagte: „Deine Frage ist sehr angebracht.“ Der Mönch beharrte: „Warum
hat er nicht die Buddhaschaft erlangt, indem er Zazen in der Meditationshalle
praktizierte?“ Seijo antwortete: „Weil er es nicht tat.“</span></i></p><div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.5pt 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman",serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 14.15pt 0.0001pt 5.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Vom<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span>ersten<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span>Tag<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span>bis<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span>gestern<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;">
</span>habe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span>ich<span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span>über<span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span>dieselbe<span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span>Sache<span style="letter-spacing: -0.4pt;"> </span>gesprochen:<span style="letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span>Tatsache,<span style="letter-spacing: -0.7pt;"> </span>dass Zen zu studieren bedeutet, zwei
gegensätzliche Aktivitäten zu untersuchen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn wir von zwei gegensätzlichen
Aktivitäten sprechen, sprechen wir von zwei Aktivitäten,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>die den gesamten Kosmos formen und alle Existenzen formen, die
diesen Kosmos zu ihrer Heimat machen, und dieselben zwei Aktivitäten bringen
auch all diese Existenzen zur Zerstörung.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 12.25pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und diese Tätigkeit ist eine sich
wiederholende Manifestation des letztlich Großen und des letztlich Kleinen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Die Position des Tathagata-Zen
besagt, dass es keine andere Aktivität außerhalb dieser abwechselnden
Manifestation von letztlich groß und letztlich klein gibt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Lehre<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>des
<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Buddhismus.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn es also etwas gibt, das man
nicht versteht, ist es nicht schwer zu verstehen, was dieses Nicht-Verstehen
ist. Es ist einfach so, dass das Selbst, das nicht versteht, nicht versteht,
dass es die abwechselnde Aktivität von letztlich groß und letztlich klein
ausübt.</span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Manche</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Leute</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">stehen</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">vor</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">mir</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">und</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">sagen</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">immer:</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">„Ich</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">verstehe</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.666667px;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">das</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">nicht.“
Aber wer sagt das eigentlich? </span><span style="font-family: georgia; text-indent: 36pt;">Derjenige, der sagt „Ich verstehe
nicht“, ist derjenige, der einfach nicht begreift, dass er die Tätigkeit des
letztlich Großen und letztlich Kleinen ausübt, zusammen mit dem gesamten
Kosmos, der dieselbe Tätigkeit ausübt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.1pt 12.1pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Es ist der Akt, es ist die Tat eben
dieser Aktivität von letztlich Großem und letztlich Kleinem, die jede Existenz
manifestiert und die jede Existenz ins Verderben führt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wie ich immer wieder gesagt habe,
wird die letztlich große und letztlich kleine Aktivität von tatha-gata und
tatha-agata, so-gehend und so-kommend, durchgeführt, oder wir könnten einfach
sagen: plus und minus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Diese<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Lehre,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>wir<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Buddhismus<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>nennen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Lehre,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>die<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: .8pt;">ganz</span><span style="letter-spacing: 2.1pt;"> </span>deutlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>macht,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> ihr </span>erscheint, wenn sich
tatha-gata und tatha-agata trennen. Ich weiß, dass ich das immer wieder sage,
aber die Plus- und Minus-Aktivitäten, die Aktivität, die den Mann formt, und
die Aktivität, die die Frau formt, trennen sich, und das ist der Moment, in dem
ihr erscheint.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 12.3pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Nach diesem Sesshin werde ich
vielleicht nicht mehr die Gelegenheit haben, darüber zu sprechen, also ergreift
bitte während dieses Sesshin die Weisheit für euch, die weiß, dass das Selbst,
das sagt „Ich verstehe nicht“, das unvollständige Selbst ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn Plus und Minus sich trennen,
ist das, was zwischen Plus und Minus erscheint und sowohl Plus als auch Minus
als Inhalt hat, das, was wir ein existierendes Ding nennen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.1pt 11.6pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Manche Leute sehen aus, als würden
sie gleich in Tränen ausbrechen und sagen: „Roshi, ich verstehe das nicht, und
ich werde nicht mehr Zazen machen.“ Es scheint, als ob sie denken, dass ich
derjenige bin, der sie auffordert, überhaupt Zazen zu machen.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.1pt 11.6pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.1pt 11.6pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn der Übersetzer mein Japanisch
nicht versteht, kann es natürlich auch niemand anderes <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">verstehen.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wir können auch, um es noch klarer
zu machen, die Plus-Aktivität die tatha-gata-Aktivität nennen, die Aktivität
des Guten oder des Wohlwollens, und wir können die Minus-Aktivität die<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Aktivität des Bösen nennen, aber
eigentlich könnten wir das auch umdrehen und Plus die Aktivität des Bösen und
Minus die Aktivität des Guten nennen.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Es
sind nur Worte, es spielt wirklich keine Rolle, was wir sagen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Der Erleuchtete betonte, dass
alles, was in Erscheinung tritt, im Moment seines Erscheinens absolut
gleichmäßig von diesen beiden gegensätzlichen Aktivitäten durchdrungen ist;
gleiche Mengen von Gut und Böse.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Im<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Buddhismus gibt<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>es das<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Wort<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Bodhisattva.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Jeder,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Mahayana-Buddhismus<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>praktiziert,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>ein<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
Bodhisattva.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Die Person, die den Buddhismus
praktiziert und Bodhisattva genannt wird, ist also weder ein Mann noch eine
Frau.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Der Grund dafür ist natürlich, dass
der Bodhisattva sich manifestiert, indem er absolut gleiche Mengen an Mann und
Frau als Inhalt hat, daher ist er weder einseitig auf den Mann, noch einseitig
auf die Frau ausgerichtet.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Was ich damit sagen will, ist, dass
ihr in dem Moment, in dem ihr einen Fuß in dieses Dojo setzt, bereits ein
Bodhisattva seid, ihr habt bereits Plus und Minus absolut gleichwertig zu eurem
<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Inhalt.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Die Perspektive von uns, die wir
dieses Dojo aufbauen, ist also, dass im Moment, in dem man das Dojo betritt, wir
es nicht zulassen können, dass ihr herumlauft und verkündet, ihr seid entweder
reich oder arm.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Dies<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Art<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Ort,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>dem<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>notwendig<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>sich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>politisch<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>engagieren.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Wir<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> l</span>assen
auch die Polizei nicht hierherkommen.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Was<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>ich<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>damit<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>sagen<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;">
</span>will,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>nötig<span style="letter-spacing: 1.4pt;"> </span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>dumme<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>langweilige<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>Dinge<span style="letter-spacing: 1.45pt;"> </span>wie<span style="letter-spacing: 1.5pt;"> </span>„Ich verstehe nicht“ oder „Ich mag dies“
oder „Ich hasse das“ zu sagen, wenn man hier angekommen ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 9.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wie ich schon sagte, ist das, was euch
formt und das, was diesen Kosmos formt, eine Aktivität<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>von Plus und Minus, von tatha-gata und tatha-agata.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und der Buddhismus sagt, dass
tatha-gata und tatha-agata … und wie ich gerade gesagt habe, können wir sie
gut und böse nennen, wir können sie nennen, wie immer wir wollen … Wenn ein
existierendes Ding erscheint, mit dieser Erscheinung, plus und minus, sind
tatha-gata und tatha-agata nicht mehr in ihren reinen, vollständigen
Bedingungen manifest.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>dieses<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Prinzip<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>versteht,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>könnt ihr Zazen <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Hunderte </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>Jahren<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">praktizieren
</span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>wäret<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>immer<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>noch<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>einem<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Zustand<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>des<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> Unverständnisses.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.45pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Die Lehre, die wir Buddhismus
nennen, ist die Lehre, die besagt, dass, wann immer ihr euch in eurer
unvollständigen Manifestation befindet, wann immer ihr ein unvollständiges
Selbst manifestiert, und ihr tatha-gata und tatha-agata oder Plus und Minus betrachtet,
diese tatha-gata- und tatha-agata-Aktivitäten, die ihr als Objekte seht, immer<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>unvollständigen<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Aktivitäten<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>tatha-gata<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>tatha-<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">agata sind.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ich bitte euch,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>selbst zu erkennen, dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> wir</span>,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>wenn
wir sie personifizieren, die unvollständige Plus-Aktivität den altersschwachen,
gealterten Plus-Gott nennen und die unvollständige Minus-Aktivität den
altersschwachen, gealterten Minus-Gott nennen können.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 12.1pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Was auch immer ihr sehen könnt,
das, was ihr zu sehen fähig seid, ob es der gütige Gott oder der Teufel ist,
das sind der unvollständige Gott und der unvollständige Teufel, die ihr sehen
könnt.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Wir sind sehr streng mit
dieser Lehre.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.05pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Alles, was in seiner
unvollständigen Manifestation erscheint, sagen wir, erscheint in der Welt der
Form, in der materiellen Welt.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Im
Buddhismus haben wir die Worte <i>shiki</i> oder <i>rupa</i>, um das zu <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">beschreiben.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Bevor<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>geboren<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>wurdet,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>gab<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>keine<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>materielle <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Welt.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Zusammen mit eurer Geburt wird die
materielle Welt geboren, und zusammen mit der Geburt eures materiellen,
unvollständigen Selbst werden auch die materiellen Manifestationen geboren, die
Manifestationen innerhalb der Welt der Form von tatha-gata und tatha-agata, und
der Buddhismus ist die Lehre, die zum Beispiel sehr klar die Position der
unvollständigen, materiellen Manifestation von tatha-gata<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>als<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Aktivität<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>beschreibt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Plus-Aktivität<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ausübt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>aber<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>sie<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>tut<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>unvollständige<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Plus-Aktivität, und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>ist es, was<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>wir die Aktivität des<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Vaters<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>nennen.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;">
</span>Der Buddhismus<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>macht sehr
deutlich, was Vater ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und wir lehren auch, zumindest als
vorübergehende Maßnahme, dass das tatha-agata, wenn es in der Welt der Form erscheint,
die unvollständige Aktivität des tatha-agata ausübt und daher auch als
materielles tatha-agata erscheint, das wir Mutter nennen. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Dieses Selbst, das erschienen ist
und sprechen kann und fragen kann: „Was sind meine Mutter und mein Vater?“ ... Ihr
müsst genau verstehen, dass ihr mit euren Augen niemals eure wahre Mutter und
euren wahren Vater sehen könnt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Der einzige Weg für euch, eure
wahre Mutter und euren wahren Vater zu erkennen, besteht darin, dass ihr selbst
die spirituelle Aktivität ausübt, die Aktivität, die nicht die materielle Welt
ist, um die reinen Aktivitäten von tatha-gata und tatha-agata selbst zu
erfahren. Ihr müsst die Weisheit manifestieren, die weiß, dass eure wahre
Mutter und euer wahrer Vater spirituelle Aktivitäten sind.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Niemand<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>kann<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Ursprung<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Mutter<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>oder<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Ursprung<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>des<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Vaters<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">erkennen.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Die Mutter und der Vater, die ihr
mit euren Augen sehen könnt, sind die Mutter- und Vater-Aktivitäten, die Plus-
und Minus-Aktivitäten, die die unvollständigen Aktivitäten von Plus und Minus
ausführen, und so sind sie in Wirklichkeit nicht mehr Mutter und Vater, die
diese unvollständige, unvollkommene Aktivität ausführen, wir können sagen, dass
sie jetzt nur noch Großvater und Großmutter sind.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber wenn wir uns entscheiden, sie
Mutter und Vater zu nennen, können wir sie Mutter und Vater nennen und einfach die
Weisheit für uns selbst manifestieren, die sieht, dass die materielle Mutter
und der materielle Vater eine unvollständige Aktivität von tatha-gata und
tatha-agata ausüben.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>ist
mit<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>euch?<span style="letter-spacing: 2.55pt;"> </span>Was für<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>ein Ding<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>seid ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Es ist wirklich ein Durcheinander.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Ihr wedelt nur planlos mit eurem „Ich bin“-Selbst
herum und wisst nicht, was es ist.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Ihr
sagt einfach nachlässig: „Ich liebe dich“, „Ich hasse dich“, „Ich verstehe“, „Ich
verstehe nicht“.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Dieses „Ich bin“-Selbst,
das so planlos agiert, ist, wie ich denke, eine gefährliche Sache.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Selbst,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>solche<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Dinge<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>sagt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>euer<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>vollständiges<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Selbst?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Bitte<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>seht<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>klar,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>„Ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>bin“-Selbst,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>unvollständige<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Selbst,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>obwohl ich gesagt<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>habe,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>gleiche<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
</span>Mengen<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Plus und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
</span>Minus,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>gleiche<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Mengen<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>tatha-gata<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>tatha-<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">agata </span>hat, nicht die gesamte Aktivität von
Plus und Minus als Inhalt hat.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Es ist
ein unvollständiges, unvollkommenes Wesen.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Deshalb
sagen wir, dass es ein so gefährlicher Zustand ist, in dem es sich <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">befindet.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn du sagst, wenn du denkst: „Ich
verstehe nicht“, dann bitten wir dich als allererstes, dir klar zu machen, dass
genau dieses Selbst, das dies sagt, das unvollständige Selbst ist. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn du anfängst zu sagen: „Ich
verstehe nicht“, dann sieht das für mich so aus, als ob ein kleines Baby eine geladene
Pistole in der Hand hält und damit herumfuchtelt. Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>zeigt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>wie<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>gefährlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>unsicher<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>Situation
<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">ist.</span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Versteht
ihr,</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">was</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">ich</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.3pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">damit</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">sagen</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.65pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">will?</span><span style="font-family: georgia;"> Versteht ihr, was dieses
„Ich bin“, das sich selbst verkündet, ist? Aber</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">der</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Buddhismus</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">sagt</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">auch,</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">dass</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">das</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">„Ich</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">bin“-Selbst</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">eine</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">sehr
wertvolle Sache ist. Warum?</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Mutter
und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Vater sind<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>existierende<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Dinge, die nur<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>mit
Plus und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Minus<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>erscheinen; Vater hat<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>nur Plus, Mutter hat nur Minus als seinen
und ihren Inhalt. Aber auch Mutter und Vater sind unvollständig, sie
manifestieren ein unvollständiges Plus und<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Minus.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>du<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>bist<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>unvollständig,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>aber<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>anders<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>als<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Mutter<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Vater
hast<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>du<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>sowohl<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Plus<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>als<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>auch<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Minus als deinen Inhalt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und so erkennt der Buddhismus an,
wie kostbar und wertvoll das Existierende ist, das als der gegenwärtige Moment
mit Plus und Minus als Inhalt erscheint.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Obwohl sich die manifestierte
Existenz insofern von Mutter und Vater unterscheidet, als sie sowohl die
Aktivitäten des Plus als auch des Minus als Inhalt hat, ist sie insofern genau
wie Mutter und Vater eine unvollständige Existenz. Letztendlich können wir
nicht um die Tatsache herumkommen,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>dass
es ein unvollständiges Wesen ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Da das Kind sowohl Plus- als auch
Minus-Aktivitäten hat, die sich von denen der Eltern unterscheiden, ist es ganz
natürlich, dass die Eltern das Kind sehen und denken: „Unser Kind ist das
Wertvollste, was es gibt. Es ist genau so, wie der Buddha gesagt hat, denn es
hat sowohl Plus als auch Minus als Inhalt“, und so sind die Eltern, sowohl
Mutter als auch Vater, in gewisser Weise eifersüchtig auf das Kind, weil das
Kind diesen Zustand hat, den sie nicht haben.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.75pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber Mutter und Vater haben Arbeit
zu tun. Sie haben eine Aufgabe, und die besteht darin, das Kind zu einem
vollständigen Wesen zu erziehen, einem Wesen, das alle Plus- und Minuspunkte in
sich trägt, und deshalb müssen sie sich anstrengen, sie müssen es wirklich
versuchen.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Sie müssen Dinge tun, wie
dem Kind Milch geben und es dazu bringen, sich zu bewegen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber mit jedem Schritt, den das
Kind in Richtung Vollendung macht, machen die Eltern umgekehrt einen Schritt in
Richtung Senilität, in Richtung Älterwerden. Man kann es auch<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>andersherum sagen: Jedes Mal, wenn die
Eltern älter werden, wird das Kind größer.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn das Kind schließlich alle
Plus- und Minuszeichen zu seinem Inhalt macht, verschwinden Mutter und Vater
vor den Augen des Kindes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.2pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Plus<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Minus<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>verschwinden,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>wohin<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>gehen<span style="letter-spacing: -.65pt;">
</span>sie<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">dann?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Plus<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Minus<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>sind<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>beide<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>diesem<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>„Ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>bin“-Selbst<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>verschmolzen.<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Plus<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Minus,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>Mutter<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>und Vater sind der
Inhalt des Kindes geworden.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn das Kind als das vollkommene
Kind erscheint, gibt es nichts, womit es sich vergleichen könnte.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Es ist völlig über jeden Vergleich
hinausgegangen, deshalb können wir diesen Zustand die Manifestation des
vollkommenen, vollständigen Selbst nennen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und der Buddha nannte diesen
Zustand des vollständigen Selbst, das über jeden Vergleich hinausgegangen ist,
Daitsu Chisho Buddha, Großer Durchdringender Höchster Weisheits-Buddha. Wir
haben im Buddhismus auch das Wort <i>saisho</i>, das höchste Wesen, das man auch das absolute
Wesen nennen könnte.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn Leute vor mir auftauchen und
sagen: „Ich verstehe nicht“, ist das wirklich niedlich und liebenswert, wie bei
einem Kind, aber wenn man immer wieder kommt und jedes Mal „Ich verstehe nicht“
sagt, wird es unausstehlich.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>manche<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Leute<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>kommen immer<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>wieder<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>sagen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>dass sie<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
</span>verstehen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>ich <span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">muss</span>
einfach<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>erwidern:<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>„Okay,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>okay,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>okay,<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>verstehen“,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: 1.8pt;"> </span>schließlich<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>sage<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>ich:<span style="letter-spacing: 1.9pt;"> </span>„Nun,<span style="letter-spacing: 1.85pt;"> </span>ich
glaube nicht, dass du es jemals verstehen wirst“, und dann weinen sie.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Es<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>gibt<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>nichts<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Schöneres<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>als<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Weinen.</span> Es<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>wie<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>eine<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>blühende<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Blume.</span> Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>lache<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>sage,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>wie<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>schön<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>dein<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Weinen<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>dann<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>weinst<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>du<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>nur<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>noch<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>mehr.
Und dann lache ich wieder und sage: „Noch schöner“, und dann weinst du noch
mehr.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wo<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>wird das<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
</span>alles<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">enden?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Am besten wäre es, wenn du schnell
einen Samen aus dieser blühenden Blume hervorbringen würdest, damit die Blume
schnell Früchte trägt.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.3pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Zeitpunkt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>dem<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Daitsu<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;">
</span>Chisho<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Buddha<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>erscheinen<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">wird.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Weil all diese „Ich verstehe nicht“-Leute
immer wieder auftauchen, musste ich die Grundlage dieses
Daitsu-Chisho-Buddha-Koan noch einmal durchgehen, indem ich auf das zurückkam,
was euer Selbst ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>Selbst<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>jenseits<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>des<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Vergleichs<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>manifest,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Daitsu<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Chisho<span style="letter-spacing: .05pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Buddha.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und als ich gestern und vorgestern
darüber sprach, genau an den Stellen, an denen der Übersetzer an diesen Tagen
Fehler machte, sprach ich darüber, wie Daitsu Chisho Buddha sich einerseits
manifestiert, wenn die Plus-Aktivität die Führung in der Aktivität übernimmt,
und schließlich den Zustand des letztlich Großen manifestiert, und an diesem
Punkt kann die Plus-Aktivität ruhen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wir sprechen von Ruhen und wir
sprechen von Aufwachen, und diese Aktivitäten finden genau zur gleichen Zeit
statt. In dem Moment, in dem die Plus-Aktivität ruht, wacht sofort die
Minus-Aktivität auf und übernimmt die Führung.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.05pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn wir also über den Zustand des
letztlich Großen sprechen, dann ist das ein Zustand, in<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>dem das Minus, die weibliche Aktivität führend ist, gefolgt von
der männlichen Aktivität. Dies ist die eigentliche Aktivität, die in der
letztlich großen Welt weitergeht.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn ihr in den Himmel schaut,
obwohl ihr natürlich den wahren Zustand des Letzten Großen nicht sehen könnt,
aber wenn ihr in den himmlischen Himmel schaut und ihn als den Zustand des
Letzten Großen betrachtet, dann müsst ihr denken, dass es die Frau ist, die in
dieser Welt des Letzten Großen die Führung übernimmt, gefolgt von dem Mann.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.95pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Nicht der Mann ist das Oberhaupt
des Himmels. Es ist die Frau.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ob es sich nun um die östlichen
oder die westlichen Kulturen dieser Erde handelt, beide haben es richtig
gemacht. Wenn wir über die Engel im Himmel oder die himmlischen Wesen im reinen
Land sprechen, sind sie in Form von Frauen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.55pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber der Buddhismus ist ein
bisschen anders. Im Buddhismus sagen wir, dass es nicht einfach die
Minus-Aktivität ist, die in der Welt des letztlich Großen wirkt. Die
Minus-Aktivität wird immer von der Plus-Aktivität unterstützt. Die Frau wird
vom Mann unterstützt, und so ist die Aktivität in der Welt des letztlich Großen
die Aktivität des Bodhisattva, die nicht auf Mann oder Frau ausgerichtet ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ich schätze, da die Welt des
Bodhisattva schließlich dann erscheint, wenn Mann und Frau sich begegnen, wäre
es besser, wenn ihr euch vertragen und nicht miteinander streiten würdet.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn ihr ein Bodhisattva werdet, ist
es nicht möglich zu kämpfen. Denn<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>möglich,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">
</span>auf<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> eur</span>em<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>„Ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>bin“-Selbst<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;"> </span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>beharren.
Bitte denkt sorgfältig über diesen Grundsatz nach.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 12.1pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und wie ich euch immer wieder
gesagt habe, ist jetzt der Zeitpunkt, an dem der Zustand des letztlich Großen
aufbricht und die Aktivität beginnt, die wir das Zusammenziehen des letztlich
Großen <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">nennen,</span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 12.1pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia; text-indent: 36pt;">Und wie ich gestern und vorgestern
schon gesagt habe, wird diese Aktivität des Zusammenziehens, die wir als
Aktivität des Sterbens bezeichnen können, unweigerlich zu einem Zustand führen,
in dem das Sterben nicht mehr notwendig ist.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>eurer<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Zen-Praxis<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Punkt<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>kommt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>dem<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> ihr</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>für<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> eu</span>ch<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>selbst<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>Sterben manifestieren müsst, das nicht
mehr sterben muss, kann man nicht sagen, dass dies einfach ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Solange ihr ein Selbst habt, das
die Art von Selbst ist, das Dinge wie Plus mag, aber Minus nicht mag, oder
Minus mag, aber Plus nicht mag, wird es nie eine Möglichkeit geben, dass ihr
für euch selbst die Erfahrung machen könnt, nicht mehr sterben zu brauchen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 12.05pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber wie dem auch sei, wenn der
Zustand eintritt, in dem der Tod nicht mehr nötig ist, dann ist das der
Zustand, in dem die Frau sich ausruhen kann, und der Mann wacht auf einmal auf,
und der Mann wacht genau in dieser Welt auf, die wir die letztlich kleine Welt
nennen.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Hier<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>manifestiert<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;"> </span>sich<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>letztlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>kleine,<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>vollständige<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Selbst. </span></span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.25pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">dieses</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">letztlich</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">kleine,</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">vollständige</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Selbst</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">hat</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">sowohl</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">
</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Plus</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.15pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">als</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">auch</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Minus</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">als</span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: georgia; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Inhalt.</span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Die Art und<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Weise, wie<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>wir
lehren, ist,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>genau dieses<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>„Ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>bin“-Selbst<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>euch<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>eine Aktivität von letztlich groß und
letztlich klein immer und immer wieder ausführt, so dass genau dieses Selbst von
euch das Wertvollste ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 11.85pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber ihr, so scheint es, wisst
nicht, wo ihr seid, wisst nicht, ob auf der Toilette oder an einem Tisch in
einem Restaurant oder unter einem Tannenbaum oder unter einer Brücke, ihr habt
keine Ahnung, wo ihr seid, und sagt gedankenlos: „Ich verstehe nicht“, oder „Ich
bin“.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 11.85pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Das Selbst ist nie fixiert.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Es ist in Ordnung, ihr könnt an
verschiedenen Orten erscheinen. Ihr könnt direkt auf<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Toilette,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>unter<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>einer<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Brücke,<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>unter<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>einem<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Tannenbaum<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>oder<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>auf<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>einem<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>Tisch<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">sitzend erscheinen.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 11.85pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Aber<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>wo<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>erscheint ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>gerade<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">
</span>jetzt?<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>Wo erscheint ihr jetzt
gerade alle?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 11.85pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 11.85pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ich hoffe, ihr habt es inzwischen
verstanden. Nur<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>sagen<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>„Ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>verstehe“<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>oder<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>„Ich verstehe
nicht“ … alles, was da der Roshi da tun kann,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;">
</span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>euch<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>auszulachen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>also<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>versucht,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ein<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>bisschen<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>vorsichtig<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">sein.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 27.5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Jetzt wollen wir
uns also genau ansehen, was Daitsu Chisho bedeutet. Das erste<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;"> </span>Zeichen<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;">
</span>ist „dai“ und dieses dai bedeutet in diesem Fall „sonomono“, das Ding,
wie es ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-top: 0.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>man<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Daitsu<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Chisho<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Buddha<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>analysiert,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>sieht<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>man,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>er<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>sowohl<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>letztlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>großen Buddha als auch den letztlich
kleinen Buddha zum Inhalt hat.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Jeder<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>euch<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>manifestiert<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>abwechselnd<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>letztlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>großen<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>und<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>den<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>letztlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>kleinen<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>Buddha. Wenn ihr diese Art von Aktivität ausübt, gibt es kein „Ich bin“-Selbst.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ihr
macht einfach nur die Nulltätigkeit. Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>Grund,<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>warum<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">
</span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>so<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>schwer<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;"> </span>ist.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 5.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>mit<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>dem<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Gedanken<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>aufgewachsen<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>seid,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Sprache<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>immer<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ein<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>grammatikalisches Subjekt braucht, dann
ist es sogar noch schwieriger<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>für<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">euch.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0cm 37pt 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Was denkt ihr über die Aktivität
Null? Gibt es ein Subjekt? Gibt<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.7pt;"> </span>ein <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">Objekt?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 5.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 30.35pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Was<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>wir<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>mit<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>vollständigen<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Aktivität,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Null-Aktivität,<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>meinen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>eine<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Aktivität,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>die<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">ohne Willen agiert.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left: 5.65pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 30.35pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>habe<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>euch<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>diese<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>Frage<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>schon<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>gestern<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>gestellt,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>aber<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>stelle<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>sie<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>noch<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>einmal:<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>Ich möchte, dass jeder von euch klar in dieses Koan hineinsieht und
entscheidet, ob der Mönch, der euch die Frage von Seijo stellt, oder<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>wir könnten auch sagen Jo Osho vom Koyo, das
Prinzip des letztlich großen Buddha und des letztlich kleinen Buddha kennt oder
nicht?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.1pt 31.3pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>wir<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>fragen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>wer<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Daitsu<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Chisho<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>Buddha<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>wird,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>dann<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Kind,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>das
Daitsu Chisho Buddha zur Welt bringt und das dann selbst zu Daitsu Chisho
Buddha wird.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 2pt 9.3pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Das<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>erste,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>man<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>also<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>untersuchen<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>muss,<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ist,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>welche<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>Art<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Aktivität<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>der<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Daitsu<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Chisho Buddha ausübt, um zu gebären.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>wenn<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Zazen<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>macht,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>solltet<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>ihr<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>auch<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>untersuchen,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>welche<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>Art<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>von<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Aktivität<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Selbst,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>das geboren wurde, ausübt, um Daitsu
Chisho Buddha zu werden.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Und<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>weil<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>euch<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>das<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>alles<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>schon<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>einmal<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>gesagt<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>habe,<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>ist<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>nicht<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>nötig,<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>noch<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>einmal<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>darüber<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;">
</span>zu <span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">sprechen.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Soweit<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>ich<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>sehen<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>kann,<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>scheint<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>es<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>ziemlich<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>sicher<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;">
</span>zu<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>sein,<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>dass<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>dieser<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>Mönch<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>das
Prinzip<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;"> </span>nicht verstanden hat, als<span style="letter-spacing: -.25pt;"> </span>er<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Koyo<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Osho<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span>diese<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>Frage<span style="letter-spacing: -.35pt;">
</span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">stellte.</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 12.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Als der Mönch Koyo Osho die Frage
stellte, stellte er die Frage, indem er sich die Worte des Lotussutra auslieh.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.05pt 11.55pt 0.0001pt 5pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Dieser Mönch nahm das Lotussutra
auf, ohne selbst in der Lage zu sein, die Aktivität des Lotussutra<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>auszuführen.<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>Die<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>Aktivität<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>des<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>Lotussutra<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>nimmt<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;">
</span>er<span style="letter-spacing: -.05pt;"> </span>als<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>etwas<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>völlig<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>anderes<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">
</span>als<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>sich<span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;"> </span>selbst. Es ist gerade so, als ob das Lotussutra
die Aktivität eines Hundes oder einer Katze wäre, etwas völlig anderes als er
selbst.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt 41pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Was<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>steht<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>im<span style="letter-spacing: -.45pt;"> </span>Lotussutra<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: -.1pt;">geschrieben?</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Es wurde geschrieben, dass der
Mönch viele Kalpa lang Zazen gemacht hat. Ihr solltet euch ein Kalpa einfach
als eine sehr, sehr, sehr lange Zeit vorstellen.<span style="letter-spacing: 4.0pt;"> </span>Selbst ein Kalpa ist eine Zeitspanne, die länger<span style="letter-spacing: 2.0pt;"> </span>ist, als ein Computer überhaupt erfassen
kann. Stellt euch also vor, ihr kommt hierher ins Bodhi-Manda-Zen-Zentrum, geht
in den Zendo und sitzt dort unglaublich lange, und trotzdem ist der Buddha-Dharma
für euch nicht manifest.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right: 11.6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Eigentlich kommen im Koan zwei
verschiedene Ausdrücke vor, „buppo, das Buddha-Dharma“ und „butsudo der
Buddha-Weg“, also muss ich wohl den Unterschied erklären.<span style="letter-spacing: 2pt;"> </span>Ich muss im Detail erklären, was gemeint
ist, aber es ist Zeit, aufzuhören, also werde ich es morgen tun.</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4727319149651218006.post-46955925136106559452023-05-01T06:16:00.001+07:002023-05-01T06:16:00.159+07:00Saikontan/Caigentan: Weisheiten eines Vegetariers (IV)<p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn sein Stolz Reichtum ist, dann ist meiner Güte. Wenn er sich seines
Ranges rühmt, dann ich mich meiner Rechtschaffenheit. Ein überlegener Mensch
wird, das muss nicht erst gesagt werden, nie von einem Herrscher oder einem
loyalen Berater verführt. Ein Mensch von unbeugsamem Willen kann Meister seines
Schicksals sein, ein Mensch mit konzentrierter Energie seine eigene Natur
verändern und dabei doch von der alles formen wollenden Kraft eines Schöpfers
frei bleiben.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wenn man sich bei der Lebensführung nicht etwas über die Vulgären erhebt,
wie könnte man da seinen Gefährten überlegen sein? Dann wären die Bemühungen um
Selbstverbesserung so nutzlos als würde man seine Kleidung im herumwirbelnden
Staub ausschütteln oder seine Füße in schlammigem Wasser waschen. Wenn du durch
die Welt gehst und nicht zugunsten anderer zur Seite trittst, wie kannst du da
auf Annehmlichkeiten und Sicherheit hoffen? Hüte dich vor der Umtriebigkeit
einer Motte, die in eine brennende Kerze fliegt, oder der einer Antilope, die
mit ihren Hörnern in einen Zaun gerät.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein Gelehrter sollte sich auf jeweils ein Thema konzentrieren. Beim
Kultivieren der Tugend wird er es zu keiner Bedeutung bringen, wenn er nach
irdischem Erfolg und Ruhm strebt. Widmet er sich den Büchern vergangener Weiser
und dabei zu gleichen Teilen der Poesie wie der Prosa, wird er zweifellos
tiefgründige Gelehrsamkeit erlangen.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Jeder Mensch ist mit grenzenlosem Mitgefühl ausgestattet, Heiliger und
Henker sind ursprünglich von derselben Natur. Jede Lebensweise hat ihre eigenen
Freuden, die Sonne scheint gleichermaßen auf Schlösser wie Schuppen. Doch wenn
des Menschen Gewissen durch Habsucht verdunkelt wird und sein Herz vor
Selbstsucht gefriert, kann er die Vergnügen des Lebens nicht recht genießen.
Wenn der erste Schritt fehlgeht, wird dieser Irrtum tausend Meilen in die Irre
führen. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wer sich in der Tugend verbessern will, muss sein Herz ein wenig zu Holz
oder Stein machen, das heißt unempfänglich für Gewinn und Ansehen werden. Wenn
er seinen Nachbarn ihr Glück neidet und sich nach Ehre und Reichtum sehnt, wird
er zum Sklaven der Habgier. Wer einen Staat leitet und den Massen ihre Mühsal abnehmen
will, sollte einen Geschmack pflegen wie ein Wandermönch. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ein vollkommen tugendhafter Mensch verliert seine Lieblichkeit nicht, ob er
wacht oder schläft, ganz zu schweigen von der allgemeinen Gelassenheit, die
sein Verhalten kennzeichnet. Ein boshafter Mensch hingegen ist nicht nur bei
all seinen Handlungen verschlagen, sein derber Geist offenbart sich sogar in
seiner Stimme und seiner Lache.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Ist die Leber erkrankt, kann man nicht sehen, ist man an den Nieren
erkrankt, kann man nicht hören. Eine Krankheit entsteht an unsichtbarer Stelle
im Körper, manifestiert sich aber so, dass sie allen Menschen offensichtlich
wird. Gleichsam sollte ein überlegener Mensch kein Verbrechen im Verborgenen begehen,
damit er nicht öffentlich der Schuld überführt werden kann.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nichts macht glücklicher in der Welt, als nichts zu tun zu haben; nichts
macht unglücklicher, als sich um alles Mögliche kümmern zu müssen. Nur wer
geschäftig ist, weiß um die Annehmlichkeit des Nichtstuns. Nur wer seinen Geist
still und im Zaum hält, weiß um das Unglück vieler die Aufmerksamkeit
ablenkender Dinge.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">In Friedenszeiten zeige Aufrichtigkeit, in Kriegszeiten Verträglichkeit, in
Zeiten des Verfalls beides. Sei gutmütig zu den Guten, streng zu den Bösen, und
beides zu der vulgären Mehrheit.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Erinnere dich nicht an das Gute, das du für andere getan hast, sondern an
deine Missetaten. Vergiss nicht den Gefallen, den dir ein anderer tat, sondern
die Verletzung, die dir einer beibrachte.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">•</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Tust du jemandem einen Gefallen, sei dir weder dieser Wohltat bewusst noch
der Dankbarkeit, die der andere zeigen sollte; so wird selbst eine kleine Menge
Reis tausend Mal mehr wert sein als sie es eigentlich ist. Sei deinen Nachbarn
von Nutzen, ohne etwas dafür zu erwarten, sonst wird selbst dein kostbares
Geschenk wertlos.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Einige sind mit ihren Lebensumständen glücklich, andere nicht. Ist jemand
nicht wirklich glücklich, wie kannst du es dann sein? Wenn du manchmal
unvernünftig gegenüber anderen bist, wie kannst du dann erwarten, dass sie dir
gegenüber immer vernünftig sind? Mit diesen Gedanken im Hinterkopf vergleiche
deine Umstände materieller wie spiritueller Art mit denen deiner Nachbarn.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Nur wer reinen Geistes ist, sollte die Bücher alter Weiser lesen und die
Lehren vergangener Zeiten empfangen. Wer auf selbstsüchtige Art lebt, liest nur
aus kruden Gründen, um in den weisen Handlungen und Anmerkungen der Alten eine
Ausrede zu finden. Solch einer gemahnt uns an die alte Redewendung: „Einer
einmarschierenden Armee Waffen leihen oder einen Dieb mit Proviant versehen“.</span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wie reich sie auch sein mögen, die Wohlhabenden finden es schwer, über die
Runden zu kommen. Ihr Schicksal ist weniger beneidenswert als das der Armen,
die sparsam sind und sich für einen Regentag etwas zurücklegen. Indem sie zu
vieles versuchen, werden die Talentierten oft von anderen beneidet und gehasst.
Es geht ihnen schlechter als den Untalentierten, die mit ihrem Los zufrieden
sind, obwohl sie nichts Bemerkenswertes vollbringen können. </span></p>
<span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-ansi-language: DE; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;"><br clear="all" style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Bookman Old Style","serif"; font-size: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: DE;">Wer die Bücher der Alten liest, doch ihre wahre Bedeutung nicht erfassen
kann, ist bloß ein Bücherwurm. Wer eine verantwortungsvolle Stellung in der
Regierung innehält, sich aber ums Volk nicht mit väterlicher Zuneigung sorgt,
ist ein Dieb im Kostüm des Hofstaats. Wer in der Ethik bewandert ist, aber sein
Wissen nicht in die Tat umsetzt, ist nur ein Papagei, der die Zen-Lehren
nachplappert. Wer eine ansehnliche Tat vollbracht hat, die weder seinen
Zeitgenossen noch nachfolgenden Generationen nutzt, ist nicht besser als eine
schöne Blume, die für ein paar Augenblicke das Auge erfreut.</span></p>
<p></p>GiDohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00037285400565881820noreply@blogger.com0